1 . If a pancake could dream, it might long for legs so it could jump off your breakfast plate in pursuit of a better, unchewed life. But legs aren’t necessary for something as flat as a pancake to jump around. A group of scientists have designed a pancake-shaped robot that can jump several times per second and higher than seven times its body height. The new robot named Hop, which swiftly jumps without feet, is an important contribution to the soft robotics.
Many ground robots move by rolling or walking. But it’s more efficient for robots to jump over obstacles (障碍物) than to go around them. Although jumping can offer some robots a competitive edge, engineering that ability has been a challenge for robotics researchers. Some soft robots that store energy can perform a single impressive jump very infrequently. Some lightweight soft robots that don’t store energy can jump frequently but can’t jump high or far enough to successfully cross an obstacle.
For inspiration, the researchers looked to gall midge larvae (瘿蚊幼虫) that miraculously throw themselves across distances 30 times as long as their loglike bodies. A gall midge larva bends its body and squeezes the liquid in its body to one end, making it rigid (僵硬的). The accumulation of liquid builds up pressure, and releasing the pressure sends it soaring (飙升). The robot’s body doesn’t resemble (像) that of a gall midge larva, but it jumps like one. Its body is made of two small plastic bags printed with electrodes; the front bag is filled with liquid and the back one is filled with the same volume of air. The robot uses electricity to drive the flow of liquid, which causes the body to bend and generate force with the ground, resulting in a jump. And the air bag imitates the function of an animal’s tail, helping the robot keep a stable position.
While the robot is currently restricted to Earth, it might be right at home exploring another planet. If this is true, the researchers robot might jump over dusty rocks and large holes on the moon or Mars, going where no pancake has gone before.
1. What does the author want to show by mentioning a pancake?A.A pancake’s dream to have legs is unrealistic. |
B.A robot is capable of serving a good pancake. |
C.A pancake-shaped robot can jump without legs. |
D.Research on pancakes advances our understanding of robots. |
A.Hop’s avoiding an obstacle. | B.Hop’s moving around by rolling. |
C.Hop’s performing one remarkable jump. | D.Hop’s jumping high and far continuously. |
A.They are shaped like logs. |
B.They have tails to change positions. |
C.They bend their bodies and increase force. |
D.They are filled with liquid and have rigid bodies. |
A.Intolerant. | B.Positive. | C.Indifferent. | D.Ambiguous. |
I am a proud mother of three children, my last little one being delivered in the middle of this pandemic (疫情). She was born in August and her name is Aida.
Shortly after having Aida, my mother-in-law Ann showed me something she learned from her friend’s mother in an art class she attended weekly, She had showed me how to knit (编织) a scarf.
I spent a lot of time breastfeeding my sweet little girl, so I had some extra time to do something with my hands throughout the day. I enjoyed making the scarf so I purchased tons of yarn (线) since it was winter. I wanted to make scarves for my three children as Christmas gifts.
There was a new family that moved in down the street. The only daughter of the family was Jane, a shy girl, aged 14, the same age of my oldest son David. It seemed that she came from a financially disadvantaged family, for she always wore old clothes. Worse still, in such cold days, she had no more clothes to wear and trembled with cold.
Due to the pandemic, society was thrown into crisis mode. Schools were closed, food supplies and deliveries were suspended and children were stuck at home. In such discouraging time, however, they became good companions, talking and playing at home or around the houses.
It was dreadfully cold this winter. Every time David came back from outside, with red face, he always cried, “Mum, it is freezing outside!” Then, he came over to see whether I finished the scarf. I could tell how impatient he was to wear my scarf sooner! I had to speed the project to satisfy his expectation. But David comforted me by saying he could wait a few days. What a kind and considerate boy he was! Then my great art project finally was accomplished on the morning ahead of Christmas.
注意:1.续写词数应为150词左右;
2.续写部分分为两段,每段的开头语己为你写好。
Paragraph 1: I wrapped the scarf around David’s neck.
