1 . Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. avoided     B. processed     C. suited     D. equal     E. steer    F. interfere G. understandably     H. concentration     I. thirst     J. cabin    K. unsettle

Eating on a plane used to be common practice. But in the age of COVID-19, many passengers are     1     less inclined to remove their masks to take a mid-flight bite ― or to even have a snack at the airport.

As a result, it’s more common to eat at home before embarking on a flight. Those with longer travel journeys may even eat a large meal to carry them through the day. Still, not all preflight eats are created     2    .

Tracy Lockwood Beckerman, a registered dietitian based in New York City, said it’s worth considering your overall health as you prep for travel, including what you eat and drink. “It’s important to eat foods that will keep your immune system strong, keep you hydrated and are easily digested before flying,” Beckerman said.

So, which foods are best     3     on a day when you’re traveling by plane?

“It’s super common for dehydration to set in when flying, thanks to the lack of humidity and dry air in the     4    ,” Beckerman said. “That’s why it’s not the smartest to have a meal high in sodium (钠) the day before or morning of your flight.” Beckerman also advised going easy on the salt shaker, opting for snacks without added salt to avoid dehydration-related headaches.

Alcohol consumption tends to cause dehydration and has a different effect on the body than if you were to have a drink at ground level due to the low pressure in the cabin and the low oxygen     5     in blood. Therefore you are more likely to get drunk faster and urinate frequently.

A cup of coffee can leave you dehydrated in an already dry environment and coffee also has a mild diuretic effect, which can lead to more frequent trips to the bathroom.

Beyond the dehydrating effects, caffeine can also keep you awake during a flight, which is often an opportunity to catch up on sleep. The need for more frequent bathroom visits can also     6     with your ability to doze during your travels.

If you have a sensitive stomach, you might want to     7     clear of foods that can mess with your digestion. That includes highly     8     snacks like candy and fast food, which often contain ingredients that could     9     your digestive system.

A balanced meal that satisfies your     10     with water and hydrating fruits contains moderate amounts of complex carbohydrates and lean protein, and is low in added sugars and sodium is ideal.

2 . Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. conclusive     B. indiscriminate     C. awe     D. favourable     E. uninhabitable     F. address G. advocating     H. agenda     I. attain     J. conventional     K. odds

The world has warmed more than one degree Celsius since the Industrial Revolution. The Paris climate agreement hoped to restrict warming to two degrees. The     1     of succeeding, according to a recent study based on current emissions trends, are one in 20. If by some miracle we are able to limit warming to two degrees, we will only have to negotiate the extinction of the world’s tropical reefs,     2     the sea-level rise of several meters and abandon the Persian Gulf. The climate scientist James Hansen has called two-degree warming “long-term disaster”, which is now the best-case scenario. Four-degree warming will mean “short-term disaster”: Europe in permanent drought; vast areas of China, India and Bangladesh claimed by desert; the American Southwest largely     3    .

In the decade that ran from 1979 to 1989, we had an excellent opportunity to solve the climate crisis. The world’s major powers came within several signatures of     4     a global framework to reduce carbon emissions — far closer than we’ve come since. During those years, the conditions for success could not have been more     5    . The obstacles we blame for our current inaction had yet to emerge. Almost nothing stood in our way — nothing except ourselves.

Nearly everything we understand now about global warming was understood in 1979. Human beings have altered Earth’s atmosphere through the     6     burning of fossil fuels. At the start of the 1980s, scientists within the federal government predicted that     7     evidence of warming would appear on the global temperature record by the end of the decade, at which point it would be too late to avoid disaster. A report prepared by the National Academy of Sciences advised that “the carbon-dioxide issue should appear on the international     8     in a context that will maximize cooperation and minimize political controversy and division.” If the world had adopted the proposal widely supported at the end of the ‘80s, warming could have been held to less than 1.5degrees.

But they failed, even though the world’s leading oceanographer Henry Stommel and the Harvard planetary physicist Richard Goody, whose mere presence could inspire     9    , tried to warn humanity of what was coming. They risked their careers in a painful campaign to solve the problem, first in scientific reports, later through     10     avenues of political persuasion and finally with a strategy of public shaming. Their efforts were passionate and they failed. Now it is our turn.

3 . Directions: Complete the following passages by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Do note that there is one word more than you need in each passage.

