1 . A recent study suggests there's nothing soft about pink, as it is revealed that the pinkest flamingos are the toughest. Published in the Journal Ethology, a recent study found that a pink color of feathers was a good indicator of how aggressive a bird was when feeding, as well as a sign of good health or a signal that the bird was ready to breed(繁育）.
For the study, researchers observed the behavior of flamingos in different feeding situations, ranging from small indoor spaces to large outdoor spaces, with or without a pool.
They found that compared to indoor birds competing for food from a bowl, the outdoor-raised flamingos spent twice as much as time searching for food, so they had less time to show aggressive behaviors. Interestingly, their findings also revealed that when the race for food turned hot, the birds most likely to appeal to arms were the pinkest, whether they were male or female.
“The color of flamingos comes from their food, more specifically, from the algae(藻类）that they absorb from water. So the more food they have, the pinker the birds are,” said Dr. Paul Rose, from the University of Exeter, in a statement. “Flamingos live in large groups with complex structures, in which color plays an important role.”
Flamingos don't have a breeding season. Instead, they breed when they are healthy enough to do so. Their health is indicated by the color of the feathers, which is pinker in their prime and paler when they weak. So, the signal that a bird is ready to breed is described as a pink flush in its feathers, which goes away when the bird parents a chick or already passes its best reproductive time.
A healthy pink flamingo will have more time and energy to be aggressive and dominant when feeding. When birds have to crowd together to get their food, they fight more and therefore spend less time feeding, leading to the fading color of flamingos that are already weak. “And this definitely is unfavorable for their reproduction,” Rose said.
The research provides a direction for zoos to feed their flamingos and keep them content and colorful. That is, ensure captive birds are fed in a wide space, as crowded conditions are more likely to result in fights. “Based on my observations, I suggested some changes. And the keepers were willing to try them out. As a result, we've got pinker, more relaxed flamingos," said Dr. Rose.
1. What's the purpose of the author by writing Paragraph 1?| A．To propose an example. |
| B．To make an argument. |
| C．To make a comparison. |
| D．To introduce the topic. |
| A．Health condition. |
| B．Social structures. |
| C．Feeding activities. |
| D．Breeding activities. |
| A．Body size determines status. |
| B．Family is taken as a basic unit. |
| C．Healthy flamingos control the whole group. |
| D．Pinker flamingos enjoy a breeding advantage. |
| A．Enlarging the raising space. |
| B．Raising all flamingos indoors. |
| C．Limiting the population of a group. |
| D．Increasing the frequency of providing food. |
2 . Teen volunteering is valuable experience, where you see parts of the world you’ve never seen before, make new friends with locals and fellow participants, and learn what you cannot experience in school. Below are some of the most popular teen volunteer programs.
Broadreach Global Summer Adventures
Boradreach partners with schools to offer teens more exploration, learning and discovery. Teens have the chance to join local organizations to provide medical health care for villagers in Ecuador and help with sea turtle research in the Mediterranean. More importantly, they can earn college credits while gaining hands-on experience in the real world.
Dates: 12—31 days in June, July and August
Phone: 919-256-8200
VISIONS Service Adventures
Visions summer programs work on meaningful services, full cultural involvement and open-minded exploration. Students volunteers work among Blackfeet and Northern Cheyenne people in Montana India Reservations and with local Athabascan in Alaska.
Dates: 2—4 weeks in July and August
Phone: 406-551-4423
Global Leadership Adventures
Volunteer to help children and make a difference to the lives of the youngest generation abroad. It gives teens the opportunity to take part in meaningful service projects that are designed to help the disadvantaged youth and the communities in which they live.
Dates: 21 days in June, July and August
Phone: +1858-771-0645
GoEco Teen Volunteering Abroad
We offer a series of wildlife or environmental projects abroad where teens will have the chance to improve their knowledge and skills. We also offer a few fantastic “under 18” projects which are designed specifically for teenagers.
Dates: 1 week—6 months during the whole year
Phone: +1646-240-4545
1. What can you do if you volunteer in Broadreach Global Summer Adventures?| A．Get medical experience. | B．Offer protection for animals. |
| C．Make friends around the world. | D．Work with local people in Alaska. |
| A．It provides special projects for teens under 18. | B．It gives help to some communities. |
| C．It allows teens to get credits. | D．It requires leadership skills. |
| A．919-256-8200. | B．406-551-4423. | C．+1858-771-0645. | D．+1646-240-4545. |
3 . In the early twentieth century, a group of investors led by Carl Fisher bought a large piece of land in rural Indiana and built a track on it for testing cars. In 1909, the owner held car races on the track, which became known as the Indianapolis Motor Speedway. Three years later, a 500-mile race was held there for the first time. This was the first Indianapolis 500, a race that is still run each year at the same location on America's Memorial Day.
