1 . Watford and her family have lived in Curtis Bay, Baltimore for generations. Her community has faced environmental injustice. Heavy industries continued to move in her community. As a result, her neighbors have had to live with serious respiratory (呼吸的) problems.

When she knew a plan to build the nation’s largest trash-burning incinerator (焚化炉) less than a mile away from her high school, she realized she had to take action. The incinerator was being sold wrongly as clean, renewable energy equipment but actually it would be a source of brain-damaging chemicals and would release 200 million tons of greenhouse gases per year, both worse than coal burning. Watford felt she had a responsibility to warn her community to work together to shut this plant down.

She co-founded Free Your Voice (FYV), a 10-person student organization devoted to community rights and social justice. Together, they decided to start a campaign to take down Energy Answers, the incinerator’s developer. They went door-to-door talking to neighbors and organizing protests.

When it was discovered that Baltimore City Public Schools (BCPS) was going to be a customer of Energy Answers, the organization fought with the board and presented their case, urging BCPS to withdraw from the project. BCPS was convinced to cancel their contract, which in turn inspired 22 other customers to do the same. Without any financial gain, Energy Answers had no market to move forward with its plan.

Watford continues to work with Curtis Bay residents toward fair development. They have a vision for the future which includes building a zero-waste movement, a solar farm, and green jobs. She wants the entire human family to join the fight for environmental justice because survival as a species depends on our ability to take action.

1. What caused respiratory problems in Watford’s community?

A．Poor medical care.	B．Terrible environmental conditions.
C．Constant bacterial infection.	D．Unbalanced distribution of resources.

2. What is Watford’s attitude to building the incinerator?

A．Unfavourable.

B．Doubtful.

C．Unclear.

D．Indifferent.

3. What was the result of their campaign?

A．BCPS lost financial support.	B．Energy Answers stopped its plan.
C．The investors found new market.	D．Many customers revised their contracts.

4. What would be the best title for the text?

A．A teenage hero against urban pollution

B．A teenage hero fighting for an advanced city

C．A battle for Baltimore’s sky by a teenage hero

D．The social justice challenge for a teenage hero

2 . Whatever the patient’s age or disease, a hospital stay can be stressful, especially for kids. Efforts like Ella’s are a(an)_________ spot during a tough time.

It began in 2018, when Ella celebrated her birthday in a _________ way — a gift drive. Since then, it has _________ each year in early October, a few weeks before her birthday. Along with a(an)_________ to her party, Ella’s friends get a list of gift ideas for kids at the hospital. For the youngest _________, gifts might include building blocks or stuffed toys. Then it’s time to share the gifts. “Seeing other people’s _________ — that’s all that matters to me,” Ella says.

After the first round, the number of donations _________ every year. But she doesn’t keep an exact count. _________, she judges by sight. “We measure how much of the carpet it covers in our living room,” Ella says. “Last year, it _________ the entire carpet.”

Allison, working at Brigham Children’s Hospital, has seen firsthand the __________ of Ella’s gift-giving. “She puts smile on the faces of these little patients in our hospital,” Allison says. “They are all amazed at her__________ at such a young age.”

Ella’s __________ to help kids in the hospital have inspired others to __________ in her footsteps. Friends have collected and __________ gifts for their birthdays too.

“__________ to others is a good feeling to have at the end of the day,” Ella says. “I want to keep doing this as long as I can.”

1.

A．independent

B．extra

C．free

D．bright

2.

A．new

B．private

C．fancy

D．natural

3.

A．worked out

B．kicked off

C．given out

D．thought up

4.

A．letter

B．recreation

C．invitation

D．cake

5.

A．workers

B．patients

C．parents

D．nurses

6.

A．happiness

B．recognition

C．behavior

D．admiration

7.

A．changes

B．grows

C．declines

D．maintains

8.

A．Thus

B．Somehow

C．Sometimes

D．Instead

9.

A．reached

B．included

C．decorated

D．covered

10.

A．excitement

B．effect

C．inspiration

D．feature

11.

A．generosity

B．exploration

C．ambition

D．progress

12.

A．promises

B．aims

C．efforts

D．proposals

13.

A．follow

B．engage

C．track

D．mix

14.

A．received

B．counted

C．gathered

D．donated

15.

A．Responding

B．Relating

C．Giving

D．Comparing

3 . 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

Becky, a 12-year-old girl, was deep in her maths homework. Her father Bill asked her to help fix the gate of the stall (牛栏). “I couldn’t come out and help, Daddy,” she responded, without even looking up. “I’ll get extra marks if I do these equations (方程式).”

