1 . One of the most widely accepted education theories shows that everyone has a unique learning style. According to this popular theory, some people are visual learners, others are auditory (听觉的) learners, while others are tactile-kinaesthetic learners, meaning these student need to touch materials. Supporters say teachers should adapt their lessons for each student learning style: Show lots of pictures to visual students; give verbal explanations to auditory students; provide lots of hands-on activities for tactile-kinaesthetic students.

Even though surveys show that most adults and nearly all teachers believe in the theory, it remains a theory without supporting evidence. The experiment on this theory showed that there was no statistically significant difference between the people who learned something according to their so-called I earning style versus those who did not.

The theory is far from harmless because it preserves a lie about how all students should learn. The theory makes it harder for student to learn things in different ways. For example, someone who believes he is a visual learner now has a, eady-made excuse for why he cannot pay attention during lectures and why he doesn’t do well on tests in lecture courses. Similar y, those who think they are tactile-kinaesthetic learners quickly come to believe they cannot learn new things unless they’re working with their hands.

In addition, trying to plan for each student’s so-called learning style creates a huge burden to teachers. Instead of creating one lesson for the entire class, teachers must come up with at least three lessons. While students do not have individual learning styles, some topics are better suited for certain methods than others. For example, a good each teacher will probably use plenty of pictures and models when teaching young students about shapes and patterns. For other topics, such as learning how to pronounce certain words, the teacher will provide plenty of verbal instruction and practice for students. Simply put, teachers should be free to determine the delivery method for each lesson according to the nature of the content.

It’s tie to recognize that there are no visual learners, auditory learners or tactile-kinaesthetic learners. I here are only learners.

1. What does the author intend to do in paragraph 1?

A．Classify learners into various types.

B．Give an account of different learning styles.

C．Encourage students to learn in different ways.

D．Advise students to adapt to various learning environments.

2. How does the theory of learning styles affect students?

A．They have more difficulty paying attention during lectures.

B．They adapt themselves to various teaching methods.

C．They find a suitable way to promote their learning.

D．They take it as an excuse for their learning problems.

3. How does the author develop his idea in paragraph 4?

A．By giving examples.	B．By listing some data.
C．By making comparisons.	D．By providing research results.

4. What should teachers do according to the author?

A．Have the freedom to provide individual-style lessons.

B．Prepare for lessons to cover all of the learning styles.

C．Choose teaching methods depending on the contents.

D．Focus on how to improve teaching skills.

2 . Metaura Pro claims to be the world’s first wearable air-conditioning device capable of constantly blowing cold air to keep the wearer cool.

Conventional wearable cooling systems only circulate the surrounding air, and thus don’t do a very good job of cooling people down. The stronger the wind blows, the hotter you get. This is definitely not what you want during those hot summer days. Metaura Pro, on the other hand, relies on a cooling solution to produce genuinely cold air that is 7 degrees Fahrenheit (华氏的) cooler than that of the surrounding area, in fan mode, and up to 18 degrees Fahrenheit cooler than the surrounding air, in cooling mode. The device has a smart app and relies on artificial intelligence to regulate air temperature.

Metaura Pro is driven by a powerful motor and its cooling modules are made up of 26 lightweight flat objects that wrap around the wearer’s neck and help to reduce heat. The motor is linked to a high-speed fan at the back of the device which also drives away some of that warm air around the neck. The device also has a VC plate, which has a liquid-cooled, heat-equalizing mechanism, efficiently creating a temperature differential between hot and cold temperatures.

“What sets Metaura Pro apart from the competition is that it produces genuinely cold air lower than the surrounding temperature, refreshing you during those dog days of summer,” the Metaura Pro Kickstarter crowdfunding page reads.

Metaura Pro not only supplies a cooling function, but also has the capacity for heating as well in winter, it can be used to warm your body to a comfortable temperature, when the surrounding air feels cold.

