1 . “Helicopter (直升机) parenting” describes a style of raising children where parents are over-protective and do too much. The term describes parents who hover over their kids at home and on the playground like a helicopter. Today, modern technology allows these helicopter parents to hover from even far away. They can give their children directions at any moment from anywhere.
Julie Lythcott-Haims wrote a book titled How to Raise an Adult: Break Free of the Overparenting Trap and Prepare Your Kids for Success. In her book, she gives readers a closer look at this parenting style. She also explains why parents should stop it.
Julie Lythcott-Haims says she experienced the effects of helicopter parenting first- hand when she worked as dean of first- year students at Stanford University. The incoming students, or freshmen, she says, were very smart and accomplished on paper. But many were unable to take care of themselves. “They were turning to parents constantly for guidance, for problem- solving, to have them make the choice about something.”
Lythcott-Haims warns this kind of parenting has many short-term wins but long-term costs that harm the child. She uses an area common to most children-a playground. Lythcott-Haims suggests letting your child get a little hurt.
“If you do your child’s homework, it will be perfect. That is what she calls the short- term win. The long-term cost is that your child may not feel capable. And he does not become a determined learner, meaning he will give up easily when faced with a difficult problem to solve.” So what can parents do if they want to break the over-parenting “helicopter” cycle? Reading Julie’s book, you can follow some ways to stop hovering over your children. In a word, when kids have all the skills to take care of themselves, they will be prepared for adulthood.
1. The underlined words “hover over” in Paragraph I probably mean “______”.| A．deal with | B．fly over | C．stare at | D．circle around |
| A．Short- term wins can harm the kids. | B．Getting protection from parents is necessary. |
| C．Trying to make decisions should be valued. | D．Learning from failure is helping kids. |
| A．Encourage them to do what they can do. | B．Help them grow with parents’ protection. |
| C．Guide them in doing as parents do or say. | D．Prevent them from playing on a playground. |
| A．How to Break the Over- Parenting Cycle | B．How to Help Adults with Their Problems |
| C．Helicopter Parenting Is Well Worth Trying | D．Helping Children Too Much Is Hurting Them |
2 . Take Five Scholars—Academic enrichment with NO additional fee!
Are you struggling to find the time to pursue a special academic interest outside your major? Or perhaps you have recently discovered an interest but have run out of time to learn more? If so, you may want to consider applying to the Take Five Scholars Program (T5SP), where you can take a course you are into. Unique to the University of Rochester, it provides an additional term or year, fee- free for you to enjoy a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity to enrich your university life and still pursue your major.
Frequently Asked Questions:
Take Five Information Sessions
All information about the T5SP and the application process is available through Blackboard in your Class Year Announcements module (模块). In order to apply, qualified students must register in the Blackboard Take Five (T5) module, review all content in the module. To access the T5 module in Blackboard, enter Take Five into the organizations directory search bar.
Take Five Term Deadlines
Fall
T5 Program Recommender email due October 10, 2023 (failure to meet this first deadline will make you unqualified to apply during the term)
T5 Proposal and two recommendation letters: due November 3, 2023
Spring
T5 Program Recommender email due February 22, 2024 (failure to meet this first deadline will make you unqualified to apply during the term)
T5 Proposal and two recommendation letters: due March 21, 2024
For further questions, contact the T5SP administrator, J. B. Rodgers at (585) 275-2354 or by email at joseph.rodgers@rochester.edu.
1. What can a student do with the T5SP?| A．Change his academic major. | B．Have one more term to earn credits. |
| C．Finish his university education for free. | D．Take an extra course beyond his major. |
| A．Submit materials required in time. | B．Contact the administrator in person. |
| C．Give proposals in the administration office. | D．Apply for a fall course before March 21, 2024. |
| A．An academic article. | B．A research report. |
| C．An activity plan. | D．A course guide. |
3 . For a long time after my husband, Dave, died, I was in a vast emptiness that filled my heart and lungs and limited my ability to think or even breathe. In the worst of my emptiness, I called Dave’s friend, Adam Grant, a psychologist and professor at Wharton. He convinced me that there was a bottom to this emptiness. While other people had tried to comfort me with personal stories, Adam walked me through the data. He said that by six months, more than half of people who lose a beloved one are past what psychologists classify as intense sorrow.
