1 . Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

Cosmic rays are mysterious, high-charged atomic particles traveling through space at the speed of light,     1     have puzzled scientists for years. But for Yang Jia, a member of the National Committee of Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC), China’s top political advisory body, the ability to see and study them     2     help generate interest in science and space among schoolchildren.

Cosmic rays, first     3     (discover) in 1912, have been an enigma for years, but their detectability means they can be studied by middle and high school students with a basic knowledge of physics.

Yang, also a professor and a member of the Jiusan Society, a democratic political party, proposed further     4     (promote) the study of cosmic rays on school campuses at this year’s Two Sessions.

"It’s a wonderful idea. I heard a presentation from a scientist Zhang Chuang, and I was quite excited. I think it is a wonderful way     5     (share) their knowledge with young people. At that time, I heard in Los Angeles, there were already 80 high schools having such extra curriculums, and in Italy, there were 50. But in China, there were just a few," said Yang.

An organization called Campus Cosmic Ray Observation Collaboration     6     (establish) in September 2020 to promote the idea. Zhang, head of the organization, said they plan to build more stations on school campuses across China.

"We’ve been working on building more observation stations on campuses. At the moment, we have three in Dongzhimen, and we plan to set up more. Now we are working with three schools to build such stations. We also try to put our existing data on the website so that students can carry out related studies with open access," said Zhang.

    7     cosmic ray observation belongs to the field of frontier physics, experts say introducing it to the campus helps popularize science among students.

Chinese scientist Shen Changquan, 79,     8     (guide) Dongzhimen High School workshop for seven years since his retirement. He said such activities can help increase young students’ interest in science.

"By exposing students to cutting-edge science, students can stand on the shoulders of giants and touch a wider world. It’s not about     9     being scientists. It’s just that a lot of advanced equipment today requires physics knowledge, and improving the physics level of all people is very important," said Shen.

Talking about the future of the proposal, Yang said she is looking forward to seeing more dialogue between top scientists and students in China. She said they are optimistic, and     10     the difficulties ahead, the drive for humans to fully understand the unknown can never be stopped.

2 . Not enough American students want to be engineers, mathematicians, or scientists. The federal government wants to change that. They are spending money to do it. The government will invest three billion dollars in the education of young Americans in science, technology, engineering and math. The four areas together are kown as STEM. Many jobs in the STEM fields will open in the coming years. The U.S. government’s investment aims to increase the number of Americans who can take those jobs. Yet girls appear far less interested in STEM subjects than boys. Only 25 percent of STEM students are girls. Debbie Sterling is an engineer. She invented a construction toy for girls. The name of the toy is "Goldie Blox." Ms. Sterling hopes Goldie Blox will help girls develop skills in space and shapes, which help engineers and builders to think about objects in three dimensions.

To interest girls, Sterling created the character "Goldie." Goldie does not care about beauty or clothes. Goldie tells stories, solves difficult problems and creates imaginary worlds.

Mia is a seven-year-old girl who likes science. In her room, she has no fashion dolls. Instead, she has a pegboard, wheels, blocks and an inventor’s journal to write her observations. Mia received a set of Goldie Blox from her grandmother. She learned to make machine with the blocks.

"When my grandmother first sent me the present, a spinning machine, I was really excited. I knew it had to do with engineering, so I grabbed the box and opened it. Then I went for more——I went to the website; I went on YouTube to find more videos. My mom asked me why I was just watching videos instead of building. I told her I didn’t have enough pieces. She got me the builder survival kit."

Experts say parents should do more than just buy toys to interest their girls in STEM subjects. They should also provide a good education. At school, girls should participate in projects that require teamwork and creative thinking.

Women in scientific and technical jobs are also working to encourage young women to explore STEM. One is Anu Tewary. She studied Applied Physics and worked for technology companies. After she had a daughter, she started Technovati Challenge. The challenge is an international competition for young women from 10 to 18 years old.

There is a good chance that soon, more young women using mobile phones will also be developing programs for them.

1. We can learn about STEM that________.

A．The U.S government will invest in STEM education.

B．The market of STEM will be highly competitive.

C．Girls like STEM better than boys.

D．Stem stands for science, technology, economy, and math.

2. Why does Mia like Goldie blox?

A．Because Goldie cares about beauty.

B．Because her grandmother first sent her the present.

C．Because Mia likes engineering.

D．Because there are videos to watch.

3. What should be done to help girls to be more interested in STEM?

A．Parents should buy more gifts for them.

B．Schools should be encouraged to set up courses about teamwork and creative thinking.

C．Women in STEM jobs should encourage them to join.

D．More mobile phone program should be developed for them.

3 . The Rise of Microchipping

On August 1, 2017, workers at Three Square Market, a company specializing in vending machines, lined up in the office cafeteria to be implanted with microchips. One after another, they held out a hand to a tattooist who pushed a rice-grain sized implant into the flesh between their thumb and forefinger. The group implant event, organized by company management, fitted into Three Square Market’s longer-term vision of a cashless payment system for their vending machines — workplace snacks purchased with a flick of the wrist. The televised “chipping party” was picked up by media outlets from Moscow to Sydney.     1     After the event, Three Square Market’s Google reviews page was flooded with one-star ratings.

For Jowan Österlund, whose company Biohax provided the service, microchip implants were not radical or even novel. He has lived with one for years and has implanted hundreds of other young, tech-savvy (技术大咖) Swedes.     2     They have used their implants to gain access to their co-working spaces, pay for gym membership, and even to ride the train. But are the people of the world ready for technology to start getting under their skin?

