1 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Your food is at its best when it’s on your plate, ready     1     (enjoy). It’s perfect in your fridge, ready to be used, or stored in the freezer for another time. It’s at its     2     (bad) when it’s in your bin.

Saving food     3     (mean) saving money, but look at the bigger picture, too.     4     (reduce) food waste is good for the planet, as it helps slow down     5     (globe) warming. By using up every edible bit of your food, you’re doing your bit to look after the environment.

The average family of four can save just over £60 per month by reducing their food waste.     6     you’re doing the food shop or ordering a meal at a restaurant, every     7     (decide) is an opportunity to save food from the bin. If you don’t want a side salad, ask for your meal     8     it. If you won’t make good use of the extra portion, don’t be tempted by it. And if you can’t finish your main, ask for a doggy bag! Food is made to be loved, so that’s     9     we should do.

We believe that every person has a part     10     (play) in reducing food waste and looking after the planet. The time is now, and the answer is simple: love food, hate waste.

2 . Lack of sleep is a common problem in the modern society that affects both young people and adults.     1     But consistent lack of sleep leads to drowsiness throughout the day and obesity.

In fact, staying awake for 24 hours causes reduced hand-to-eye coordination.     2     Lack of sleep in school-aged children is often linked to emotional difficulties like depression and poor performance.

    3     The reason is that the brain has difficulties reading facial expressions and interprets most faces as threatening. As such, these individuals are less likely to engage in conversations with others and may be very annoying. Extreme deprivation of sleep causes victims to avoid social interactions altogether.

Lack of sleep also leads to increased emotional reactivity, making people quick to judge, short-tempered, and emotionally changeable.     4     It explains why victims are less good at managing their emotions when working. A study conducted on medical residents showed that sleeplessness directly affected their mood as it reduced positive feelings. They also felt angry most of the time and displayed hostility and depression.

Additionally, loss of sleep affects how people react to positive experiences.     5     Lack of sleep also affects the subject’s local expressivity. As such he may exhibit negativity in speech by talking in flat, monotonic（单调的）tones.

A．Occasional sleep interruptions quickly disappear.

B．Old people are likely to suffer more from sleeplessness.

C．Lack of sleep causes people to become less social and lonely.

D．Sleeplessness also affects one’s ability to process emotional information.

E．Individuals who suffer the loss of sleep are likely to react negatively to bad situations.

F．It explains why lack of sleep increases the risk of accidents and injuries at the workplace.

G．They do not show a positive effect after making an achievement compared to individuals who have an adequate sleep.

3 . “You’re wrong about everything, Mom. I hate you. And I don’t like your hair either!” screamed my five-year-old child Amy while trying her best to hit me in the leg. Her screaming, which lasted an hour, was sparked when I asked her to put on her shoes so we could leave for the store. Luckily, this time, no one was hurt.

We call these behaviors (screaming, kicking, throwing things) hurricanes. She’ll grab me, trying to beat me and I’ll attempt to prevent her from hurting either of us. While she’s usually better-behaved in public, I’ve left the grocery store dragging my screaming daughter more times than I’d like to admit. At any given moment, my sweet child can change into something unrecognizable.

Like other parents of defiant (叛逆的) children, I was at a complete loss. It can be hard to know what’s causing our kids to act out, what steps are needed to stop the disruptive behavior and when to seek help. Nothing prepared me for parenting a defiant child, but, as I found out, the news isn’t all bad: There are solutions for families who have defiant children.

My daughter had been a pleasant, easy baby. Suddenly all that changed when she turned three. She destroyed books and wrote on walls (sometimes right in front of me), and when I tried to stop her, it would bring on another hurricane. I could use rewards, threaten consequences and take away prized toys and she still would refuse to do what I was asking. Occasionally, she’d comply (顺从) — it was so unpredictable.

Defiance is a spectrum. There are strong-willed kids who were just born that way, others who may be reacting to a short-term traumatic (创伤的) event, and kids who might be formally diagnosed as having a more extreme condition called ODD (Oppositional Defiant Disorder). According to a report, between one and 16 percent of children and adolescents have ODD. Boys with ODD are more likely to argue with adults and lose their tempers, while girls tend to lie and be uncooperative.

1. How does the author start the text?

A．By using quotations.	B．By stating a phenomenon.
C．By illustrating her life of a normal day.	D．By describing her daughter’s behaviors.