No one has been handed only roses. We all encounter hardships. When they happen, what do we do next? I thought resilience (恢复力) was the capacity to bear pain. But according to Adam, it’s the strength and speed of our response to suffering, and we can build it. It isn’t about having a backbone. It’s about strengthening the muscles around our backbone.
So out came this book Option B. It’s my and Adam’s attempt to share what we’ve learned about resilience. We wrote it together. We don’t pretend that hope will win out over pain every day. It won’t. We don’t assume to have experienced every possible kind of loss and setback ourselves. We haven’t. For each hopeful story we tell here, there are others where circumstances were too much to overcome. Try as we might to prevent misfortune, they still exist, and we are still left to tackle them. To fight for change tomorrow, we need to build resilience today.
Along with reviewing research on how to recover and rebound from a wide range of hardships, Adam and I present stories of individuals and groups who have overcome ordinary and extraordinary difficulties. We look at the steps people can take to help themselves through tough times. We explore the psychology of recovery and the challenges of regaining confidence and rediscovering joy. We cover ways to speak about pain and comfort friends who are suffering.
1. Why did the author call Adam?| A．To seek his professional advice. | B．To talk about the book to be written. |
| C．To get some data he was working on. | D．To inform him of her husband’s death. |
| A．Draw a comparison. | B．Clarify a concept. |
| C．Highlight a difference. | D．Explain a physical reaction. |
| A．The method they wrote the book. | B．The content of their book. |
| C．The reason for writing the book. | D．The people the book concerns. |
| A．To introduce a book. | B．To define resilience. |
| C．To share a painful experience. | D．To offer life advice. |
4 . A recent study, which surveyed 10,000 young people from 10 countries, showed that nearly 60% of them were extremely worried about the future state of the planet. It shows clearly that climate change is not just a threat to our environment. It also poses a very real threat to our emotional well- being. This “heightened emotional and mental concern in response to dangerous changes in the climate system” is defined as eco-anxiety.
Eco- anxiety is a common occurrence among youth today. It also affects the most economically disadvantaged across the globe. But at the highest risk may be researchers who work in climate and ecological science, burdened by the reality represented by their findings.
In 2024, eco-anxiety will rise to become one of the leading causes of mental health problems. The reasons are obvious. On the one hand, climate issues seem to be getting out of control; on the other, our political class is not offering strong leadership. The COP28 conference in Dubai will be headed by an oil and gas company director.
Fortunately, greater levels of eco-anxiety will also offer an approach to the climate crisis. Caroline Hickman, a researcher on eco- anxiety from the University of Bath, warns that eco- anxiety should not be pathologized (病态化). According to Hickman, anyone experiencing it is displaying entirely natural reactions to the climate crisis. Her suggestion? Use eco-anxiety as a tool for good—as an emotion that can make people act in protection of our planet.
This is why, in 2024, we will also see more people around the world join the fight for climate justice and seek jobs that prioritize environmental sustainability. Campaigners will put increased pressure on fossil fuel industries and the governments to rapidly phase out the usage of polluting coal, oil, and gas. After all, eco-anxiety is not something we will defeat with therapy (疗法)— we will tackle it by taking action.
1. Who are most likely to develop eco-anxiety?| A．Young people. | B．Climate researchers. |
| C．Those with mental problems. | D．Those struggling with poverty. |
| A．Unclear. | B．Tolerant. | C．Critical. | D．Supportive. |
| A．Turn it into motivation to act. | B．Do more research on it. |
| C．Accept it as a natural reaction. | D．Find a good tool to fight it. |
| A．Fossil fuel industries should be ended. | B．We need to seek justice in the jobs we do. |
| C．Campaigners are urged to protect the planet. | D．Joint efforts are needed to address eco-anxiety. |
5 . Forget privacy, young internet users want to be tracked
On every smartphone there sits a tracker’s paradise (乐园) of location data ready to be shared.
What is an acceptable level of online surveillance (监视)? I had assumed we all agreed that the ideal was none.
If you want to start tracking the people you know, then there are some rules involved. It’s fine to use tracking to check that a friend has got home safely at the end of a night out, for example, but not to surprise them on the street. And think carefully about whom you share data with.