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Paragraph 2: Later that day David came back saying Jane also deserved a scarf.
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3 . According to the National Federation of the Blind, fewer than l0 percent of the l. 3 million people who are legally blind in the Us are braille readers. But one woman has made a difference in their lives and my son’s life, too.
35 years ago, my son, Jared , was born blind. Fortunately , I learned about her life-changing organization when Jared’s teacher of the visually-impaired( 视力受损) introduced us to seedlings Braille Books for Children. It was founded by Debra Bonde, and although she did not plan to start a nonprofit back in l984, she ended up helping blind children all over the world.
A shy woman, Debra just wanted to find a volunteer job she could do without having to talk to anyone. So , she signed up for a braille transcription(转录) class in the hope of translating books into braille in the basement of her Detroit home.
Debra began transcribing popular children’s books, like “Oh, The Thinks you Can Think” , printing them on a braille printer and selling them for just the cost of the paper.
Word spread among parents and teachers of blind children, and demand grew for more of her books. Friends helped her to form a nonprofit so she could start getting grants(拨款) and donations to help with production costs. She named it seedlings Braille Books for Children because she believes that if you give a child a book, the love for reading will grow. That first year, she printed 22l books. Seedlings has produced and distributed more than 600 ,000 books across the world so far. They give half of their books away for free. The other half are sold for an average price of only 10 dollars each, about half the cost of producing them.
As a mother, I appreciated that seedlings provided “ typical ” experiences for Jared in school. Seedlings supplied braille books to the libraries of the school Jared attended so he could check out books just like his sighted classmates. Since books from seedlings were affordable, it was possible to have a home library. Without the childhood skills seedlings provided to Jared, he would not have a job as a software engineer now.
1. How did the author get to know the organization seedlings Braille Books for Children?A.From Jared’ s teacher. |
B.From the library. |
C.From her friend. |
D.From other parents. |
A.To make a living. | B.To read more braille books. |
C.To do volunteer work alone. | D.To start anon-profit organization. |
A.Talented and social. | B.shy and generous. |
C.Helpful and brave. | D.Mild and neat. |
A. The author lived an easy and rich life. |
B.Jared got along well with all his classmates. |
C.The author attached importance to her son’s reading. |
D.Jared will spread the skills he learned during his childhood. |
4 . One of the most memorable volunteering moments for me was when I received a call from another volunteer who works for the Metropolitan Police.
“Loraine, I’ve found a pair of false teeth in the back of my car... What do I do?”
“Well, give them back. I assume they aren’t yours? Who did you take home after the tea party?”
“Er, Peggy, Joan and Alan...”
“Well, there’s your answer.”
“What do you mean? What should I do?”
“Well, you’re the detective!”
I’m 62 now and always planned to volunteer with older people when I retired. I knew there was such a big gap in the care and support this generation receives and I found the thought heartbreaking – no one should have to feel lonely and stuck at home.
Since I started volunteering three years ago, my team of volunteers have set up seven groups in our town. We host tea parties for those aged 75 and older who live on their own and regularly provide support, friendship and companionship for the most isolated (孤独的) older people in the community.
Working with my older neighbors is rewarding. To hear their stories and the hardships they have overcome is inspiring. I feel like I’m making a positive difference to the lives of older people by sharing my time with them, helping them stay active and social and making clear to them that they are valued by our community.
As an area coordinator (协调人), I also help recruit and manage volunteers, without whom none of the work would be possible. So many go above and beyond what’s asked, giving their time, energy and kindness, just because they care. I’ve found so much enthusiasm from people wanting to make the lives of our older neighbors better, and they are a constant source of inspiration for me.
I’ve met so many amazing people from all walks of life. It’s one of the best things I’ve ever done and it’s enriched my life so much. I will keep focusing on reducing loneliness and isolation among the elderly and helping older people enjoy their twilight years the way that they deserve.