2. What can we know from the first two paragraphs?

A．Amy wanted her mother to buy her a toy.

B．Amy intended to hurt her mother heavily.

C．Amy wanted to go to the store with her mother.

D．Amy was annoyed and dragged her mother out of the store.

3. What made the author at a complete loss?

A．Not knowing how to parent her defiant child.

B．Being puzzled at where to seek help and how to.

C．Her daughter’s being different from other children.

D．The real cause of her daughter’s disruptive behaviours.

4. How would the author react when Amy refused to do what she was asked?

A．She beat Amy.	B．She let Amy alone.
C．She punished Amy.	D．She pointed out Amy’s mistake.

4 . Most people aren’t particularly fond of needles. But to a significant number of people, the fear of needles goes beyond anxiety into a more dangerous area, in which the fear prevents them from seeking out needed medical care.

And as the world’s hopes of returning to a post-pandemic normal rest largely on people’s willingness to take a COVID-19 vaccine (疫苗), experts and health care professionals are assuring those people that there are ways to overcome a fear of needles. Experts say it is a problem that can be overcome, whether the fear is keeping you from getting the vaccine or just causing your distress. Here are the steps they suggest taking.

A therapist (治疗师) can help people with the most severe fears, using some of the techniques that help people conquer other fears that can affect their lives. Dr. Chambless suggested working on your comfort levels by first looking at photos of needles, then photos of someone getting a shot, and working up to videos. In addition, a therapist can offer a fuller plan. If you can’t see a therapist, self-help books on overcoming fears could be a quicker choice, she said.

The whole thing will be over in seconds, and a distraction can help you get through it. It could be a YouTube video on your phone, or your favorite song playing. You could practice deep-breathing, or move your toes up and down, or look around and count all of the blue items you can see in the room.

The media can do its part by showing fewer images of people looking uncomfortable while a needle goes into their skin, which can increase feelings of anxiety, Dr. Rajapakse said. A good strategy is all of the positive photos appearing on social media of people holding their vaccination cards, she said. The more selfies (自拍), stickers and grateful posts people see, the more likely they are to associate the vaccine with positive feelings, she said.

1. What do experts think of the fear of needles?

A．It may result from anxiety.	B．There are ways to help get over it.
C．There’s no need to care about it.	D．It won’t stop people getting the vaccine.

2. What does the underlined word “distress” in Paragraph 2mean?

A．Suffering.

B．Tiredness.

C．Impatience.

D．Desperation.

3. Which of the following is suggested according to the text?

A．Self-help books are better than a therapist.	B．Counting can help focus attention.
C．Positive photos should be encouraged.	D．Having someone with you is a must.

4. From which is the text probably taken?

A．A research paper.

B．A health magazine.

C．A medical textbook.

D．A news report.

5 . Kimberly just wanted to make her mother’s dream a reality when she set out to take her to Orange Beach. Her mother, Dottie, wanted to feel the soft, warm ________ between her toes. Kimberly was ________ to make that happen for her.

The long-awaited ________ finally happened and Ms. Dottie was ________ to enjoy her day on the beach. ________, due to a sore wrist, Kimberly was having trouble ________ her mother’s wheelchair across the sand near their hotel.

The lifeguards ________ and jumped into action. Shane Martin, a lifeguard ________, went across to ask if they needed ________. Kimberly let Shane know that her mother would love to go down to the beach but couldn’t ________. The lifeguards put Dottie into a car and ________ her to some chairs under an umbrella. Shane easily lifted the woman and very carefully ________ her into one of the chairs.

As the days ________ the lifeguards started calling her “Ms. Dottie” and she ________ their attentiveness. Shane and the other lifeguards ________ Ms. Dottie and carried her to her chair where she could spend the day enjoying the ________. Kimberly never had to worry whether or not there would be ________ coming the next day because the ________ crew of lifeguards was always there to help.

Kimberly and her mother ________ several times to give the lifeguards a deserving tip. However, they refused to take one. “All the ________ we need is watching her smile,” the guards said.

1.

A．leaves

B．sand

C．blanket

D．waves

2.

A．astonished

B．grateful

C．curious

D．determined

3.

A．moment

B．argument

C．release

D．reunion

4.

A．confused

B．concerned

C．ready

D．impressive

5.

