1 . With visitor numbers around the world increasing towards pre-pandemic levels, the issue of overtourism is once again rearing its head. When locals in the charming Austrian lakeside village of Hallstatt staged a blockade(封锁)of the main access tunnel, asking visitors to “think of the children”, it highlighted what can happen when places start to feel overrun by tourists.
The term “overtourism” is relatively new, having been invented over a decade ago to highlight the increasing numbers of visitors taking a toll on cities, landmarks and landscapes. In essence, it is too many people in one place at any given time. There are the wide-reaching effects, such as climate change. Coral reefs, like the Great Barrier Reef and Maya Bay, Thailand are being degraded from visitors diving and touching the corals. More localized issues are affecting locals, too. Renters are being driven out by landlords in favour of turning properties into holiday lets, and house prices are escalating as a result. As visitors and rental properties outnumber local residents, communities are being lost.
Overcrowding is an issue for both locals and tourists. It can ruin the experience of sightseeing for those trapped in long queues, unable to visit museums, galleries and sites without advance booking, rising costs for basics like food, drink and hotels, and faced with the inability to experience the wonder of a place in relative solitude. Justin Francis, co-founder and CEO of Responsible Travel, a tour operator that focuses on more sustainable travel, says “Social media has concentrated tourism in hotspots and worsened the problem, and tourist numbers globally are increasing while destinations have a finite capacity. Until local people are properly consulted about what they want and don’t want from tourism, we’ll see more protests.”
Of the 800 residents in the UNESCO-listed village of Hallstatt, around 100 turned out in August to show their displeasure and to push for a limit on daily visitors and a curfew(宵禁)on tour coach arrivals. Elsewhere, residents in Venice fought long and hard for a ban on cruise ships, with protest flags often hanging from windows. In Rome, sitting at popular sites, such as the Trevi Fountain and the Spanish Steps, has been restricted by the authorities.
There are ways to better manage tourism by promoting more off-season travel, limiting numbers where possible and having greater regulation within the industry. Encouraging more sustainable travel and finding solutions to reduce friction between residents and tourists could also have positive impacts. Promoting alternative, less-visited spots to redirect travelers may also offer some benefits.
1. What is the function of the first paragraph?| A．An introduction to the main topic. | B．A tale to attract readers’ attention. |
| C．The background information of a story. | D．The explanation of the term “overtourism”. |
| A．The environment. | B．The local communities. |
| C．The landowners. | D．The renters. |
| A．Overcrowding merely causes trouble for the locals. |
| B．Social media contributes to overtourism in a sense. |
| C．Scenic spots can receive infinite tourists as long as locals don’t protest. |
| D．Tourists are banned to stay at the Trevi Fountain and Spanish Steps. |
| A．Some wonderful tourist destinations around the world. |
| B．Comparison of tourism before and after the pandemic. |
| C．The harm to locals’ life caused by overcrowding. |
| D．The damage and possible solutions of overtourism. |
2 . For the first twenty-two years or so of our lives, our main “job” is learning. And then, once we graduate, we feel like the education phase of our lives is done. But just because you’ve finished your formal education, it doesn’t mean that your education is over.
Promote a growth mindset. To become an effective lifelong learner you need to adopt a mindset that is in line with how your brains really work. People have one of two “mindsets”— fixed or growth. Individuals with a fixed mindset believe that their intelligence and talents are innate（天生的）and fixed.
Change your idea of learning. Learning doesn’t have to be in a formal classroom setting. In fact, most of the useful stuff you know was probably picked up informally from family, friends, and good old trial and error. To become a lifelong learner, get rid of the idea that you need to sign up for a class to actually learn something.
Ask questions.
Practice, practice, practice. Don’t just read or listen your way to knowledge.