The device intelligently monitors itself, so when you take it off, it recognizes that it is no longer in use and will automatically shut off and switch to standby mode to save power consumption. Metaura Pro wearable collar is powered by a chargeable battery that can provide only 3 hours of cooling on a single charge. The device weighs 435 grams, which is not heavy, but definitely noticeable.

1. How does Metaura Pro manage to keep people cool?

A．By dropping the body temperature.

B．By circulating the surrounding air.

C．By producing lower-temperature air.

D．By blowing the strong wind around.

2. What is mainly discussed about Metaura Pro in paragraph 3?

A．Its internal structure.	B．Its operating costs.
C．Its amazing function.	D．Its working principle.

3. What may be the disadvantage of the device?

A．It puts limitation on cooling function.

B．It switches to different modes by hand.

C．It possesses a relatively short battery life.

D．It depends much on outdoor temperatures.

4. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?

A．A double-mode smart phone app

B．A cooling air-conditioning system

C．A rechargeable battery for e-products

D．A wearable temperature-adjusting device

3 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Following the barbecue-induced travel craze to the city of Zibo in East China, Chinese social media has once again highlighted the next internet-famous city worthy of     1     (explore).

This time it’s Tianshui, a low-key city in China’s Gansu province that     2     (take) the spotlight recently. It has attracted considerable attention     3     food enthusiasts and social media influencers online,     4     (celebrate) the city’s iconic dish of hot pot.

Known as Tianshui Malatang, which     5     (literal) means spicy and hot, the local dish is popular for its large portion of skewered meat, vegetables,     6     hand-made potato noodles in a pot of boiling broth (肉汤).

Two food bloggers, with over 3 million followers in their account on the popular Chinese Weibo,     7     (be) among the influencers praising the deliciousness of Tianshui Malatang. Their vlogs show eager food enthusiasts lining up on the streets, many of     8     traveled from cities far away.

Dong Liangyan, 29, from Daqing in Heilongjiang province,     9     (locate) more than 2,000 km away from Tianshui, told Xinhua that she was absolutely delighted     10     (enjoy) the local delicacy.

4 . When we are faced with a crisis, or if we have an important decision to make, many of us fall into the trap of over-thinking. We may keep thinking about something constantly and too long.     1     How can we stop ourselves from over-thinking?

Doing something to distract yourself is a good idea. You can find working with your hands is especially good.     2     Your brain simply doesn’t have the resources to split itself into a third activity, for example over-thinking.

    3     Studies have shown that when someone views something in excitement and anxiety, the brain is forced to become stuck in the present because all of your senses are completely engaged. You do not have time to focus on something different, which can cause over-thinking.

Constant wishing, hoping and praying do not give you any relief. They just keep you stuck in one place. But taking the smallest step off the crisis really matters. It will set things in motion, making you like a snowball.     4    

The traps are things that cause your natural ability to react without you realizing that there is a connection between the two. Thus, avoiding relevant traps is also a good idea.     5     For example, if one of your colleagues is so negative that she always drags you down, stop hanging out with her by having lunch alone at a nearby restaurant.

A．This mindset tends to ruin our day.

B．Put simply, out of sight, out of mind.

C．Just as a saying goes, once bitten, twice shy.

D．You are really getting your brain working for you.

E．Other activities are the ones that arouse your curiosity.

F．It engages your movement skills and thinking process.

G．Thus, you will gradually move yourself out of the feeling.

5 . When looking for some vacation ideas to spread out and get some time and space to yourself, check out these great resorts (度假胜地) options.

Hyatt Ziva Cap Cana

Located in Punta Cana, this family-friendly vacation at an all-inclusive resort offers something for everyone in your party. Parents can enjoy relaxing by one of the resort’s swim-up bars in an infinity pool or head out for some deep-sea fishing. Kids, meanwhile, can head over to the kids’ club for a number of activities. Plus, all of the drinks and food across the 14 restaurants and bars is included.