Frowning, Bill was concerned about Becky. She only loved numbers, showing little interest in other things. Bill hoped his daughter could enjoy animals and help on their farm.

“Wouldn’t you like to win the blue ribbon competition with your very own calf next year?” Bill refused to give up. In the competition, children show the calves they raise and the best calf (小牛) with a large build, well-developed muscles and strong legs would get the blue ribbon.

Becky listened without a word. “You know, raising a calf also requires mathmatics, like calculating the expenses to maintain health and muscle development during growth.” Bill continued.

It seemed that something clicked with Becky, “It might be a perfect opportunity to show my math talents.” She then followed her dad into the stall. Bill pointed to a new born calf. “Here she is! Tag 333. She will be the best calf!” Becky looked, and a smile brightened her face. “OK. I’ll give it a try.”

In the following weeks, she started a journal of projected expenses —vaccinations, registration fees, vet bills, grain and hay. “She’s finally getting interested in cattle,” Bill thought. But for Becky, the calf seemed more like a mathematical challenge than a living animal that would require care and love.

Winter came —the tough time for the calves. One morning, an extreme snowstorm hit. Calves! Bill and Becky hurried to the stall to check. All the calves were inside except Tag 333! Where was she? They searched everywhere and finally found her a mile away from the stall. The little calf was lying still, covered in ice and snow. Her eyelids were sealed shut by glittering frost. “Is she dead?” Becky cried. Bill pressed his fingers against the calf’s chest. “No. But we need to do something —fast,” he urged.

注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答.

They rushed the calf into the stall.

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Time flying by, the judging day finally arrived.

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

4 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Playing an instrument or singing in a choir may boost your brain. For generations, parents     1     (encourage) their children to practice playing musical instruments. Parents have good reason to prioritize their children’s musical education. Learning an instrument is not only associated with     2     (good) educational attainment but also with improved cognitive (认知的) abilities and intelligence (智力) scores in children.

The results of a recent study     3     (investigate) this question showed that musical people had better memory and the ability to stay     4     (focus) on tasks than those with less or no musicality.

However,     5     made a difference among those who played an instrument was whether they continued to play     6     had only played in the past. Current amateur musicians exhibited the highest cognitive performance among participants.

Continued engagement     7     cognitively stimulating activities, like playing an instrument, is likely     8     (lead) to sustained brain health. In contrast, playing the recorder for only three years in primary school may not     9     (significant) impact our cognitive performance later in life.

Given the overall benefits of learning an instrument or participating in a choir, engaging in such a cognitive     10     (stimulate) as we age could be beneficial.

5 . Mark Covington, founder of the Georgia Street Community Collective in Detroit, stands in a corner of his urban farm, breathing the fresh air in the early morning.     1     Early in the day, the green crops giving life to tomatoes, cabbages, eggplants, and more are bathed in gold, as if being watered by the sun. The sounds of dogs, pigs, roosters, and a group of stirring bees drown out the sounds of the city.

In 2007, Covington lost his job and returned to his childhood street.     2     “It was dirty,” he said. “There were always vacant lots, but they had always been maintained for children to play on.” He knew that if he just cleaned them up, people would pile on them again.     3    

Covington started with a small community garden.     4     One mother sent three children to help him build a larger garden where the kids could grow food, stay busy during the summer and add structure to their lives. Little by little the seeds took root, as the hands on the garden that would evolve into a farm multiplied.

    5     On one corner: a movie screen and a public garden with vegetable and flower beds. On another: a farm and a community center in a building. Nearby are garlic beds and a greenhouse. “It’s somewhat spiritual for me,” Covington says. “It’s like a sanctuary (圣殿). People come here and don’t want to leave.”

A．But if he planted stuff, they might not.

B．It’s a typical morning scene at the collective.

C．He saw garbage piled high in vacant, abandoned lots.

D．Covington made the garden a little bigger to plant more.

E．And almost immediately neighbors began asking to participate.

F．He planted a garden to help feed residents and enrich their lives.

G．What began as an effort to remove trash has turned into a site of community.

6 . Humans work hard to avoid viruses. Sick people are isolated, diseased animals are killed and fields of infected crops are fired up. Reviving(复活)an ancient virus would surely be a disaster.

