1 . All students have bad times. What do they usually do when they get into trouble?

My mom is like my friend. I talk about everything to her. Whenever I have some trouble, I can get good advice from her. I have another good friend — my diary. It knows all my secrets. Talking with my two friends always makes me feel better.

                                                                                             —— Linda

Laughing helps me when I’m upset. I usually watch funny movies and TV shows. I also love spending my hard time with my best friend Dave. He is humorous and always makes me laugh.

                                                                                               —— Peter

Every time I feel bad, I go climbing alone. The study says exercising can help cheer one up (精神振奋). And the beautiful view at the top of the mountain makes me forget all my troubles. Sometimes I shout at the mountain top. It feels fantastic.

                                                                                                 —— John

1. Linda’s ________ knows all her secrets.

A．sister

B．teacher

C．diary

D．computer

2. The underlined word “humorous” probably means “________”.

A．quiet

B．funny

C．careful

D．serious

3. John always ________ when he feels bad.

A．goes climbing	B．watches movies
C．talks with his friends	D．reads books

4. Which of the following is TRUE?

A．Linda often asks her teacher for advice.

B．Dave often helps Peter with his homework.

C．John likes climbing mountains with his friends.

D．Exercising can help people feel good.

2 . In order to grow and be better than before , you must learn to be emotionally intelligent. Here are some strategies to help you become emotionally mature!

You cannot change others. Everyone else is entitled to their own beliefs and opinions. It is completely normal. Keeping that in mind, it is better if you understand that you cannot change others, no matter how hard you try. Even if you try changing others and their feelings, you will only be hurting yourself in the process.     1    

People interact with us like we are mind readers sometimes.    2     This can be extremely painful. You need to communicate your needs to the other person, and they need to do the same with you. Never rely on expectations, which will only make you feel disappointed. Share your needs with your loved ones and see the positive changes. So communicate your needs.

It is necessary to take responsibility for your actions. Just like your words, you need to take full responsibility for your actions. Many people make silly excuses and don’t take responsibility for their actions. That is where they hurt others and themselves.    3     It won’t bring your self-respect down, and it will actually raise you as a person.

    4     So it is wise to avoid negative people. If you are surrounded by negative people that only bring others down, then you will always feel uncomfortable. If you are surrounded by happy people, you will always be delighted. Keep away from people who emotionally control others.    5     In order to be emotionally intelligent, you must have a supporting partner by your side.

A．You need to mind whatever you do.

B．You are known by the company you keep.

C．Just as you try to be a mind reader, others expect so.

D．The best course of action would be to change yourself.

E．Whenever you feel something like that, cut ties with them.

F．Your partner would want you to know exactly what they want.

G．If you make a mistake and affect others negatively, apologize immediately.

3 . Children and adolescents require support from adults, especially parents and teachers. Such support builds a healthy environment for their emotional growth and brain development.     1     Here are a few tips for offering them the guidance they need during adolescent development.

Teens need to gradually work toward independence. Caregivers can help adolescents gain independence by allowing them to make their own choices. You may also practice showing your teen love and compassion when they make mistakes to teach them that failures can be helpful growth Opportunities.     2    

Even if they don’t act like it, your teen likely looks up to you. It’s normal for young people to look to adults in their lives for how to behave.     3     Seeing you put these things into practice first can help them fill their toolboxes with these tools, which will be useful to them throughout the rest of their lives.

    4     In this way your child feels they can come to you with challenges or concerns. It’s true that your teens may think it unnecessary or even annoying to communicate with you.     5     However, your positive relationship with your children remains important for them to feel safe.

In a word, proper guidance from parents and teachers can equip adolescents with the tools to handle challenges later in life as adults.

A．In this way, you can encourage their independence.

B．Your definition of children or adolescence may vary.

C．Remember to keep the lines of communication open.

D．Seeking the support of a mental health doctor is needed.

E．However, you may not know exactly how to provide this.

F．You can support them simply by modeling healthy behaviors.

G．Instead, they may rely more on peers and friends for connection.

4 . People often say your feelings are “written all over your face” because our facial expressions are a main way we communicate emotions. Now according to a recent research led by Patty Van Cappellen of Duke University, besides our faces, our body posture (姿势) also plays a role.

In one study, Van Cappellen and her colleagues asked a group of participants to show four faceless mannequins (人体模型) in postures that represented four different emotions: dominance (支配), joy, hope and respect. The research assistants then looked at photos of the mannequins that participants had created and assessed their head positions, arm positions, and degrees of expansiveness — how much space they took up by standing straight or opening up different parts of their bodies. Then, the researchers compared these positions to the feelings they supposedly expressed.