Location tracking as a safety measure, particularly for elderly parents and children, is appealing.
| A．It is for family and close friends only, not new dates. |
| B．But the truth is how popular it is depends on your age. |
| C．Location sharing has been around for more than a decade. |
| D．The risk is that if you do it too often, it will be hard to turn around. |
| E．After all, no one will find it comfortable to be watched all the time. |
| F．This is not because they are blind to the importance of online privacy. |
| G．Location tracking is so precise that it can locate one person in a crowd. |
6 . While beauty pageants (选美比赛) have been around for about 200 years, a first of its kind pageant has recently emerged — Miss AI, the world’s first beauty pageant for artificial intelligence-generated influencers and models.
Contestants will first be given points based on their beauty and tech. Beauty points are awarded like in every pageant, based on their conventional beauty and ability to answer questions maturely. However, it’s worth considering that all the models were specifically designed to meet or even exceed (超过) all modern day beauty standards so the category won’t be hard to score in. It’s the technical quality and realism of the model that are vital to win points, especially since AI is known to have little but noticeable flaws, like a sixth finger or extra teeth.
The consistency of contestants’ social media interaction with fans, as well as how they are using their platforms are also what earn them points in the social clout category. For example, Kenza Layli, the AI influencer topping the shortlist, fights to promote a society of empowered Moroccan women and was praised by the judges for her ability to tie a larger international audience to her cause, through her 196,000 followers on Instagram.
However, concerns have also arisen about such pageants.
When asked about his viewpoint on the significance of AI pageants, Kenza’s creator Rahul Choudhry commented: “AI is here to help humans, and Kenza’s purpose is to spread awareness. She has a celebrity-like quality because we noticed people tend to follow celebrities and join their causes.”
That celebrity-like quality does have other effects on audiences as well, such as envy and lower self-respect. Besides, real-life beauty pageants have been for decades criticized for their objectification and lack of body diversity, supporting poisonous beauty standards and misleading people in their perception of beauty. In the case of AI pageants, these issues only worsen because they are not real, making their appearance genuinely unattainable and damaging young women’s idea of beauty.
1. What is the key in judging an AI contestant’s beauty?| A．Special designs. | B．Beauty standards. |
| C．Details in appearances. | D．Performances in question-answering. |
| A．Atmosphere. | B．Progress. | C．Influence. | D．Relation. |
| A．they recognize body diversity | B．they don’t accept the beauty of AI |
| C．they adopt unchanged beauty standards | D．they don’t advocate proper ideas on beauty |
| A．Beauty Pageants | B．Artificial Attraction |
| C．Concerns over AI | D．Breakthroughs in AI |
7 . Some students prefer to learn by themselves. They think they can learn better in this way because they have more freedom, pressure and independence. There is some truth in their way.
First, a teacher can act as a guide to lead you to success. When you learn, you need help and advice. A teacher will give you a hand when you face difficulties.
What is more, a teacher puts real pressure on you. If you study by yourself, you must be strong-minded enough to keep on.
Last but not least, studying with a teacher will help you receive the benefit of the teacher’s knowledge.
| A．Besides, teachers are connected with our life. |
| B．Teachers can help you solve all of your problems. |
| C．In short I prefer to go to class studying with a teacher. |
| D．Without a guide, you would be searching in darkness. |
| E．And you may become inactive for lack of a strong will. |
| F．But they fail to see the advantages of learning with a teacher. |
| G．In class, teachers do more than just going over the material in the text. |
8 . Much of the conservation and climate change spotlight falls on tropical (热带的) forests. Given this, people might forget that forests in the temperate (温带的) areas — those found in large parts of North America, Europe and higher latitudes in Asia and Australia —also have the power to help limit climate change. Although preserving tropical rainforests is essential to climate progress, policy makers cannot neglect the important role of temperate forests. This Earth Week, we must turn our attention and dollars to these stretches of trees, or we will face the loss of an important tool in managing global warming.