But a new study led by Fiddamanfrom Oxford, challenges this conventional wisdom. It shows how the revival of an ancient virus can unlock the secrets of its evolution.

The virus in the study is Marek’s disease virus(MDV), killing more than 90% of chickens. Yet when it was discovered in 1907, MDV rarely caused death.

Dr Fiddaman wondered whether its new-found virulence(毒性)was a result of large structural changes. To find out, he and his colleagues got their hands on nearly 1,000 chicken bones from ancient times across Europe and Asia, some of them up to 2000 years old. Sections of DNA from these remains were mapped on to the ones of today’s virus.

As the authors pieced together the sets of genes of ancient MDV, however, they noticed that the genes were arranged identically to those in modern species. It suggests that the increased virulence resulted not from large structural changes, but from point mutations(突变). In particular, changes had occurred in the arrangement of a gene called MEQ, which has an essential role in tumour(肿瘤)formation.

This discovery suggests that the ancient MDV may not have been able to cause tumours. To test this assumption, Dr Fiddaman followed up with a daring experiment. He made the ancient form of the MEQ gene and shoot it into living chicken cells. It did not turn on any of the genes associated with tumour formation. In comparison, a modern MEQ gene quickly showed its tendency to cause tumours.

By combining ancient and modern genetic biology, the methods pioneered in the paper reveal how, and more importantly why, any virus mutates. That could help scientists tackle other viruses that pull on the purse-strings of farmers —by designing new vaccines(疫苗), for instance— or even to work out how to prevent another global pandemic.

1. What is widely acknowledged about the revival of an ancient virus?

A．It is a challenging task.	B．It reveals the virus evolution.
C．It means a disaster for humans.	D．It helps people fight diseases.

2. What caused the virulence change of MDV?

A．Point mutations in MEQ.	B．The occurrance of a new gene.
C．The reproduction of the ancient MDV.	D．Large structural changes in modern species.

3. How did Dr Fiddaman test the assumption?

A．By investigating a typical case.	B．By conducting a field survey.
C．By studying the related theories.	D．By doing a comparative experiment.

4. What can we infer from the last paragraph?

A．Viruses weaken gradually when they mutate.

B．The finding throws light on handling other viruses.

C．A global pandemic requires a world effort to end it.

D．Farmers will face more complex challenges than before.

7 . EYLEA

Consumer Brief Summary

This summary contains risk and safety information for patients about EYLEA. It does not include all the information and does not take the place of talking to your eye doctor.

What is EYLEA?

EYLEA is a medicine that works by blocking vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF）, which can cause fluid to leak into the macula(视网膜黄斑).

What is EYLEA used for?

EYLEA is indicated for the treatment of patients with:

·Macular Edema Following Retinal Vein Occlusion(RVO)

·Diabetic Macular Edema(DME)

·Diabetic Retinopathy(DR)

How is EYLEA given?

EYLEA is an injection(注射)administered by eye doctor and the injections are given on different schedules. Confirm with your doctor which schedule is appropriate.

What are the most common side effects of EYLEA?

·Eye pain

·Light sensitivity

·Increased eye redness

For more possible side effects, ask your eye doctor. You are encouraged to report negative side effects of prescription drugs to the FDA. Visit www.fda.gov/medwatch, or call1-800-FDA-1088.

What should I tell my eye doctor before receiving EYLEA?

·Infections in or around the eye

·Eye pain or redness

·Being allergic to any ingredients in EYLEA

·Being or planning to be pregnant

Where can I learn more about EYLEA?

For a more comprehensive review of EYLEA safety and risk information, talk to your health care provider and see the full information at EYLEA. com.

1. Who is the passage intended for?

A．Eye doctors.	B．Medicine students.
C．Drug researchers.	D．Patients with eye conditions.

2. How can you learn more about EYLEA?

A．Visit EYLEA.com.	B．Call1-800-FDA-1088.
C．Visit www.fda.gov/medwatch.	D．Talk to a medical professor.

3. What is this text?

A．A medical report.	B．An introduction to a book.
C．A healthcare contract.	D．A piece of medical instructions.

8 . When American anthropologist Colin Turnbull published The Mountain People in 1972, he referred to his subjects — a Ugandan group called the Ik — as “the loveless people.” After two years of observations, he decided that they reflected humanity’s basic instincts (本能): cheat, thievery, and pitilessness. But when Athena Aktipis and her colleagues from the Human Generosity Project took a deeper look, they identified a community that shared everything. “Turnbull had visited Uganda during a disastrous famine (饥荒). All he saw is what happens when people are starving.” says Aktipis. But her team revealed that despite living under pressure, the Ik placed a high value on helping one another when they could.