Each year, between 200, 000 and 30. 0000 people attend the race. Many of them arrive Several days before the race begins. On land surrounding the track, they set up their tents or park their RVs, which are like traveling homes. By staying at the track, they are able to attend all of the activities that go into the Indianapolis 500 weekend.
On Memorial Day, the grandstands of the Indianapolis Motor Speedway are buzzing with excitement. People find their seats, fanning themselves against the harsh heat and marvel at the huge black oval track below. Moments later, a fleet of IndyCars rolls onto the track, arranging themselves in 11 neat rows of three. The growl of 33 revving engines rings in everyone's ears. The giant crowd cheers with one voice as the powerful cars take off from the starting line.
IndyCars are uniform (一致的) in their design. During a race, they reach speeds of over 260 kilometers per hour. Since the drivers must race for 500 miles, the race is quite long, lasting three to five hours. The resulting wear and tear (磨损) on each car is managed with pit stops. Despite safety measures, crashes take place during the race. Fortunately, they aren't often fatal.
1. How does the writer begin this article?| A．By tracing the origins of a competition. |
| B．By discussing the importance of a company. |
| C．By identifying the features of a vehicle. |
| D．By explaining the role of manufacturers. |
| A．Keep themselves cool. |
| B．Manage their businesses. |
| C．Arrange their next vacation. |
| D．Satisfy their hunger and thirst. |
| A．How many years they usually last. |
| B．How much their weight has increased. |
| C．How fast they're capable of going. |
| D．How often their prices are discounted. |
| A．They've broken laws on numerous occasions. |
| B．They seldom show respect for one another. |
| C．They're often unable to secure financial support. |
| D．They're taking part in a dangerous activity. |
4 . The joy of giving is real, according to a study. Research presented in the Journal of the Association for Psychological Science shows that those who give gifts are happier — and happier for longer — than those who receive gifts.
Researchers conducted two studies last year. In one，participants were given $5 every day for five days and were required to spend the money on the same thing each day. Some participants were required to spend the money on themselves, while others were required to give to make a donation to charity. In a second experiment that was done online, participants played 10 rounds of a word puzzle game and each won 5 cents per round, which they could keep or donate.
In both experiments, participants reported their overall happiness. Those who donated their money showed that their happiness declined at a much slower rate than those who kept the money or spent it on themselves.
The researchers note that when people focus on an outcome, they can easily compare outcomes, which may diminish their sensitivity to each experience. When people focus on an action, they may focus less on comparison and instead experience each act of giving as a unique happiness-inducing event. Further analyses ruled out some potential alternative explanations, such as the possibility that participants who gave to others had to think longer and harder about what to give, which could promote higher happiness.
The results are especially interesting because according to one of the researchers, Ed O’Brien of the University of Chicago Booth School of Business, they conflict with past research. “If you want to sustain happiness over time, past research tells us that we need to take a break from what were currently consuming and experience something new. Our research reveals that the kind of thing may matter more than assumed: Repeated giving, even in identical ways to identical other，may continue to feel relatively fresh and relatively pleasurable the more we do it,” O’Brien said.
So for all the holiday gifts you give this season, expect to feel happy and know that feeling is going to stick around for a while.
1. What’s the function of the first paragraph?| A．To lead to the topic. |
| B．To highlight the importance of the study. |
| C．To recommend a journal. |
| D．To persuade people to give gifts regularly. |
| A．To challenge the past research. |
| B．To rule out different experimental data. |
| C．To show the benefits of donation. |
| D．To make the conclusion more convincing. |
| A．Develop. | B．Show. | C．Reduce. | D．Lack. |
| A．Gift giving will result in longer happiness than receiving. |
| B．Thinking longer and harder on giving will promote higher happiness. |
| C．The feeling of happiness will disappear soon if people just give holiday gifts. |
| D．Taking a break from what were currently consuming will sustain happiness. |
5 . The world has seen many inventions. While most people are proud of those associate with their names, there are things making inventors feel the other way.
The pop-up (弹出) advert, by Ethan Zuckerman
Pop-up ads are convenient for those who are interested, but most people get annoyed when they are on computers. They may contain computer viruses. Just as we would blame the inventor, the man humbly accepted his invention isn’t one of the best. In his essay, Zuckerman wrote about the most hateful thing, “I wrote the code to launch the window and run an ad in it.”
The emoticon, by Scott E. Fahlman
Emoticons began to occupy screens crazily in 2011 and gained great popularity, especially with young men. It had been four years since Fahlman first used a “smiley face” in a computer message. He created the emoticon as a joke marker. But things are different. “It has gone to places I don’t approve of,” he complained to The Wall Street Journal in 2013. “It shouldn’t have been created.”
The office cubicle (隔间), by Bob Propst
In 1968, Bob Propst came up with the idea office cubicles, something that “would build a futuristic and tidy office style with no real walls or doors and provide a more comfortable environment”. But the man has come to hate what he has invented, as Propst recalled to Fortune at age 80, “They’ve changed and just become cubicles”.