Beaches Turks & Caicos

This resort has become the Caribbean’s popular go-to when it comes to all-inclusive family vacations that provide great value since there’s so much to do for guests of all ages. There’s a 45,000-square-foot water park, 24 restaurants, unlimited PADI-certified scuba diving and water sports, a 12-mile beach, a spa, 10 pools—whew!

The Alisal Guest Ranch

If you live in the city and want to get back to nature, this luxury farm over nearly 11,000 acres in California’s Santa Ynez Valley is a perfect fit for a family. All that wide-open space means activities like horseback riding, scenic cycling, hiking, fishing, kayaking and, for the body-and-spirit-minded traveler in your group, yoga.

Montage Palmetto Bluff

The 20,000-acre community includes a nature preserve with walking trails, but the real stars of the show here are the over 300 species of birds. The resort’s resident naturalist takes families on walks to Bird Island, sharing a history of the area. Plus, kids will love the kayak tours that get up close to the dolphins that live there year-round.

1. Which attracts those interested in horseback-riding?

A．Hyatt Ziva Cap Cana.	B．Beaches Turks & Caicos.
C．Montage Palmetto Bluff.	D．The Alisal Guest Ranch.

2. What do the four attractions share?

A．They promise good food services.	B．They include various kids’ clubs.
C．They provide parent-child activities.	D．They have large historic buildings.

3. What is the purpose of the text?

A．To organize some family parties.	B．To highlight some tourist resorts.
C．To introduce some nature reserves.	D．To stimulate some domestic needs.

6 . How is it that a fly always seems to be buzzing around your food moments after you sit down for an outdoor meal?

The answer is practice. Or, more specifically: evolution (进化). Flies and other insects have been on a multimillion-year journey of evolution, improving their ability to detect food. Being able to zero in on nutritious meals is a matter of life and death.

The family of flies that I study — the blowflies — are the buzzing ones that are usually a beautiful metallic blue, with bronze and green colors. They’ve perfected their ability to quickly sense the smells that naturally come off picnics and garbage cans. There is a lot of competition for a resource like an overflowing garbage can because of how nutritious garbage, with the meat rotting in it, is. But the blowflies can sense these smells long before their competitors or people can, and tend to show up to the scene first.

Sensing systems differ depending on the insect and species. The blowflies’ main sensing organ is their antennae, two thin projections (凸起) from the head that are covered in tiny hairs. These fine hairs are made up of special cells that contain receptors (受体) for specific smells. Think about a batch of chocolate chip cookies fresh from the oven. You can detect their delicious smells because we humans have receptors on the surfaces of the cells that line the inside of our noses. These receptors send signals to the brain: yummy food ahead. They’re detecting the sweet smell of sugar-based molecules, an energy-rich food source for us.

What’s a “good” or a “bad” smell can differ depending on the animal doing the smelling. The attractive rotting meat stench(恶臭) that a fly finds delightful is perceived quite differently by a person passing by an unpleasant garbage can on a hot day. But any fly that can detect the useful smell signal, which means “nutritious fly food here”, will have an advantage. Over time, the insects that have the receptors for those smells will have better survival rates and produce more generations.

1. Why does the author focus on blowflies in his study?

A．They have attractive deep green colors.

B．They have gone through much evolution.

C．They have unusual ability to sense smells.

D．They are easier to control than other species.

2. In which field do blowflies have an advantage over their competitors?

A．Detecting food resources.	B．Designing flying routes.
C．Producing nutrition out of garbage.	D．Escaping from enemies.

3. How does the author develop the fourth paragraph?

A．By explaining a principle.	B．By making a comparison.
C．By following time order.	D．By describing a process.

4. What’s the message implied in the last paragraph?

A．It’s rather easy to wipe out the blowflies.

B．Nutritious foods usually have attractive smells.

C．The receptors play a key role in flies’ survival.

D．Flies find a smell signal much faster than humans.

