Light pollution is a serious problem. This became completely obvious when the World Atlas of Artificial Night Sky Brightness, a computer-created map based on thousands of satellite (卫星) photos,     1     (publish) in 2016. The map shows how and where     2    (we) world is lit up at night. Large areas of North America, Europe, and Asia are glowing (发光) with light, while only the most remote (偏远的) places on Earth are in total darkness. Some of the most light-polluted    3     (country) in the world are Singapore, Qatar, and Kuwait.

Sky glow is the brightening of the night sky, mostly over cities, because    4    the electric lights of cars, streetlamps, offices, factories and buildings, turning night into day.

People     5     live in cities with high levels of sky glow have a hard time     6     (see) stars at night. Scientists are     7     (particular) worried about sky glow pollution as it influences their ability     8     (view) space.

According to research, more    9     80% of the world’s population, and 99% of Americans and Europeans, live under sky glow. It sounds pretty, but sky glow    10    (cause) by human activities is one of the most common forms of light pollution.

4 . China’s tea culture has undergone dramatic, changes in recent years. The appearance of new-style teas can be traced back to the cheap roadside milk tea stands of the 1990s. Most of these drinks were made from powdered mixes and contained neither fresh milk nor fresh tea. The base ingredients weren’t updated until the arrival of Taiwan-based brands like CoCo and A Little Tea in the 2000s, leading to innovations such as “cheese tea”. These businesses started the “Milk Tea 2.0” era, transforming the milk tea business from a mixture of small stands into a standardized and fast-moving industry.

But even as the Taiwan-centric “Milk Tea 2.0” revolution was sweeping the world, the seeds of its next evolution were already sprouting (发芽) on the Chinese mainland. In 2012, a 21-year-old man named Nie Yunchen opened a milk tea store in the small southern city of Jiangmen, where he sold milk tea. By 2020, Nie’s HeyTea had 695 stores worldwide; was worth an estimated, 16 billion yuan, and had attracted a large number of imitators.

The new brands made their mark, by offering a more diverse range of tea bases, often with extras like seasonal fruit sparkling water, cream cheese or nuts.

The viability (可行性) of this business model owes much to China’s widespread embrace of high-end consumerism. Jason Yu, general manager of the market research firm Kantar World panel China, told me that “mothers with refined tastes”, urban white-collar workers, and those born after 1990 are the main drivers of Chinas new-style tea market—and, more broadly, the consumer market as a whole. These groups tend to be defined by busywork and home lives, and they see upscale drinks like tea and coffee not only as a way to quench their thirst (解渴), but also as a source of comfort. In this sense, new-style teas are filling a psychological, rather than a physical need. Many tea brands are aware of this and they have sought to associate themselves with healthy and relaxed lifestyle through their marketing campaigns.

Another driver of new-style tea consumption, according to Yu, is the desire among young people to combine consumption with social activity. “The goal of consumption for this generation of consumers is socializing,” Yu, said “You rarely see a person drinking Hey Tea by himself.”

As one of the three traditional dyeing (染色)     1     (technique), batik (蜡染) is a folk art     2     has been passed from generation to generation by the ethnic groups in the southwest of China. Today, it is still popular     3     some ethnic groups, such as the Buyi, the Miao and the Tujia, who     4     (be) fond of using the technique for decorating coats, dresses, skirts, quilts, blankets, sheets, handbags     5     so on.

A batik craftsman uses a wax knife     6     (make) of copper to apply hot liquid wax on a white piece of cloth for     7     (draw) geometric patterns or symbolic flowers, birds, fish, insects, etc. Next the cloth is soaked in a vat (缸) of indigo dye (blue as the major color). After that, the dyed cloth     8     (put) into boiling water to remove the wax and then it is rinsed to get the final product with patterns on it. Batik     9     (general) involves two colors only—blue and white. Nevertheless, it has a vivid, simple and layered look,     10     (display) a distinctive ethnic style.

ChatGPT is an advanced AI chat robot     1     (train) by OpenAI that interacts in a conversational way. The dialogue format allows ChatGPT     2     (answer) follow-up questions, admit mistakes, challenge incorrect premises, and reject inappropriate requests. The arrival of ChatGPT will push educators to focus more on teaching subjects which technology is not good at,     3     senior education expert said.

Andreas Schleicher, director of education, said he     4     (actual) welcomes this development. And he also thinks     5     a chance to make people focus less on tasks that technology can achieve equally well. "The future is not about technology versus humans but is about combining technology     6     humans," he said. "ChatGPT pushes us to think harder of what makes us human."

" In the past, the world rewarded you for what you know.     7    , nowadays the world rewards you for what you can do with what you know, and I think ChatGPT pushes us to work harder on this." He said.

If students are only as smart as a smartphone, it means educators are not doing enough, he said. People should focus on developing human skills that truly are important,     8     means people should develop skills like     9     (imagine) and creativity. While search engines such as Google or Baidu simply extract knowledge,

ChatGPT goes a step further and analyzes a search before providing people with a single answer.

As a device, ChatGPT     10     (make) learning much more interesting and powerful in the future, but as a purpose and objective, humans need to work very hard to win that race with technology, he added.

10 . Middle school is a big step in any kid’s life. Middle school may be challenging, but if you make the most of these three or four years, you can make great progress.

    1    .

Obey your school rules!

If you don’t want to get in trouble in your first year, don’t break school rules.

Make sure you learn your school’s dress code as well as the other rules. Follow those rules. Study as much as you can.

    2     Then, you will need to be hard-working. Read all of the books you are assigned and spend plenty of time on study. Middle school is an important time to develop good school habits, so getting used to studying now will really help you later.

    3     If you want to do it well in class, the best attitude to take is to pay attention!

Follow your teacher’s instructions. It’s amazing how much your grades will go up if you just pay attention and try to get as much information from the lesson as possible.

Don’t procrastinate (延迟).

Many students develop the very bad habit of procrastinating.     4     This is bad, because when you put off what should be done now, the result will be bad. It will make you really stressed.

Explore yourself.

    5     You should take electives that you think you might like, learn to do things that you’ve always wanted to learn how to do, and read about things you’d like to do in the future.