Van Cappellen found that people viewed an expansive posture as representing dominance. But joy and respect were also represented by expansive postures, with hope involving the least expansive posture. “We’re finding that positive emotions are also marked by expansiveness — especially joy,” she says.

Besides, arm and head positions also mattered. For example, joyful postures were described by arms raised above the head, while respectful postures showed hands touching the face. Dominant postures, on the other hand, tended to show arms akimbo (双手叉腰) with the head facing forward.

To know if other people seeing the mannequins could recognize the feelings being expressed by different postures, Van Cappellen had a new group of participants look at photos of mannequins posed in many different ways. The participants found that expansive postures with arms held high represented positive emotion — with arms akimbo representing dominance and negative emotion.

Her research suggests that our body posture helps express our emotions and may help us feel certain emotions, too. This could be consequential — not just in the lab, but in real life, where it’s useful to know how we and other people are feeling in a certain situation.

1. Which emotion is most probably expressed by the least expansive posture?

A．Dominance.

B．Joy.

C．Hope.

D．Respect.

2. What does a man tend to do when he feels happy according to the text?

A．Hold his arms high.	B．Touch his face.
C．Have his arms crossed.	D．Shake his head.

3. Why did Van Cappellen have new participants look at the photos of mannequins?

A．To find why the participants showed the different feelings.

B．To know how people communicate with facial expressions.

C．To figure out what different body postures may represent.

D．To see if others can feel the same about the body postures.

4. What does the underlined word “consequential” in the last paragraph probably mean?

A．Embarrassing.

B．Important.

C．Flexible.

D．Unusual.

5 . Psychologists have defined nostalgia (怀旧) as self-conscious, socially emotional, bittersweet but mainly positive. It develops out of happy memories mixed with a longing for the past and the close relationships we had back then. Often, nostalgia involves five senses. For example, the smell of autumn leaves might spark an intense longing for your childhood home.

Almost everyone experiences nostalgia, although its object tends to vary throughout life. One survey conducted by the psychologist Krystine Irene Batcho found that younger people felt more nostalgia for pets, toys, and holidays than did older people, who felt it more strongly for music. I came of age in the 1980s, and even songs I found hopelessly annoying back then can fill me with nostalgic emotions.

As my colleague Julie Beck has written, nostalgia was originally viewed as an emotional disorder when it was first defined in the late 17th century. And, crucially, it often occurs when people are experiencing negative moods or having bad experiences. Loneliness can be a trigger, as researchers found in 2008. Another is bad weather.

However, despite its association with negative emotions, nostalgia does not cause or increase unhappiness. Rather, nostalgia is a defense response to unhappiness, one that brings relief from a negative mood. Psychologists writing in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology in 2006 found that stirring nostalgia in experiments strengthened people’s social bonds, boosted their positive feelings about themselves, and improved their mood. Similar research has shown that when people feel nostalgia, it can fire their sense of life’s meaning, lower an existential (存在主义的) reaction to the idea of death, increase spirituality, and raise optimism.

Scholars aren’t sure exactly why nostalgia works; some have inferred that recalling happy memories strengthens “valued aspects of the self” in situations when we might otherwise feel lonely or unworthy. Either way, its emotional intensity allows the joy of the past to overpower the unpleasantness of the present, a little escapism that helps get us through the bad times.

1. What do the psychologists think of nostalgia?

A．Always painful.	B．Primarily positive.
C．Seldom intense.	D．Usually unconscious.

2. Why is the author’s experience mentioned in paragraph 2?

A．To show the objects of nostalgia change with age.

B．To illustrate annoying music often leads to nostalgia.

C．To highlight the young are more likely to be nostalgic.

D．To demonstrate nostalgia has an impact on emotions.

3. In which situation may people easily feel nostalgia?

A．Attending a lively class.	B．Engaging in a family reunion.
C．Staying alone in an empty room.	D．Joining in a joyful birthday party.

4. What may be a benefit of nostalgia?

A．Maintaining self-respect.	B．Shaping personal insights.
C．Escaping from daily chaos.	D．Enhancing one’s self-worth.

6 . Have you ever started your day feeling unbeatable, only to feel worn down by the time you get into bed?     1     Try the following routines to help you sail through your day.

Practise gratitude. As you wake up, whether naturally or through your alarm, pause for a few seconds.     2     It may be a photograph of someone you love, your stylish new bedside table, or just being alive and being offered a new day. Take in the positivity and bathe in it for a few moments before continuing your day.