1. Why does the author mention the call in the first few paragraphs?A.To introduce a volunteer she works with. | B.To explain why she started volunteering. |
C.To show that she enjoys her volunteer work. | D.To describe a problem that older people often face. |
A.It is meaningful. | B.It gives her confidence. |
C.It is challenging. | D.It reduces her loneliness. |
A.Their people skills. | B.Their creativity. | C.Their optimism. | D.Their passion. |
A.Helping a neighbor out. | B.Making lives less lonely. |
C.Embracing retirement. | D.Setting up a close-knit team. |
5 . In Florida’s Everglades, few species are more closely tied to the habitat’s health than an endangered bird, the snail kite. The Everglade snail kite is a raptor (猛禽), similar to a hawk, that eats just one thing: snails, a species that relies almost entirely on a resource usually abundant in the freshwater marshes (沼泽).
Over the last century, as much of the Everglades dried up, droughts contributed to the snail kite’s decline, and by 2007, there were fewer than 800 remaining. But the kite has bounced back recently thanks to an exotic (外来的) snail. It’s a rare case of an invasive species having a positive impact.
Robert Fletcher, a University of Florida professor who directs a snail kite monitoring program, said the invasive species was first spotted in 2004. Within a few years, it had expanded through much of the Everglades. “And it was around that time,” he said, “that we started to see snail kite number increase.”
No one’s sure about how the exotic snails were introduced into the Everglades. They’re related to Florida’s apple snails and are commonly used in home aquariums. The invader, the island apple snail, is larger than its Florida cousin. It lays eggs in the thousands in pink clusters visible on the stalks of many of the marsh plants.
Efforts to restore Florida’s Everglades have helped the snail kite and restored native vegetation. It’s been in the works for more than 30 years with a cost of more than $20 billion. But progress is increasing gradually, albeit hard to measure. In the meantime, scientists say the invasive snail may have helped pull Florida’s endangered snail kite back from the threat of extinction.
But Fletcher is concerned about the potential impact the species will have on the Everglades over the long term. He said, “What we should be thinking about is how we restore native snails to get those benefits rather than relying on this non-native species that can have damaging impacts on the ecosystem.” The invasive snails may already have caused losses to some native marsh plants, which indicates that trouble may come very soon.
1. What does the underlined phrase “bounced back” in paragraph 2 probably mean?A.Jumped. | B.Moved. | C.Recovered. | D.Returned. |
A.The loss of habitat. | B.The lack of food due to droughts. |
C.The increasing number of hawks. | D.The introduction of an invasive species. |
A.Their eggs are hard to spot. |
B.Aquariums are an ideal habitat for them. |
C.They are smaller than native apple snails. |
D.They quickly increased in population around the Everglades. |
A.Restoring the native ecosystem is costly and time-consuming. |
B.The invasive snails pose little threat to the local ecosystem. |
C.The benefits of the invasive snails outweigh the harms. |
D.Human efforts apparently have proven to be effective. |
6 . Would you drive around the world on a motorbike? Would you do it with a dog
Stone and Moxie are traveling the world together by
Moxie is a German shepherd who weighs 34 kilograms and is perfectly
Stone could not
But according to Stone, it’s totally
One thing Stone has noticed so far is that no matter which country or area they have gone through, the reaction to Moxie is
A.chasing | B.sitting | C.running | D.walking |
A.bicycle | B.car | C.motorcycle | D.tricycle |
A.take | B.cost | C.make | D.send |
A.comfortable | B.awkward | C.busy | D.natural |
A.behave | B.ride | C.compete | D.perform |
A.curious | B.cautious | C.grateful | D.fashionable |
A.consider | B.imagine | C.avoid | D.miss |
A.however | B.therefore | C.moreover | D.instead |
A.distributed | B.admitted | C.restricted | D.applied |
A.beyond | B.against | C.behind | D.worth |
A.apparently | B.eventually | C.ultimately | D.frequently |
A.picks | B.turns | C.rests | D.sets |
A.happy | B.upset | C.surprised | D.confused |
A.normal | B.crazy | C.universal | D.diverse |
A.works | B.matters | C.improves | D.challenges |
7 . What do people associate with the Metropolitan Museum of Art called the Met? For most, this New York museum is a treasure trove (宝库) of beautifully-scheduled artistic expression. After all, its collections include 1.5 million works of art from prehistory to the present.