A. functions       B. eventually       C. guess       D. defeated       E. matches       F. silently G. concerned       H. interaction       I. consult       J. suitable       K. feedback

Teaching and learning languages is a challenging endeavour at the best of times. It is easy for learners to feel     1    , thus keeping up learners’ motivation and confidence is one important role of language teachers. In the teaching and learning of writing this concern is even more important. Many teachers, researchers and learners agree that learning to write is the most difficult of all language skills. In addition to being difficult, writing lacks the     2     involved in speaking and listening. Therefore, many learners also find writing to be the least interesting skill. When we think of writing, we may imagine someone sitting alone at a desk     3     with their head down. Writing is seen as a solitary activity.

Language cannot be learnt without plenty of practice. According to Swain’s output hypothesis, when students produce language in speaking or writing they notice gaps in their current knowledge; for example, ideas or concepts for which they do not know the English vocabulary, and     4     which they are unable to perform because of gaps in their grammatical knowledge. After noticing such gaps, they find information about how to express such ideas in English. For example, they may search in their dictionary for appropriate words,     5     a grammar book, search online, or ask a question of a teacher. This contributes to breadth in learner’s knowledge of English.

Once they have found a(n)     6     word or grammatical form, they participate in hypothesis testing; they formulate language to communicate what they would like to communicate, making their best     7     at the appropriate form for the meaning they would like to convey. For example, they select the word in the dictionary that they believe     8     their intended meaning most closely, then they consider how the word is used within a sentence. They use this information to create language to express themselves. This contributes to a learner’s depth of knowledge.

Ideally, learners will receive     9     on the language they have produced. Whether or not they are successful in communicating their ideas at their first attempt, they may use the words or grammatical knowledge again in future language output. This continuing hypothesis testing about language leads the learner to     10     figuring out all aspects of the new language items, and those items are then added to the learner’s language repertoire.

Quoted from Rachael Ruegg’s Teaching and Learning Writing in ESL/EFL

4 . Directions: Complete the following passages by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Do note that there is one word more than you need in each passage.

What My Wife and I Talk about When We Talk about Love

A. company       B. weather       C. desirable       D. restore       E. readily       F. considering G. sharpen       H. hesitation       I. peacefully       J. access       K. inconvenience

My wife used to believe that romantic love is the most important and exciting thing in the entire world when she was a teenager. And the mark of true love is when two good-looking boys get in a physical fight over her. It’s even     1     that they both get injured but don’t end up going to hospital, not because she is worried about them but because it may cause her a lot of     2     and indirect responsibility. One day this will certainly happen to her, if she’s lucky. So you might understand her anger and frustration when I told her that if the other male competitor I have to “fight” with weighs more than 100 kilograms, I will simply hand her over to him without     3    , wish them a happy marriage and walk away with the feeling that tomorrow is another day.

Fortunately, we’ve both grown a lot older and grown out of expecting our life partner to “die” for us     4    . The older we get, the more honest, open and vulnerable we allow each other to be. One of the hardest things about getting older and being in love is knowing when something is just reality and when it’s too much hard work. Identifying what the calm, joyful but often challenging sensation of long-term love is and identifying what has just become totally intolerable is where we all have to really     5     our instincts.

Shared interests are one of the most overrated     6     factors when it comes to choosing a partner. Deciding that someone is a good person, or your soulmate, or made of exactly the same stuff as you just because you both love the music of Faye Wong is ridiculous. Having the same Agatha Christie collection or enjoying most of the movies directed by Richard Linklater will not help you     7     the various unexpected storms of life together.

A much more crucial factor in terms of finding a partner is how much you love their     8    . Since my son was born, I have experienced firsthand how overwhelming it is to be a working parent of a newborn. It has become even more apparent to me that the most important thing in a relationship is how well married couples work as a team. Couples need to be really, really good friends.

When you’re looking for love, and it seems like you might not ever find it, remember you probably have     9     to plenty of love already, just not the romantic kind. This kind of love might not kiss you in the rain or propose marriage. But it will listen to you, inspire and     10     you. It will hold you when you cry and celebrate when you smile. You can carry it with you and keep it as close to you as you can.

5 . 用方框内短语的适当形式填空。

judge from, turn out , be responsible for, remind… of …, make every effort to

1. The woman in the park ___________ to be a police officer in disguise.
2. ___________ the look on her face, she might have failed the exam.
3. It is reported that smoking ___________ about 90% deaths from lung cancer.
4. The government ___________ control the serious epidemic (流行病) situation now.
5. This photo ___________ me ___________ the details of the match.