A．However

B．Therefore

C．Instead

D．Anyhow

6.

A．raising

B．moving

C．fixing

D．buying

7.

A．sighed

B．approached

C．noticed

D．approved

8.

A．in place

B．at sea

C．on board

D．on duty

9.

A．treatment

B．assistance

C．bargain

D．warning

10.

A．walk

B．rush

C．relax

D．resign

11.

A．lifted

B．invited

C．drove

D．returned

12.

A．threw

B．interviewed

C．honored

D．lowered

13.

A．came down

B．fell apart

C．caught up

D．went by

14.

A．indicted

B．appreciated

C．tested

D．observed

15.

A．picked up

B．called up

C．cheered up

D．gave up

16.

A．crowd

B．attention

C．view

D．course

17.

A．benefit

B．risk

C．rubbish

D．help

18.

A．kind

B．modest

C．thrilled

D．convinced

19.

A．meant

B．tried

C．hesitated

D．remembered

20.

A．power

B．pity

C．pay

D．credit

6 . Self-motivation requires effort, and here are several tips to help us stay motivated.

Setting goals. Our dreams are usually a bit vague. The first step to achieving a dream is to turn it into a series of goals.     1     Short-term and medium-term goals will be the stages on the road to the final goal.

Have self-belief. When you are faced with a setback, don’t just let it defeat you. Remember that you have already overcome other obstacles. Believe in yourself and your abilities.     2    

Money. Often our dreams will involve being successful in business and earning lots of money. Great.     3     However, while you are traveling the road to success, you will need to be financially secure. Being aware of a shortage of money can destroy motivation.     4     Before you start on your grand plan, try to make sure that you have an emergency fund set aside for those crises that will inevitably occur.

    5     Don’t let problems, difficulties or setbacks get you down. They are temporary and with a bit of effort and organization, they will be solved. Choose to stay happy, to be contented and motivated. Stay cheerful, and you will be easier to work with and others will be more likely to help you out. Remember that happiness should not be a final goal. It must be the way you lead your life.

A．Happiness is a choice.

B．So it’s easy to realize them.

C．There is no harm in thinking big.

D．A long-term goal will be the final dream.

E．Honestly speaking, you should form the habit of savings.

F．It adds to your stress and distracts you from your next goal.

G．You can solve the problem facing you because you have done it before.

7 . A new suburban neighborhood, Oberbillwerder, is being planned just 15-minute outside of Hamburg. It has all the facilities that most neighborhoods have except driveways and cars. Unlike typical American suburbs where houses have driveways and a garage, this community isn’t banning cars but you will not be able to park at home, and you may not want to drive at all.

Karres en Brands is a Dutch design company that is working with the Danish firm Adept on this new community that will have 7,000 homes and 5,000 office spaces. The new planned development will have schools, stores and offices that residents can walk or bike to on the green loops (圈) that connect the neighborhoods with public spaces.

The parking structures will feature ground level community spaces like gyms and indoor farming. These parking areas will also store and collect energy for the community and as demand for parking spaces decrease, the developers expect them to evolve into new structures.

Oberbillwerder will be an exciting urban area that will be built around the existing landscape and will include a series of canals in low lying areas. The water system will become one of the central qualities of the new community. This combines nature instead of blocking or changing it to fit a traditional neighborhood. The community will also be energy neutral and use the most environmental technologies including reusing waste water, green roofs, and farming space for residents who want to grow their own food.

The developers expect to break ground in 2025 and the entire project is expected to be completed by 2040 according to Fast Company. While most people will be driving electric cars by then, this urban plan is more about a more natural use of space and better quality of life rather than just about reducing greenhouse gases from car emissions.

1. What can residents do in the new planned community?

A．Drive cars.

B．Take buses.

C．Walk dogs.

D．Go biking.

2. What is the third paragraph mainly about?

A．The parking areas.

B．Ground spaces.

C．Parking decrease.

D．Indoor farming.

3. What can we infer from the fourth paragraph?

A．The existing canals will be kept.	B．Energy will be provided for free.
C．The water system will be a bright spot.	D．Growing food will be forbidden completely.

4. What’s the advantage for people to live in Oberbillwerder?

A．Live better.

B．Lower costs.

C．Have more water.

D．Rid car emissions.