7 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡上。

The Harbin International Ice and Snow Festival was established on January 5th, 1985, becoming     1     world-class celebration of ice and snow. The Ice and Snow Festival is the     2     (long) ice and snow festival in the world. It only has an opening ceremony,     3     (hold) on January 5th each year, and there is no closing ceremony.     4     (original) planned for a month, in reality, the festivities begin at the end of the previous year, continuing till the end of February, when the ice and snow activities conclude. During this period, it encompasses (包含) four significant festive events: New Year, Spring Festival (Chinese New Year), Lantern Festival (Yuanxiao Festival), and a skiing festival.

Initially, the festival     5     (regard) as a way to attract tourists and showcase the unique winter beauty and cultural     6     (rich) of Harbin, a city in northeastern China. It has since grown into one of the world’s most famous winter festivals,     7     (draw) millions of visitors from around the globe. Over the years, the festival     8     (become) a significant driver of tourism in the region.

The festival serves as a platform for cultural exchange and collaboration. International and local artists come together     9     (create) beautiful ice and snow sculptures, and the event often features performances, exhibitions, and activities that showcase various cultural traditions. It provides an opportunity     10     people from different backgrounds, in which they can learn about and appreciate each other’s cultures.

8 . Skate Westgate

Nov. 3rd — Dec. 28th

●Admission: $22

Kids & adults are invited to partake in a timeless holiday tradition — outdoor ice-skating on our real ice rink! Whether you’re a professional skater or wearing skates for the first time, you are welcome. Skate Westgate will be open from November 3rd through December 28th, with hours varying each day.

Posers! An Art Installation

Nov. 16th — Nov. 30th

●Admission: $15

●Time: 3 pm — 5 pm

Peter Leue, a wood and mixed media artist for 5 decades, brings wood to life with his fascinating art tools. Posers! A series of wood sculptures that take on the trappings (装饰) of real life will be on exhibit in Haggerty Plaza from November 16th through the 30th. Join Peter and his Posers for an interactive opening ceremony on November 16th from 3 pm to 7 pm. Children under 12 are admitted free.

Candlelight: Vivaldi’s Four Seasons & More

Nov. 10th

●Admission: $12

●Time: 6: 30 pm — 11:00 pm

Candlelight concerts bring the magic of a live, multi-sensory musical experience to awe-inspiring locations like never seen before in Tucson. Get your tickets now to discover the music of Vivaldi at Grace St Paul’s Episcopal Church under the gentle glow of candlelight.

Age requirement: 8 years old or older. Anyone under the age of 16 must be accompanied by an adult.

Oak Creek Arts and Crafts Show

Nov. 16th — Dec. 31st

●Admission: $10

●Time: 9 am — 5 pm

Arts and crafts lovers celebrate the return of the Oak Creek Arts and Crafts Show at Sedona Vista Village. Our shows are very popular with locals and visitors. In fact, we have another location in Sedona, Arizona just to showcase all works of the artists. Shopping is at its finest with paintings, photography, pottery, jewelry and Native American art.

1. What do we know about Skate Westgate?

A．It admits skaters of all levels.

B．It is a competitive event for skaters.

C．It has a fixed open time during the day.

D．It asks kids to be accompanied by their parents.

2. What’s special about the event in Tucson on November 10th?

A．It takes place in the open air.

B．It charges the highest admission.

C．It focuses on both music and fine arts.

D．It has age limits for its participants.

3. Where can you expect to interact with a well-known artist?

A．At Skate Westgate.	B．At Haggerty Plaza.
C．At Episcopal Church.	D．At Sedona Vista Village.

9 . Is life a story or a game? Answers may vary from one to another. Over the course of life, we find things to love and commit to — a job, a partner or a community. At times, we struggle to learn from our misfortunes to grow in wisdom, kindness and grace.

Will Storr, a writer whose work I admire, says this story version of life is a misunderstanding. In his book The Status Game, he argues that human beings are deeply driven by status. Rather than about being liked or accepted, he writes, it’s about being better than others. “When people are obedient to us, offer respect, admiration or praise, that’s status. It feels good.”

