1 . Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. techniques B. negative C. factual D. slip E. identify F. conscious G. stick H. distance I. analyzers J. approach K. deceptive

The Language of Lying

“Sorry, my phone died.” “It’s nothing. I’m fine.” “I love you.”

We hear anywhere from 10 to 200 lies a day, and we spent much of our history coming up with ways to detect them, from medieval torture devices to polygraphs, blood-pressure and breathing monitors, voice-stress     1     and eye trackers. But although such tools have worked under certain circumstances, most can be fooled with enough preparation, and none are considered reliable enough to even be admissible in court. But, what if the problem is not with the     2    , but the underlying assumption that lying brings about physiological changes? What if we took a more direct     3    , using communication science to analyze the lies themselves?

Psychologically speaking, we lie partly to paint a better picture of ourselves, connecting our fantasies to the person we wish we were rather than the person we are. But while our brain is busy dreaming, it’s letting plenty of signals     4     by. Our     5     mind only controls about 5% of our cognitive function, including communication while the other 95% occurs beyond our awareness. According to the literature on reality monitoring, stories based on imagined experiences are qualitatively different from those based on real experiences. This suggests that creating a false story about a personal topic takes work and results in a different pattern of language use.

A technology known as linguistic text analysis has helped to     6     three such common patterns in the subconscious language of deception.

First, liars mention themselves less when making     7     statements. They write or talk more about others, often using the third person to     8     themselves from their lie, which sounds more false: “Absolutely no party took place at this house,” or “Nobody hosted a party here.”

Second, liars tend to be more     9    , because on a subconscious level, they feel guilty about lying. For example, a liar might say something like, “Sorry, my stupid phone battery died. I hate that thing.”

Third, liars tend to use longer sentence structure, inserting irrelevant but     10     sounding details in order to pad the lie. A President confronted with a scandal claimed: “I can say, categorically, that this investigation indicates that no one on the White House staff, no one in this administration presently employed was involved in this very odd incident.”

3 . 用所给单词的恰当形式填空。每个单词使用一次，每空填入一个单词。

theme       critical       incredible       commit       demonstrate appeal       constant     objective       occupation   accurate

As a columnist, my daily job is to create informative articles     1     to a wide audience. I start by choosing unique and interesting     2    , which could be anything from the     3     benefits of exercise to the     4     importance of cybersecurity. Once I have my topic, I do extensive research to gather data and insights that will help me     5     my point effectively.

To ensure the quality of my writing, I stick to a strict schedule and am     6     to writing several drafts before finalizing a piece. This     7     effort helps me maintain a high level of consistency and ensures that my readers enjoy reading my work.

One of the most important aspects of my job is to remain     8     while covering sensitive topics. For instance, if I’m writing about cybersecurity, I need to     9     provide information without promoting any particular product or service.

Overall, being a columnist is a challenging but rewarding     10     that requires dedication, creativity, and a passion for writing.

4 . Fill in the blanks with the proper forms of the words or phrases given in the box. Each word or phrase can be used only once. Note that there is one word or phrase that you do not need.

on the spot            trick        faithful        on display        academy        identical available        guarantee        harmony        wrap        publication

1. Every spring, various flowers from all corners of the world will be________ in our botanical garden.
2. Thanks to the________ of the advanced science and technology, the police can bring the criminals to justice faster and more easily.
3. The details of the event were________ recorded in her diary, which will be presented to the judge in court.
4. When the terrorist attack occurred, fully armed police were the first to be________.
5. Obviously, a delay in the ________of the exam results makes him upset all day long.
6. You can never find two ________leaves in the world.
7. Next year’s collection is still being kept under________.
8. Regular servicing________ the smooth operation of the engine.
9. Landing in bad weather is a ________task for any pilot, even the smallest error can lead to disaster.
10. ________success is not always an open sesame to a well-paid job.

5 . Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. academic B. previously C. submit D. assessed E. classifier F. controversy G. subscribed H. detect I. typically J. access   K. labelled

OpenAI releases “not fully reliable” tool to detect AI generated content

ChatGPT has been creating waves across the internet with its writing ability and responses to requests. The use of ChatGPT has been full of     1     . There have been concerns that students can use this tool to     2     AI-generated work and claim it as their own.

OpenAI, the research laboratory behind ChatGPT, has released a tool designed to     3     whether text has been written by artificial intelligence, but warns it’s not completely reliable – yet. In a blog post on Tuesday, OpenAI linked to a new     4     tool that has been trained to distinguish between text written by a human and that written by a variety of AI, not just ChatGPT.

The tool could be useful in cases where AI was used for “    5     dishonesty” and when AI chatbots were positioned as humans, they said. But they admitted the tool “is not fully reliable” and only correctly identified 26% of AI-written English texts. It also incorrectly     6     human-written texts as probably written by AI tools 9% of the time.

“Our classifier’s reliability     7     improves as the length of the input text increases. Compared to our     8     released classifier, this new classifier is significantly more reliable on text from more recent AI systems.”

Since ChatGPT was opened up to public    9    , it has given rise to a wave of concern among educational institutions across the world that it could lead to cheating in exams or assessments. Lecturers in the UK are being urged to review the way in which their courses were     10    , while some universities have banned the technology entirely and returned to pen-and-paper exams to stop students using AI.

6 . Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. abandoned B. challenge C. colored D. demonstrate E. ensures F. initiatives G. innovation H. pilot I. purchased J. recycled K. tailors

Lego: One Step Closer to Being Sustainable

The Lego Group is one step closer to reaching its goal of making all its products from sustainable materials by 2030.