6 . 选词填空

be annoyed at, be compared to, go up by, be addicted to, instead of, make excuses, get stuck in, traffic jam, stressed out, be related to

1. Our tense work can ____________ a battle.
2. Sometimes we choose to ____________ TV series or games to consume time.
3. ____________ applying herself to her lessons, Mary spends her time building a castle in the air.
4. To find methods for success but not ____________ for failure.
5. The cab drivers who knew about the ____________ switched to another road.
6. They can sometimes ____________ unusual disease or infection.
7. Your lover may ____________ your behaviour.
8. Production ____________ 25% this month.
9. That means vehicles fitted with them will not ____________ the valley.
10. If you are ____________, strive to lessen your burden.

7 . Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. appointed            B. sturdy                 C. skyrocket             D. tough             E. flock to F. at random            G. spark                  H. encounter             I. attach importance to J. critically             K. immerse

In the city of Shanghai, where the skyline reflects a blend of tradition and modernity, students face the     1     task of passing an English high school exam known for its challenging vocabulary and difficult comprehension. This examination not only tests linguistic skills but also demands a deep understanding of words in the English language.

As students dig deep into the examination, they come across a pool of words that demand both precision and creativity. The English language, known for its practical nature, challenges candidates to remove confusion or ambiguity (歧义) and present ideas with clarity. The ability to express thoughts with vivid imagery becomes a key skill when students     2     themselves in crafting essays.

The exam is not designed     3     ; instead, it follows a structure that needs students to     4     carefully. So it requires a cautious approach with great attention to details.

The students, armed with a large vocabulary and grammatical finesse read through comprehension passages that     5     intellectual curiosity. The     6     time for the test becomes a crucial factor, as candidates strive to show their linguistic techniques within the limited test time.

Science and finance become the common themes in the exam’s reading comprehension section. Students may     7    passages that require adequate knowledge of science or finance, challenging them to interpret the professional ideas in the text.

The exam’s difficulties     8     when it requires great language skills. In a globalized world, where communication crosses borders, the ability to carry one’s language proficiency (熟练度) like a portable tool becomes essential. Students are tested not only on their academic knowledge but also on their real-world language application.

Due to the linguistic challenges, students     9     preparation classes, seeking guidance from experienced educators who specialize in decoding the complexities of the exam of high risks. In many parent’s mind, these educational opportunities become invaluable as students absorb strategies to cope with the English language examination.

In conclusion, the Shanghai English high school exam is a proof of the city’s pursuit for academic excellence. In the future, these students carry with them the     10     foundation laid during their preparations for the challenging examination, and also a lifelong love for the English language.

8 . 从方框中选择正确的词或词组（3个多余），用其正确的形式完成句子。

determine     strong       equal       history       when       fly       healthy       attack     destroy     establish impress       sweep away       other than       more than       be responsible for       focus on     remind of     in shock

1. I’m not outgoing so I’m a little anxious right now. I want to make a good first ________.
2. I know I’ll have to study harder as a senior high school student and get used to________a lot more.
3. But spending too much time online is unhealthy and makes it very difficult________other things in life
4. Inca builders cut stones to exact sizes so that nothing was needed to hold walls together________ the perfect fit of the stones.
5. It’s amazing that there are _________8000 statues, and no one in modern times knew about them until the 1970s
6. When the Chinese team was preparing for the 2015 World Cup, her_________was tested
7. Jordan’s skills were impressive, but the mental________that he showed made him unique.
8. By being positive about myself and my body, I became both happier and________.
9. People were ________—and then, later that afternoon, another big quake shook Tangshan again.
10. Fishermen, tourists, hotels, homes, and cars________by huge waves caused by the strong earthquake that reached a magnitude of 9.0
11. When our relationship is close and we’re________, I only need a few words to bridge the gap between us.
12. A short________ from Cusco takes you from the Andes into the Amazon rainforest.
13. After that, a committee________to limit damage to the Egyptian buildings and prevent the loss of the cultural relics.
14. They also hope to further educate people about the importance of safeguarding________and cultural relics for future generations to understand and appreciate.
15. Zhaxi and other volunteers watched over the antelopes day and night to keep them safe from________.

9 . Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one more word than you need.