But since September 9, 2023, as Hyperallergic reports, the Met is also the setting for a new, super-creative center for kids aged 3—11 and their families, named“81st St Studio”, which sets out to help children understand the materials used to make art. Coming in through the entrance, visitors see tree trunks, cardboard and a carved wooden screen among other examples. Visitors can participate in activities such as woodblock carving and drum making.
According to Heidi Holder, Chai r of the Met’s education department, there’s no contradiction in this new attempt. She recently said the Met is a science institution. As she explains, “We have three big parts of ourselves: our scientific research, our conservation and our art.” As Holder explains, even when objects created hundreds of years earlier come in, a scientific understanding of the materials used will help people better understand the art itself.
The exhibit is rich with art and science activities to encourage self-expression. There’re no traditional glass exhibition cupboards here. Instead, the 3,500-square-foot center is filled with seven stations that encourage visitors to explore them using all their senses. As Holder said, “It’s an open space where you can create your own path. You can learn at your own pace. You can take risks, be curious, have fun, and discover things.”
A music installation (装置), for instance, helps kids understand how materials influence sound. It consists of several creative music-making devices. Curious young visitors can pull open small, drawer like boxes. For example, an accordion lets out an airy sound as the opening and closing motion compresses (压缩) the air inside it.
In agreement with its ambitions to serve as a community center, the 81st St Studio is free to enter for children and their caregivers, no museum ticket required, during regular Met hours.
1. What is the purpose of the 81st St Studio?A.To encourage participators to be more creative. | B.To assist children in learning about art materials. |
C.To help children to create some works of art. | D.To ask people to concentrate on conservation. |
A.Approving. | B.Negative. | C.Uncaring. | D.Uncertain. |
A.The 81st St Studio has a limited space. | B.Kids will be faced with some difficulties. |
C.Lots of exhibits are not easy to discover. | D.Kids are free to explore the 81st St Studio. |
A.The Met Is Best for Art Education | B.Scientific Activities Are Based on Art |
C.Art and Science Can Meet for Education | D.Artistic Creation Comes from Inspiration |
1. 活动的时间和地点; 2. 活动内容。
注意:1. 词数100左右;2. 可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;
Dear John,
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Yours,
Li Hua
The velvet flower is a craft that uses mulberry silk to make the surface details with wire as the framework. The Beijing-style velvet flower making skill, which has a history of more than 300 years,
As a sixth-generation inheritor, Cai Zhiwei, 52, has always been thinking about how to better pass on and develop this 300-year-old skill. Cai
During the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic Games, the red and blue velvet flowers
10 . My phone is showing that little red low-battery bar, so I need to plug it in immediately or else lose my connection. What if I didn’t recharge — no, that would stress me out.
The 2022 American Psychological Association annual survey on stress showed a similar flashing red alert: More than a quarter of US adults are feeling overwhelmed by stress — paralyzed, even numb.
A study suggests that when people are under chronic stress for years, our mitochondrial enzymes (线粒体酶) weaken and our cells become prematurely aged.
Immerse yourself in green. Being in crowded and busy places sends our bodies signals of danger.
The bottom line is that we can break our daily stress habits and create more energy. We can feel ease and balance by letting go of unconscious stress. Life is short. It’s even shorter while living on half a battery.
A.Redirect attention from threats to sources of joy. |
B.Relieve yourself from tough work. |
C.Stress uses a tremendous amount of energy. |
D.Shift your environment according to your preference. |
E.Nature facilitates the opposite, calming our minds. |
F.But what if, besides recharging my phone, I took a few minutes to recharge myself? |
G.The good news is, when we feel positive emotions daily, our mitochondria speed up instead, producing lots of energy. |