Life is a series of games, he adds. There’s the high school game of competing to be the popular kid. The lawyer game to make partner. The finance game to make the most money. The academic game for fame. The sports game to show that our team is the best. Even when we are trying to do good, Storr claims, we’re playing the “virtue game” to show we are morally superior to others.

I think Storr is in danger of becoming one of those guys who ignore the noble desires of the human heart and the caring element in every friendship and family. The status-mad world that Storr describes is so loveless. In fact, gaming as a way of life is immature. Maturity means rising above the shallow desire — for status — that doesn’t really nourish us. It’s about cultivating the higher desires: the love of truth and learning; the inner pleasure the craftsman gets in his work, which is not about popularity, and the desire for a good and meaningful life that inspires people to practise daily acts of generosity.

How do people gradually learn to cultivate these higher motivations? To answer that, I’d have to tell you a story.

1. What lies in the core of Will Storr’s opinion about life?

A．The pride in one’s virtue.	B．The pursuit of superiority.
C．The desire for acceptance.	D．The motivation by wealth.

2. What can be viewed as higher motivations in the text?

A．Love and inspiration.	B．Maturity and desire.
C．Commitment and kindness.	D．Friendship and popularity.

3. What’s the main purpose of the passage?

A．To correct an attitude.	B．To compare two values.
C．To explain two arguments.	D．To criticize a viewpoint.

4. What story do you think the author will tell next?

A．A king’s-comeback story.	B．A rags-to-riches story.
C．A Yuan Longping-style story.	D．An overnight-success story.

10 . “What beautiful music!”I shout loudly as my 9-year-old son practices playing the violin. He’s used to this praise; I give rewards like that most days. But every once in a while, I skip it, and when I do, I can see the disappointment on his face when he’s finished.

Am I a bad mom? Conventional wisdom says that consistency is key to parenting since it enables your child to predict how you’ll react, leading to good behavior. And it’s true that children need some level of predictability in their lives, particularly when it comes to discipline.

But research suggests that inconsistent gifts and praise can have a greater effect on motivation. While we all like to live in a predictable world, we often respond more strongly to unpredictable rewards.

In one experiment, my colleagues and I told participants they’d be paid if they could drink about one-and-a-half quarts of water in two minutes or less. In one condition, we offered people a $2 fixed reward. In another, there was an uncertain reward of either $2 or $1. The certain reward was a better deal, yet many more people successfully met the challenge when assigned an uncertain reward. Resolving the uncertainty — whether they would win $1 or $2 — was significantly more motivating than winning $2 for sure.

Here is one of the reasons why uncertainty is motivating. What scientists call “intermittent (间歇性) reinforcement” — rewarding behavior on some but not all occasions — makes it more arduous to know when rewards will show up. If you very often, but don’t always, praise your child for completing their chores, they’ll keep up the good behavior in the hope of receiving praise the next time.

So don’t assume that if kids are always praised for finishing their homework, they’ll be more likely to do it. Do praise young people for a job well done, just not every time. And pick rewards out of a hat when they complete chores—the surprise prize might keep everyone motivated to get things done.

1. Why does the author mention her kid’s story in the first paragraph?

A．To display the conclusion of her research.

B．To show that her kid is very smart.

C．To explain that she is a good mom.

D．To lead in the topic.

2. Why did more participants choose an uncertain reward in the experiment?

A．It was more inspiring.	B．It was more demanding.
C．It was fair to all participants.	D．It was easy to get more rewards.

3. What does the underlined word “arduous” in paragraph 5 mean?

A．Convenient.

B．Popular.

C．Flexible.

D．Difficult.

4. What is the best title for the text?

A．Why Consistency Is Critical to Parenting

B．Why Resolving Uncertainty Is Rewarding

C．How Inconsistent Praise Affects Motivation

D．How Parents’ Behaviors Affect Their Children