A. concern              B. beneficial              C. original              D. striking       E. deliver        F. positive              G. initial                    H. converted              I. master              J. ties              K. put

AMERICAN SINGER-SONGWRITER Lauv has released a new Korean version of his single “Love U Like That,” created with the help of AI voice technology. He enlisted the help of the Korean singer Kevin Woo, who aided with the translation of the song and recorded vocals.

Kevin’s voice singing the translation was recorded first. It was then arranged to match the sound     1    . AI voice technology was then used to match Lauv’s voice, and Kevin’s Korean version was     2     into Lauv’s voice.

“To help them build the model of my voice, I sent over a bunch of raw vocals that were just me singing in different registers (声区),” Lauv said. “It was very interesting to hear my voice like that. I gave a couple of notes-very minor things-after hearing the     3     version. And then they went back and made some modifications (修改).”

Lauv is the first major Western artist to jump on the AI translation bandwagon (加入潮流). He wants the new translated version of “Love U Like That” to be a way of showing his love to his Korean fan base. Although large numbers of fans around the world listen to English music musicians have noticed that some international audiences are increasingly turning their interest back to music in their local language - a trend they have nicknamed “Glocalization.” As a result, some AI voice synthesis (合成) companies are working to     4     translation. English-speaking artists can now join this growing movement and establish closer     5     with international fans.

It is an important moment for the music business. A series of deepfake (深度伪造) songs that mimic the vocals of real stars have caused a stir. The most     6     example is the one claimed to be sung by two major artists, Drake and The Weekend. At the same time, it is also becoming very clear that not all uses of AI in music are a cause for     7    . An artist’s “voiceprint” can also be used in a/an     8     way. Earlier this month, we saw The Beatles release their final song “Now and Then” (an instant No.1 chart hit, unsurprisingly), an AI-assisted salvage (抢救) of the voice from a 40-year-old cassette recording. AI tech can indeed enhance musicians’ work and     9     a positive contribution to the future of music.

In an interview, Lauv also touched on his openness about the use of AI in music. “I truly believe that the only way forward is to embrace what is possible now, no matter what. I think being able to embrace a tool like this is     10    . And being able to get artists paid is great,” he said.

10 . Directions: Fill in the blank with a proper word chosen from the box: Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. dramatic   B. concerns   C. frequently   D. threats   E. revealed F. emerge   G. previously   H. keep   I. deepened   J. native   K. exist

The reason for the mysterious deaths of hundreds of elephants

When hundreds of African savanna elephants dropped dead in Botswana’s Okavango Delta in 2020, conservationists were alarmed. As the death toll rose — from dozens in March to more than 350 animals by July — their     1     increased, especially because nobody knew what was happening. A short time later, the mystery     2     when 34 more individuals of the endangered species died across the border in northwestern Zimbabwe in a three-week period, with one more found in November. “It was very quick,” says Chris Foggin, a vet who examined the elephant carcasses (尸体) in Zimbabwe. “That was so     3    .”

African savanna elephants     4     to this area represent the majority of what’s left of that species. Around 350,000 African savanna elephants remain, and given the already significant     5     to their survival, a new disease could be what tips that last domino towards extinction.

Now, new research published recently in Nature Communications points to a bacterium not     6     found in elephants of any species, called Bisgaard taxon 45, that causes a massive systemic blood infection called septicemia. “It’s a disease we know can kill a reasonable number of elephants in a short space of time,” says Foggin, co-leader of the study. And “it has the potential to kill a lot more given the right circumstances.” What those are, however, remains unknown — yet it’s pressing to find out. Aerial population surveys in KAZA in 2022 found a high number of new elephant carcasses. The examination     7     the elephants had enlarged livers and spleens, as well as internal bleeding in multiple organs — signs of septicemia (败血症).

However, scientists still don’t know how widespread Bisgaard taxon 45 is, or if the bacteria     8     as a normal group of bacteria within elephants and other animals. “We’re assuming it’s probably present more     9     than we’ve known, without causing disease, but we don’t have proof of that,” Foggin says. It’s possible environmental stressors, such as heat and lack of food and water, may have led Bisgaard taxon 45 to multiply and cause the septicemia in the Zimbabwe elephants. With much of Africa predicted to get hotter and drier, the bacterium “could cause much worse mortalities down the line,” says Foggin. That’s why, he says, “it is important to     10     monitoring elephant deaths and see if it’s responsible.”