Microchip implants are essentially cylindrical (长圆形的) bar codes that, when scanned, transmit a unique signal through a layer of skin.     3     Today, Biohax is aiming to simplify identity and access in the digital world, offering a replacement to the seemingly endless collection of passwords, keys, tickets and cards that clutter our lives. Jowan’s friend Hannes Sjöblad has his own microchip-focused business. He believes that by placing a device under the skin, instead of wearing it like a Fitbit, data collection will be greatly improved.

But Urs Gasser at Harvard University believes that extending beyond the Swedish tech-hub environment to a broader market will be legally and morally difficult. In his view, Three Square Market’s chipping event actually symbolizes the imbalances of power in the workplace. Are you a person being paid for your work, or are you the property of the company you work for?

Ifeoma Ajunwa at Cornell University adds that it is crucial to consider the implications of this technology in the context of increasing worker surveillance (管制).     4     This seems to blur the line between work and family life,” she said.

A．Microchips will deepen this dynamic, as they “literally go with the worker whenever they go”.

B．Chipping, thereby, has swept across the globe with its magnetic appeal.

C．Not all of the attention was positive, however.

D．Mostly, they have been used to organize warehouses or identify lost pets.

E．Conquered by the “almighty” microchips, workers may no longer be their own masters.

F．For this community, the chip signifies an all-in-one combination of biology and technology.

4 . 无论我们分别多久，有多少困难要克服，我们还是血浓于水的一家人。(No matter) （汉译英）

5 . 采访发现，83%的人认为教师肩负着培养下一代的重任，是提高全民文化素质的重要因素，值得尊敬。(worth) （汉译英）

6 . 差异不是偶尔一回，而是日复一日形成的。(It) （汉译英）

7 . 那个新发现的星球上是否有水还是一个迷。(remain)（汉译英）

8 . Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.

A new study suggests many Americans have not visited the most popular places of interest around the country or even in their hometown.

The study found that 25 percent of Americans have yet to visit "iconic landmarks" in their own cities. Twenty-three percent said they had not visited any of the nation’s natural wonders, famous buildings or historic battlefields.

The study was a project of the research service OnePoll and Zipcar, a car-sharing company.

Researchers questioned 2,000 Americans. Only 33 percent of them said they had been to Niagara Falls and just 28 percent had been to Arizona’s Grand Canyon. The study showed that only 30 percent had been to New York’s Empire State Building. Only 22 percent had ever visited the National Mall in Washington, D.C.

Many Americans say they would like to travel more. More than half of those questioned said they would like to get out more. Forty-nine percent reported being "creatures of habit." By that, they mean they generally do the same things in the same way. That would leave little time to visit local or national landmarks.

The researchers found that the main reasons keeping Americans from exploring their cities or the country were money, lack of time and a lack of good transportation.

On social media, one Twitter user reacting to the study named a few reasons for not visiting famous places. The writer noted that “most of us don’t get paid days off, get punished for taking a day off, or simply can’t afford to visit anything or go anywhere anymore."

The Twitter user added, "Childcare costs more than College, College Loans costs more than a mortgage payment, and jobs don’t even pay for one of those things.”

The study found that three of the places Americans wanted to visit were Grand Canyon National Park, Yellowstone National Park and the Statue of Liberty.

The researchers also found that, on average, Americans go to a new coffee shop every five months, and a new restaurant every four months. They also spent time at a lake or near the ocean once every six months, and go to a park every five months.

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9 . Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. collectively   B. engine     C. convinced   D. contribute   E. distribute   F. envisioned G. address   H. increasingly I. seemingly   J. engagement   K. initiative

Ocean plastic has become a defining problem of our time, and a challenge to the world’s brightest thinkers and innovators. With a significant portion of plastic waste entering through rivers, the Alliance to End Plastic Waste is supporting the work of Renew Ocean to     1     the lack of waste infrastructure in developing regions.

Research published in Environmental Science & Technology in 2017 shows that rivers     2     dump anywhere from a half to three million tons of plastic into the seas every year. According to the data, ten rivers alone carry 93 percent of the river-borne plastics that end up in the ocean. To help prevent this plastic waste from reaching the ocean, the Alliance to End Plastic Waste will sponsor Renew Oceans, a localized     3     and investment project focused on high-leakage rivers. As a Founding Global Oceans Sponsor, the Alliance will     4     its materials and logistics (物流) capabilities. The National Geographic Society has also supported the Renew Oceans     5    .

Renew Oceans is part of the Renewology partnership, a brainchild of Priyanka Bakaya. Growing up in Australia, Bakaya became fascinated by science, chemistry, and the environment. Trips to India as a child     6     her of the need to do something positive for an environment     7     strained by plastic waste. At Stanford University, she became aware of social entrepreneurship and continued developing her ideas for ending plastic waste in business school at MIT.

How does Renew Oceans plan to tackle a(n)     8     insurmountable (难以克服的) problem? First, using proprietary (专利的) “biofence” technology designed by Renewology, plastic waste is collected as it flows down rivers and branches. ReFences divert the plastic and thus keep it from accumulating and entering the ocean. As     9    , the program has major side benefits. The plastic collected across the developing world will be converted into fuel, while waste pickers will receive compensation directly tied to the fuel generated from the plastic they collect. Renewology can become a powerful     10     for empowering local communities while cleaning up the world’s trash and providing necessary fuel.