Staying up late may work well for business professionals or     1    (lawyer), but a new study suggests it can be harmful for students. High school students     2     stay up late see their test scores fall behind their more well-rested classmates.

The study,     3    (perform) by researchers at University of California, Berkeley, examined survey data from over 2,700 volunteers, whose ages ranged from thirteen       4     seventeen in the United States. Thirty percent of them admitted to bedtimes past 11:30 pm during the school year. Following the data, these night owls(夜猫子)     5    (see) their grades slip when compared to other students. Additionally, these teens who didn’t get enough sleep also reported a     6    (high)rate of emotional problems.

The silver lining is that the study shows     7     easy solution to some teens’ problems: get more sleep. Teens facing emotional problems or depression could attempt       8    (adjust) their sleep cycles before turning to stronger measure for     9    (relieve). Compared to doctors’ bills and medication, going to bed earlier can be simple r and more cost- effective.

Doctors recommend 9 hours of sleep every night for teens. Parents should make     10     a rule to turn off their children’s smart phones and laptops when the sun goes down. Now more than ever, a good night’s sleep can make the difference.

How sneaker culture took over the world

Sneakers have come a long way from when they were first invented in 1860s England for the upper-class playing croquet (槌球) and tennis.

Long worn for function     1     fashion, today sneakers have become an entire culture—both a form of self-expression and a high art found in museum exhibits and designer auction houses.

    2     transformed sneaker culture into a true phenomenon was the 1985 release of Nike’s Air Jordan 1s. In 1984, Michael Jordan was a talented rookie who had yet to play in a professional game.     3     that, Nike saw Jordan as the future of their brand, signing him to a five-year, $2.5 million endorsement (代言) deal.     4     Jordan matured into one of the greatest basketball players of all time, the sneaker’s popularity skyrocketed.

Meanwhile, another cultural shift     5     (take) place with casual Fridays introduced in white-collar businesses. It was when men were allowed to put aside their suits and wear something one day a week that showed people who they really were.

As sneakers became increasingly desired, footwear companies turned to     6    (generate) even more publicity by collaborating with celebrities and luxury brands, as well as releasing small batches of limited-edition shoes with eye-pop ping designs.

Celebrities also started their collaborations with sneaker brands, which helped target a whole new demographic of people to experience sneaker culture. It was a blending of high and low fashion,     7     the shoe industry has never really seen before. A pair that Jordan wore in his legendary final NBA season     8     (sell) even for $2.2 mllion, making them the most expensive sneakers ever to appear at auction.

By the mid-2010s, speakers     9     (become) solid gold status symbols. Wearing rare and cool sneakers became an expression of one’s social status. But not until recently, sneakers are finally getting their due as part of our cultural heritage—and particularly how Black culture has shaped that heritage. It took decades for the sneaker industry to recognize that     10     these Black athletes or artists that championed their products, there would be no sneaker culture.

One of the most famous Chinese     1     (painting) in the world is the Qingming Shang He Tu by Zhang Zeduan,     2     court painter (宫廷画师) for the emperor during the Northern Song Dynasty.

The art-work captures the     3     (day) life of people from the Song period at the capital, Bianjing, today’s Kaifeng in Henan. Its theme is not to show the holiday’s ceremonial aspects, such as tomb sweeping and prayers (祈祷), but     4     (celebrate) the festive, spirit and prosperous (繁荣) street scene at the Qingming Festival.

The entire piece     5     (finish) in the handscroll format (手卷格式) at that time and the content reveals the lifestyle of all levels of society from rich     6     poor as well as different economic activities. The original painting,     7     measures 24.8 by 528 cm, is now in the collection of the Palace Museum in Beijing.

This long handscroll has three major sections: the right section is the rural area. A country path broadens into a road     8     we can see it eventually joins with the city streets. In the middle, there are businessmen of all kinds,     9     (sell) grain, musical instruments, paintings, medicine and so on. The left half is the urban area where economic activities, such as people loading things onto the boat, shops, and even a tax office,     10     (be) clear enough to be seen.