Teach what you’re learning. To truly learn something you need to teach it. When we teach, we become truly motivated to learn the material because we want to ensure proper instruction.
| A．Learning is a long course. |
| B．They don’t think they can improve with work and effort. |
| C．Find a way to put that knowledge to work. |
| D．Learning opportunities are all around you. |
| E．Effective learning requires active participation. |
| F．Teaching also forces us to look at a concept with a beginner’s mind |
| G．Every mindset will affect your learning course and your aim. |
1. What did the study in the U.K. find out?
| A．Five people got hurt while doing DIY. |
| B．Half of the people planned to do DIY in the future. |
| C．Many people failed to complete some DIY tasks. |
| A．She was worried. | B．She was annoyed. | C．She was shocked. |
| A．He repaired his shelves. | B．He wasn’t badly hurt. | C．He finished his DIY work. |
| A．Unexpected mistakes. | B．House repairs. | C．DIY troubles. |
1. What does the man say about his uncle?
| A．He is famous. | B．He is clever. | C．He is popular. |
| A．At the age of 10. | B．At the age of 15. | C．At the age of 25. |
1. What season is it?
| A．Summer. | B．Autumn. | C．Winter. |
| A．It is boring. | B．It is tiring. | C．The weather is bad. |
| A．Ice-skating. | B．Climbing. | C．Fishing. |
| A．Mary. | B．Burton. | C．David. |
The telephone rang. Jack answered the call from his mother, “Mr. Richard died last night. The funeral is Wednesday.” Memories flashed through his mind like an old newsreel (新闻影片) as he sat quietly remembering his childhood days. It had been some time since Jack had seen the old man. College, career, and life itself got in the way. In fact, Jack moved across the country in pursuit of his dreams. There, in the rush of his busy life, Jack had little time to think about the past and often no time to spend with his wife and son.
“Jack, did you hear me?”
“Oh, sorry, Mom. Yes, I heard you. It’s been so long since I thought of him.” Jack said.
“Well, he didn’t forget you. Every time I saw him he’d ask how you were doing. He’d reminisced (追忆) about the many days you spent over ‘his side of the fence’ as he put it,” Mom told him.
After Jack’s father died, Mr. Richard stepped in to make sure Jack had a man’s influence in his life and it was Mr. Richard who taught Jack many things. Jack wouldn’t have been in this business if it hadn’t been for Mr. Richard.
Busy as he was, he returned home and attended the funeral, which was small and uneventful. Mr. Richard had no children of his own, and most of his relatives had passed away.
The night before Jack had to return home, he and his mother stopped by to see the old house next door one more time. Standing in the middle of the room, Jack paused for a moment. It was like crossing over into another dimension, a leap through space and time. The house was exactly as he remembered. Every step held memories. Every picture, every piece of furniture... Jack stopped suddenly.
“What’s wrong, Jack?” Mom asked.
“Where is the watch, the thing he valued most?” he seemed to ask himself.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。
“It was a gold pocket watch that he used to wear every day,” he told his mom.
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One day Jack received a package on his desk.
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| A．She learned it on the Internet. |
| B．She found it on her way to work. |
| C．She knew about it from her colleague. |
10 . As skies are filled with millions of migrating birds, European scientists say the seasonal wonder appears to be strange: The fatter the bird, the better it flies.
The results of their study led to a theory opposite to a central one of aerodynamics (空气动力学), which say that the power needed to fly increased with weight.
For birds, obviously, the cost of flying with heavy fat is much smaller than we used to think. Researchers found that red knot wading birds double their normal body weight of 100 grams before making their twice-a-year nonstop flight between the British Isles and the Russian Arctic Distance: 5,000 kilometers.
Another study in the magazine Nature measured the advantage of flying in an aerodynamic group which allows birds to save energy by flying smoothly and quietly in the lead bird’s air stream.
Flying in groups, their heart rates were 14.5 percent lower than flying alone, according to Henri, a French scientist. The findings help explain how birds complete difficult migrations. Researchers had thought that thinner, stronger birds would have the best chance to survive.
The first study suggests that building up fat to be burnt as fuel during the migration is worth more than the energy it takes to carry the additional weight.
In the study, researchers said their team studied the birds flown at different body weights during 28 simulated (模拟的) flights. They forced a small amount of special water into the birds’ bodies so that they could measure the amount of energy burnt during the flight.
1. A red knot wading bird of 100 grams will probably weigh before making its nonstop migrating fight.| A．100 grams | B．120 grams | C．200 grams | D．250 grams |
| A．alone | B．separately | C．in pairs | D．in groups |
| A．stronger | B．weaker | C．thinner | D．fatter |
| A．Birds Fatten Up For Journey | B．Birds Thin Down For Journey |
| C．How Birds Build Up Fat For Journey | D．How Birds Burn Energy For Journey |
