1 . Emotions are inherent (固有的) in the human experience and play a significant role in children's lives. Emotional resilience is a critical component of success, helping children navigate life's inevitable ups and downs.     1    . Parents can try the following steps to help their children develop this power.

Step 1: Build an emotional toolkit

Children aren't born knowing how to manage and express difficult feelings, such as anger or hurt. They need to learn about various emotions and what behaviors are acceptable.     2    .When parents openly express their emotions, regardless of whether they are appropriately expressed, children watch; listen, and learn. So, parents should establish healthy emotional habits to serve as a guide for children.

    3    . Some children may seek comfort in hugs, while others prefer physical space. Some may find gentle music soothing (安抚的), while others find it irritating. Parents can assist children in finding emotional resources based on their personality and individual needs.

Step 2:     4    

Helping children connect with their emotional lives includes all emotions, not just pleasant ones. For instance, well-intentioned adults may say, “Don't be angry” or“There is nothing to be sad about”, but this may shut down the exploration of those feelings rather than addressing them. When this avoidance is repeated, it interferes with the understanding and mastery of difficult emotions.

Step 3: Help children regulate and co-regulate

Children often need parents to help them navigate intense emotions.    5    . This process is called“co-regulation,” when one person soothes another.

Co-regulation does not mean parents should always rush in to“fix” children's discomfort,particularly if they don't want help. Children also need space to work through struggles on their own to build emotional competence.