Some people are born with a vision and desire to help     1     (other). For other people,     2    , this calling comes     3     (expect), like a lion that attacks     4     (it) prey (猎物) by surprise. This was certainly true of Swiss businessman Henry Dunant. In 1859, Dunant travelled to Italy     5     (want) to see Napoleon Ⅲ,     6     Emperor of France.     7     the age of 31, Dunant was already a     8     (succeed) businessman. But he needed the help of Napoleon Ⅲ for one of his business deals. At the time, France     9     (fight) with the     10     (Italy) army in a war against Austria. Dunant knew that Napoleon Ⅲ would be with his army in northern Italy, so he travelled to the city of Solferino to look for him.

Chinese cultural elements commemorating (纪念) Tang Xianzu,     1     is known as “the Shakespeare of Asia,” add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon, William Shakespeare’s hometown.

Tang and Shakespeare were contemporaries and both died in 1616. Although they could never have met, there are common     2     (theme) in their works, said Paul Edmondson, head of research for the Shakespeare Birthplace Trust. “Some of the things that Tang was writing about     3     (be)also Shakespeare’s concerns. I happen to know that Tang’s play The Peony Pavilion (《牡丹亭》) is similar in some ways     4     Romeo and Juliet.”

A statue commemorating Shakespeare and Tang was put up at Shakespeare’s Birthplace Garden in 2017. Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion,     5     (inspire)by The Peony Pavilion,     6     (build)at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes’ walk from Shakespeare’s birthplace.

Those cultural elements have increased Stratford’s international     7     (visible), said Edmondson, adding that visitors walking through the Birthplace Garden were often amazed     8     (find)the connection between the two great writers.

    9     (recall)watching a Chinese opera version of Shakespeare’s play Richard III in Shanghai and meeting Chinese actors who came to Stratford a few years ago to perform parts of The Peony Pavilion, Edmondson said, “It was very exciting to hear the Chinese language     10     see how Tang’s play was being performed.”

Heatherwick Studio recently built a greenhouse at the edge of the National Trust’s Woolbeding Gardens. This beautiful structure, named Glasshouse, is at the centre of a new garden that shows how the Silk Road influences English gardens even in modern times.

The latest     1     (engineer) techniques are applied to create this protective     2     (function) structure that is also beautiful. The design features ten steel “sepals (萼片)” made of glass and aluminium (铝). These sepals open on warm days     3     (give) the inside plants sunshine and fresh air. In cold weather, the structure stays     4     (close) to protect the plants.

Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse     5     (walk) visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for     6     first time. These plants included modern Western     7     (favourite) such as rosemary, lavender and fennel. The garden also contains a winding path that guides visitors through the twelve regions of the Silk Road. The path offers over 300 plant species for visitors to see, too.

The Glasshouse stands     8     a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route     9     brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the     10     (rich) of gardening in England.

10 . 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Throughout history, Chinese sword (剑) culture continuously enriched with time. The sword is known as     1     “ancestor of short weapons”

Chinese swords took shape in the Shang Dynasty. Until China’s Spring and Autumn Period, the sword remained the mainstream weapon on the battlefield.     2     (use) by ancient kings and nobles, the sword was a symbol of power and dignity. They often presented swords as a form of friendship. In the Spring and Autumn Period, Ji Zha, ambassador (使节) of State Wu, passed State Xu on his way to Jin and Lu. The king of State Xu fell in love with Ji Zha’s sword. However, it was hard to ask for it. Ji Zha decided     3     (gift) the sword to him, but when he returned, the king had been     4     (die). To keep his promise, Ji Zha     5     (hang) his sword on the tree in front of the king’s tomb. Ji Zha’s story later represented a gentleman’s trustworthiness.

In the Han Dynasty, sword culture among the literate     6     (gradual) rose. They wore and danced with swords,    7     this showed their proficiency in literature and martial arts. In modern times, sword culture, as a part of traditional Chinese martial arts,     8     (face) the challenge of weak inheritance (遗传).

In recent years, sword culture has developed again     9     the rise of traditional Chinese culture. As one of the Chinese     10     (nation) traditional “brands”, sword culture plays a role in strengthening physical fitness and promoting virtue.