Temperate forests represent about 25percent of Earth’s arboreal lands. As temperatures have changed, temperate trees face threats of harmful invasive pests (侵入的害虫) from other regions, loss of forest lands from urban and farmland expansion. We believe the greatest emerging threat to temperate forests is wildfires that occur beyond normal historic frequency and severity. But surprisingly, widespread fire suppression (抑制), especially in dry forests in the West, has allowed a build-up of dangerous fuels like deadwood. These fuels, combined with the drought caused by climate change, have led to increasingly frequent and severe fires that kill enormous numbers of trees and release a large quantity of CO2 to the atmosphere in bad fires years in the United States.
We need to reduce land-clearing for housing and agriculture, then allow trees to regrow where they have been removed, and protect and better care for the few temperate forests that still contain stands of very old trees. These old forests are some of the most carbon-dense ecosystems and possess unique biodiversity. Therefore, governments and landowners must make sure middle-aged forests that regrew after cutting will develop into the old-growth forests of tomorrow.
We need to take advantage of current public funding for forest conservation and management and, at the same time, promote private investment to support restorative measures and sustainable forestry to capture the climate potential of temperate forests in the U. S. and elsewhere.
1. What is emphasized in the first paragraph?| A．Temperate forests’ impact on climate change. |
| B．Distribution of temperate forests. |
| C．Conservation of tropical forests. |
| D．Causes of global warming. |
| A．Ignore. | B．Limit. | C．Perform. | D．Assess. |
| A．Increasing urbanization. | B．Fire control practices. |
| C．The invasive species. | D．Farmland expansion. |
| A．Banning tree cutting. | B．Restricting investment. |
| C．Conserving old forests. | D．Protecting farm land. |
9 . Nowadays we are living in the age of anxiety.
Build your team
Choose your companions carefully.
Move
One of the simplest ways to change your internal state from feeling doubtful to one of enthusiasm and self-belief is to move your body.
Meditate (冥思)
The philosopher Blaise Pascal said, “All of humanity’s problems originate from man’s inability to sit quietly in a room alone.” You could argue that his words are more relevant in today’s times than then!
Stop the criticism
| A．Forgive others, or you may stay stuck in blame. |
| B．They will be feeding your self-belief or starving it. |
| C．But we have the power to control what happens around. |
| D．You can be a great partner or a great enemy for yourself. |
| E．But your attitude and your self-belief are your cure for anxiety. |
| F．As little as 10 minutes of swift walking increases your energy and positive mood. |
| G．You need a break from the 24-hour newsfeeds and alarms from your smart phones. |
10 . There’s nothing quite like a good road trip, is there? What better way to explore a new part of the world, see the sights and get to experience magical scenery on your way? But which roads are the most popular? Here are some of the roads whose photos are most frequently posted on Facebook.
Wild Atlantic Way
One thousand six hundred miles long, the Wild Atlantic Way crosses much of Ireland’s west coast. With views over the Atlantic Ocean, this winding road is home to amazing natural rock formations like the Cliffs of Moher and Slieve League.
Abbey Road
Home to perhaps the most famous image in the music world — the Beatles album (歌曲专辑) cover — Camden’s Abbey Road is near the Lord’s Cricket Ground. It’s one of the few roads on this list that doesn’t feature because of its driving charm!
Great Ocean Road
150 miles across Australia’s south-easterly coast, the Great Ocean Road is an incomparable drive for any road trip lovers. Built between 1919 and 1932 by Australian soldiers on their return from the First World War, it is also the world’s largest war memorial (纪念碑).
Carretera Austral
This 770-mile road provides access to Chilean Patagonia and has a variety of scenery to enjoy, from the vast rainforest to the hanging glacier in Queulat National Park.
So, if you’re looking for the perfect photo of a road (or road trip) to take your Facebook feed (动态) to the next level, you can follow our advice. Next step — booking your flight and finding a rental car. If you’re lucky enough to live near one of these roads, be sure to make the most of it!
1. If one is interested in studying rocks, which road trip can he take?| A．Wild Atlantic Way. | B．Abbey Road. |
| C．Great Ocean Road. | D．Carretera Austral. |
| A．Its fascinating views. | B．Its cultural attraction. |
| C．Its historic significance. | D．Its unique location. |
| A．A news story. | B．A travel magazine. |
| C．A construction report. | D．A geography textbook. |