8 . Jonas Deichmann started his round-the-world triathlon (铁人三项) in September 2020. He swam 456km in 54 days along the coast of Croatia, although he admits that he isn’t a great swimmer. “The swim had its good moments, but I don’t want to do it again,” he said.

Then he hopped on his bike —he’s better at that. Last week, the German athlete finished his 10,000km cycle across Russia to Vladivostok. Overall, his self-imposed triathlon covers 40,000km. He is trying to do it with a minimal carbon footprint. Over the distance of 120 Ironmans, he will not use a support vehicle. He will make his way across any oceans on sailboats.

As usual over the 16 months for many of us, COVID-19 restrictions threw a wrench into his travel plans. He wanted to cycle across the Balkans, through Turkey, then Russia, and China. From here, he was going to sail across the Pacific to San Francisco and begin running 5,040km across the U. S. to New York. He punctually cycled through the Balkans (巴尔干山脉), a substantial way across Turkey. But when he arrived in Istanbul in mid-December, he discovered that the coronavirus (冠状病毒) had closed the border between Istanbul and Russia.

A week into Siberia, he caught food poisoning at a truck stop. “I had a delicious dish with chicken and soon realized that this was a mistake,” he said. The next morning, he felt like he was going to collapse so he spent a day recovering.

He reached Vladivostok on May 18,2021. He is now trying to source a ride across the Pacific. From there, the next stage of his route is unclear. He was going to run across America but U. S. borders remain closed. He is now considering running 5,000km across Mexico from Tijuana to Cancun.

1. What does Jonas Deichmann value most during his triathlon?

A．Diets.	B．Fame.
C．Environmental protection.	D．Sceneries along the way.

2. What do the underlined words “threw a wrench into” probably mean in Paragraph 3?

A．Ruined.

B．Adopted.

C．Stressed.

D．Reduced.

3. Why was Jonas’ experience in Siberia mentioned?

A．He was fooled.	B．He was disappointed.
C．Diet was a challenge.	D．The truck stop was unsafe.

4. What was Jonas’ aim to achieve?

A．Reached the USA.	B．Ran across Cancun.
C．Settled in Vladivostok.	D．Swam across the Pacific.

9 . 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

Standing in the craft (工艺) store, I looked at the painting supplies in awe (敬畏). There were so many items that I had no idea where to start. I saw various tools for painting and several things I had no idea what to do with.

I held gift cards and coupons (优惠券) in my hand. My friends and family had asked what I wanted, and I was very clear this year. I had thought over the idea for months, but I would need supplies. Instead of replying modestly with“I’ll be happy with whatever you choose”, I said pointedly, “Gift cards for the craft store.”

“Are you sure this is what you want for your birthday?” my husband asked hesitantly.

“I’m very sure. I really want to give it a go,” I replied. I was smiling with anticipation (期盼). “I’ve never painted before, and I think it’s time to expand myself.”

He looked at me doubtfully and shook his head.

Truth must be told—this was a secret I’d kept for a while. Every day, he packed up for work and left. I would take care of my son and get him off to school, clean the house, go to the grocery shop and prepare dinner before they both walked in the door at the same time.

It had been a decade since I took any time to follow my own pursuits. I used to love to read; now my books collected dust from lack of time. I used to love to hike; now my boots sat neglected in the back of my closet. I used to love to sew, but my machine was in a state of disrepair for longer than I owned it.

I missed doing all those things, but somehow I never found my way back to them. I had become a drudge (苦工). I wanted excitement and creative expression, but mostly I wanted color.

I selected the most interesting supplies. “Are you really sure about this? I have a feeling you’re going to store all these in the back of a closet and never touch it again.” I almost listened to him. For a split moment, I doubted my commitment.

注意：
1.续写词数应为 150 左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Squaring up my shoulders, I marched myself to the checkout.

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

My hand rested on the handle of the vacuum (吸尘器), but I’d been staring at my painting tools far longer than I realized.

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

10 . 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
1. What is the woman doing?

A．Doing business.

B．Hosting a programme.

C．Eating in McDonald’s.

2. When did McDonald’s have 7,063 restaurants in the world?

A．In 1982.

B．In 1980.

C．In 1961.

3. Which are probably the most popular according to the man?

A．Sandwiches.

B．The milk shakes.

C．The French fries.

4. Who bought the name McDonald’s?

A．Richard.

B．Maurice.

C．Ray Kroc.