The K-Cup, by John Sylvan
It seems everyone has a Keurig coffee maker for K-Cups. John Sylvan invented the K-Cup, aimed at facilitating office life of white-collar workers. Now it’s common in houses and companies. However, the single-serve plastic coffee cups aren’t eco-friendly. “I feel bad sometimes that I ever did it”, Sylvan admits. But! Good news for Mr. Sylvan: Keuring now offers varieties of recyclable K-Cups.
1. When was the emoticon invented?| A．In 2007. | B．In 2009. | C．In 2011. | D．In 2013. |
| A．The pop-up advert. | B．The emoticon. | C．The office cubicle. | D．The K-Cup. |
| A．They benefit human life greatly. |
| B．Their creators are blamed by the public. |
| C．Their inventors feel regretful. |
| D．They are very popular with young people. |
Henry once worked in a middle school in a remote area. He loved to teach the teenagers. He worked to understand what his students were thinking and feeling in order to meet their needs. When a student was struggling, he would work harder to show the child that he or she was capable and cared for. He would try everything in order to help every student achieve success in and out of the classroom. But he would never discover that the impact his small act of kindness had on one student after he left the profession to join the navy,
Henry was teaching science then, there was one girl who sat at the front of the class and was filled with typical middle school pain and anxiety. Her name was Mary. She was a newcomer then. She wasn't accepted by the classmates that soon. She was quiet and kept to herself and always writing a journal during lessons. Henry was looking for a chance to give her a hand but had realized this task was tough.
That class Henry decided to look over her shoulder and see what she was writing. On a small piece of paper he saw the painful words “I am not good enough. I'm ugly. I’m stupid. No one likes me. I hate myself.” The girl was absorbed in her loneliness and sadness and didn't realize she was overseers.
This task was more challenging because he had never seen a young girl was so disappointed and sad. Great teachers knew that putting extra effort, a kind heart and soul into caring for his students made all the difference. Without thinking, Henry snatched (一把抓起) the notebook from her and started writing in it “You're great, you're beautiful, you're intelligent, you're loved”. The opposite of everything she wrote, then handed it back. He smiled at her with encouragement saying nothing.
Mary was surprised at her teacher's behavior. But when she read the words he wrote, tears welled down her face.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右。
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Several weeks later, Henry had to left the school to join the navy.
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Several years later, when Henry was walking, a woman asked him whether he remembered her.
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7 . This Father’s Day certainly seems different to me. My
I’m a photographer and have to travel frequently.
On our first day of freedom after two months of isolation, I discovered Diego had lost his familiarity with
The pandemic allowed me to take the time to
| A．knowledge | B．promise | C．experience | D．performance |
| A．Gradually | B．Hopefully | C．Strangely | D．Luckily |
| A．enjoyed | B．cleared | C．searched | D．decorated |
| A．due to | B．regardless of | C．along with | D．instead of |
| A．confused | B．delighted | C．embarrassed | D．surprised |
| A．communication | B．relationship | C．cooperation | D．satisfaction |
| A．people | B．society | C．nature | D．art |
| A．afraid | B．fond | C．aware | D．ashamed |
| A．beach | B．museum | C．streets | D．mountains |
| A．branches | B．generations | C．categories | D．divisions |
| A．reflect | B．impress | C．count | D．comment |
| A．bring up | B．show off | C．pass on | D．write down |
| A．imagine | B．forget | C．regret | D．miss |
| A．gained | B．spared | C．wasted | D．saved |
| A．wife | B．son | C．father | D．mother |
10 . You’re faced with a lot of decisions in everyday work. There are multiple tasks calling for your focus, and you are burning daylight or even burn out trying to decide what comes first.
If you’re going to think smarter about how you prioritize (排序) tasks, you have to invest a little time away from your to-do list. Here’s the thing: what you work on confirms your values. You may think it’s no big thing to work overtime for a little while, but something will be sacrificed with this decision. If you’re a parent, you might spend less time with your kids. Similarly, if you choose not to work much or effectively, you’re deciding that your values lie outside your career.
Write all the tasks down and create four boxes containing all of things you care about. This could be: helps the community, helps one-to-one relationships, makes money, and things you find personally fulfilling. Then place them in the boxes and see how many of the boxes each one takes up. Anything that fills just one box has to be reconsidered. Anything that fills nothing should not be considered at all.
In order to figure out a plan for yourself, the first thing you should be doing is gathering all of your tasks, large and small.
Now that you have your priorities in order, go ahead and you will boost your productivity.
| A．You can also prioritize based on energy levels. |
| B．The good news is that some tasks can keep you motivated. |
| C．So how can you figure out what’s most important to work on first? |
| D．This activity allows you to see where you really want to invest your energy. |
| E．If you want to make a new list, you need to turn to your colleagues for help. |
| F．There are some tasks that are pretty straightforward and you need to do the thing. |
| G．Where you invest your time is not just about what you value but also what you don’t value. |