Aktipis believes that altruism is more common and beneficial than evolutionary social science has long thought. “It was assumed that people are designed to only do things to help themselves or their relatives.” she says. By studying the unique, selfless practices that helped nine communities across the world to continue to exist, the experts from the Project are looking to show that we are indeed capable of widespread cooperation.

The Maasai people in Kenya provide one of the project’s main points. They rely on two-way friendships for resources like food or water when they’re in need, without expecting any repayment. Also, a world away, in New Mexico, while folks often help transport cattle and receive support in return, they will assist without repayment if someone faces difficulties, such as an injury or the death of a loved one.

Aktipis believes theoretical frameworks she’s perfected through studying these groups can apply broadly to any interdependent systems. Her big goal is to design social-service systems that support everyone. Take market-based insurance in the United States as an example: It’s priced based on individual risk factors such as health histories and where people live, which means millions of Americans can’t afford it. But in a system built on neighboring, pooled costs (合并成本) would level the burden during collective hardship like natural disasters and pandemics.

1. What did Turnbull think of the Ik people?

A．Heartless.

B．Helpful.

C．Restless.

D．Generous.

2. What does the underlined word “altruism” in paragraph 2 probably mean?

A．Trying to be strong and tough to survive.

B．Making full use of the surrounding resources.

C．Being devoted to themselves or their relatives.

D．Caring about the needs and happiness of others.

3. What does paragraph 3 intend to convey?

A．Friendships guarantee a well-being life.	B．Folks assist each other to get support.
C．Cooperation is a good and natural instinct.	D．People tend to provide resources for free.

4. How does Aktipis intend to apply her findings?

A．By designing a policy for public health.

B．By monitoring individual health histories.

C．By creating a system against collective hardship.

D．By lowering insurance prices for individual victims.

9 . 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写一段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

The automobile industry is spending billions on self-driving cars, just so we can sit in the back seat like some high-powered corporate executive. But what if we quite like driving?

On holiday a few years ago, I spent hours being transported on trains, buses and planes. Then, finally, came the section of the holiday during which I hired a set of wheels.

After decades of marriage, it was not often that you received real praise from your partner, but on the highways of Crete compliments came with every successful action. “Oh, well done!” said Jocasta, her voice full of admiration, as I navigated a roundabout without killing us both.

Into the roundabout (环岛) I went, slowing down as we entered, then speeding up as we returned to the straight. Really, it was like driving in a Fl race.

We turned right, then right again, following the GPS navigation system, and found ourselves in a small Cretan town. I spoke strictly to the GPS: “We don’t want to be here; we want the highway.”

It instructed me to turn right once more. With every turn the street narrowed. It was like being in a magical shrinking room.

We retracted (缩回) the side mirrors. We took another turn. The new road was even narrower, the walls so close you felt compelled to hold your breath.

Another car appeared coming towards us from the opposite direction. The driver gestured, telling me I would have to make way. But how? I didn’t have the nerve to back up along the impossibly narrow road.

There was a narrow garage opening to one side, a small side street to the other. If I could squeeze the car forward into the garage, I could then back into the side street, allowing the other car to pass.

Locals arrived, standing on various sides of the vehicle, helpfully indicating that I had a centimetre to spare here a millimetre there. There were brick walls on both sides of the car. There was zero chance that I wouldn’t damage the vehicle.

注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右;
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

A local stood at the back of the vehicle,waving me on.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

The other car passed.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

10 . 你的留学生朋友Paul要参加“中国古诗词朗读大赛”，请你给他推荐一首古诗，用唐朝诗人王之涣的《登鹳雀楼》或其他你喜欢的古诗进行推荐。
要点如下：
1．诗歌名称及作者;
2．推荐理由：写作手法及内涵等。
附：       登鹳雀楼 On the Stork Tower
王之涣Wang Zhihuan
白日依山尽，The sun beyond the mountain glows;
黄河入海流。The Yellow River seawards flows.
欲穷千里目，You can enjoy a grander sight;
更上一层楼。By climbing to a greater height.
(许渊冲译)
注意：
1．词数应为80左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Paul,

Delighted to know you will participate in the contest, I’d like to recommend

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours,

Li Hua