The Danish toymaker revealed a prototype (雏形) brick made from     1     plastic. In a news release, Lego said the PET plastic from     2     bottles makes up the first brick to meet the company’s “strict quality and safety requirements.” One way the company     3     safety is by sourcing materials from suppliers that use processes approved by the US Food & Drug Administration and European Food Safety Authority.

“The biggest     4     on our sustainability journey is rethinking and innovating new materials that are as long-lasting, strong and high quality as our existing bricks—and fit with LEGO elements made over the past 60 years,” Lego Group Vice President of Environmental Responsibility Tim Brooks said. “With this prototype we’re able to    5     the progress we’re making to the public.”

It will be “some time” before bricks made from used materials can be     6    , Lego said. The company will continue to test and develop the PET formulation (配方) and decide whether to move to the     7     production phase, which is expected to take at least a year. One factor the company is testing is how the material can be     8    .

“Experimentation and failing is an important part of learning and     9    . Just as kids build, unbuild and rebuild with LEGO bricks at home, we’re doing the same in our lab,” Brooks said.

The move follows last year’s announcement that the company was making a $400 million investment over three years into sustainability     10    . It included phasing out the single-use plastic bags from its boxes and instead using recyclable paper for its packaging.

7 . Look at the pictures and get to know the American English words and their British equivalents.

Now complete the passage with the words above.

Today, American English is in common international use. It is different from British English in several ways, mostly in spelling and vocabulary. Some American spellings were created by Noah Webster, who made one of America’s first dictionaries. He changed “-re” spellings to “-er”, which is why     1    is spelt     2    in American English.

The Americans and the British also use different words for everyday things. For example, Americans talk about putting     3     in their cars and driving along the     4    , whereas in the UK, people put     5     in their cars and drive along the     6    . Americans take the     7    to the top floor of a building, but the British use the     8    . In the Us, they take the     9    , but in the UK, people travel on the     10    . Americans live in a(n)    11    , while the British live in a(n)12.     12    .

It’s not as confusing as it seems: usually people from the two countries can understand each other from the context. But that doesn’t stop them having a friendly argument about which word is the “right” one!

8 . Complete the sentenced using suitable nouns in their correct forms and circle the words which collocate with them.

curtain     antique     breath     bay     creature     highlight     airline     beauty     peak     duration     frost

1. After arising in the morning, the first thing he does is to draw the ________
2. He was impressed by her ________and charm.
3. The visitors were admiring the ________ dating back to the 17th century.
4. We all remember the________ of the trip—visiting the Huangguoshu Waterfall.
5. Protect the ________ which are unique to Australia and their natural habitats.
6. What ________did you fly?
7. It is one of the most difficult ________ to climb in the Rocky Mountains.
8. The beauty of Qinghai Lake took the visitors’ ________away.
9. In freezing cold winter, windows are often covered with ________
10. We sailed into a beautiful ________in the southwest of Canada.
11. Judy enrolled in a programme of study that was eight months in________, but she completed it in only six months.

9 . Complete the passage with the correct forms of the words below.

brilliant     solid     microscope     finding     contradictory     gift     astronomer     theory

The scientist’s main task is to discover how things work in the universe. But few scientists have placed themselves under the    1     So even though the     2    scientific method, which mainly includes hypothesis, data collection, and statistical analysis, is written down, the method by which scientists come to     3     conclusions is hard to identify. Two of the essential qualities a scientist needs to have seem to be curiosity and creativity. People who are curious usually have a mixture of seemingly     4     desires: They are looking for originality and yet they also want everything in its proper place. To settle the conflict between statistics and     5     scientists often have to be creative, and think outside the box-approach the problem from different erections. They must have a vivid imagination and a strong intuition in order for new     6     to be made. It echoes something the    7     Carl Sagan once said. He believes that every child “starts out as a scientist” and every child is    8     with the “sense of wonder and awe”.

10 . Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. wound     B. fundamentally   C. argues     D. virtue     E. mirrors   F. universally G. judged       H. simply        I. adopted       J. fascination       K. similarly

Jenny Carter an NHS coordinator is an “extreme night owl,” one of an estimated 8.2% of the population whose natural inclination(倾向)is to fall asleep well after midnight. Left to her own devices, she’d prefer to go to bed around 3 a.m. and wake up about noon.

Why do night owls exist? There is no single     1     accepted theory, but evolutionary biologists think that communities with more variation in chronotypes(睡眠类型)may have been more likely to survive.

Another theory is that variation is     2     how genetics works. Right from birth, our personal biological clocks are already     3    . Genetics establishes a person’s chronotype. Colin Espie, professor of sleep medicine at the University of Oxford, says this     4     differences in hair eye and skin color or height.

Natural night owls are     5     different from insomniacs or people who stay up until the early hours because of family or work circumstances. Being a night owl isn’t a problem.

But this isn’t always well understood. Jessica Batchelor is a medical writer who feels most productive at 11 p.m. “I can’t tell anyone when I went to sleep, woke up, showered or ate a meal without being     6    ,” she says “I struggle with feelings of guilt and shame.”

This mentality is rooted in our agrarian(耕地的)past when farm work had to begin at dawn.

Our culture mistakenly associates sleeping little and rising early with     7    . It is often extolled(颂扬)as a habit of successful people: for instance in the     8     with Margaret Thatcher’s four-hour rest, or articles about “sleepless-elite” CEOs who start their days with a 4 a.m. jog.

Actually, there is nothing wrong with staying up late as long as you’re getting a good amount of sleep every night;     9    , early risers have no special biological advantage. What research has not disproved, however, is that morning people tend to get more done.

The productivity expert Laura Vanderkam     10     that people should consider switching their schedule not because it’s necessarily better but because it’s practical.

Waking up earlier to work out, make headway on a creative project or enjoy a stress-free cup of coffee can help make it easier to accomplish more without sacrificing time for yourself.