Exhale(呼出) your tension. If you feel anxious or stressed as you wake up, take a few minutes to do an exercise to deal with the tension. Stand tall and bring both hands to your chest. Inhale, and then exhale as you open your arms and reach down to touch the floor. This will stretch your body and oxygenate your brain.     3    

Check in with yourself. On your way to work, take a minute to “check in” with yourself. Think through your goals for the day.     4     Allow yourself to feel the positivity associated with those achievements. This visualization exercise is a simple way to build positive intention, create focus, and boost your motivation and confidence for the day.

    5     Be aware of not automatically reaching for your phone to check emails or social media as it can put you into a reactive mode rather than keeping your mind clear to choose how you want to go about in your day, and how you intend to respond instead of just reacting to events and people. The more you are able to stay centered and connected to yourself, the less likely you will stress out.

A．Brighten your day.

B．Respond, don’t react.

C．Teach the body to sense it is safe.

D．And imagine yourself completing them well.

E．Thus you process your tension feeling more positive.

F．Look around the room for something you are grateful for.

G．The daily ups and downs weaken your resolve and leave you low.

7 . How Using A Mood Tracker App Could Help Your Mental Health

You track your nutrition and your workouts, but why wouldn’t you track your mood?    1    They can be used by everyone, from those dealing with mental health conditions such as depression or mood anxiety to those who just want to keep an eye on their stress levels.

    2    .

Many of them allow you to record factors that may be affecting your mental health, such as sleep, nutrition, and exercise. You can also see how changes are affecting your mental health. Mood trackers can also keep you honest about your self-reporting bias.

How Does a Mood Tracker App Work?

Firstly, research shows that mood tracker apps can help people better identify their moods and in turn, understand them. Awareness of one’s mood has been linked to better mental health outcome.    3    By recording the data that someone can refer back to during an appointment, apps can also help people feel more empowered rather than be a passive consumer.

Who Should Use Them?

Generally speaking, a mood tracker app can be helpful to most people.    4    Research shows at the mood tracker apps that are the most helpful in reducing symptoms are the ones that provide education on things like cognitive behavioral therapy techniques and tools, rather than ones that only record symptoms.

Mood tracker apps are one of the most popular categories or smartphones app stores, so you have no lack of choices with a simple search for mood tracker.    5    

A．Why Use a Mood Tracker App?

B．Mood tracker apps are gaining in popularity.

C．And those who are dealing with mood disorders will benefit most from it.

D．Research on apps using predictive technology is incredibly encouraging.

E．Mood tracker apps are often more than just a place to record your emotions.

F．Additionally, apps can help people better communicate with mental health professionals.

G．If you don’t have as art phone or don’t want to download an app, there are web-based trackers to consult.

8 . “You’re as stupid as a goat.” It is a common insult (侮辱) in Nigeria. Recently a study published in Animal Behaviour suggested that’s just not true.

Alan McElligott, associate professor of animal behavior and welfare in City University of Hong Kong conducted a study in cooperation with Marianne Mason, an expert in the cognitive (认知的) abilities of goats in England.

In the experiment, a speaker was hidden to play a recording of a human saying “Hey, look over here!” with two versions—a happy one and an angry one. When the study’s 27 goat participants entered the pen one by one, the speaker would play either the positive or negative version 9 times in a row. At first the goats would respond by looking up and even looking for the source of the sound. But after a few repetitions, they would just stop paying attention. Then the speaker switched to play the opposite version three times. 71% of those disinterested goats lifted their ears and looked up in the direction of the sound. Among those newly engaged goats, some started to investigate the source of the sound longer than in the initial stages of the experiment, suggesting they noticed the emotions had changed.

The finding is a case in point of the intelligence of goats. Actually, experienced goat farmers have already known that their livestock (家畜) are discriminating listeners and respond well to kind treatment. So why do such a study if that’s already known? “By showing this ability in goats, we’re trying to move the needle in terms of opening people’s eyes to the cognitive abilities of livestocks. Our overall goal is to get people to think about animals in a different way, to treat them a little bit better.” says Mason. The two researchers hope that people will start to understand these livestocks deserve to be nicely treated, especially as we are using them for our milk products and meat.

1. What did Alan McElligott and Marianne Mason work together on?

A．The intelligence of goats.	B．Social abilities of animals.
C．Distinctive behavior of goats.	D．Animal welfare in HongKong.

2. What do we know about the experiment?

A．The 27 goats paid no attention to the voice all the time.

B．The majority of goats noticed the change of the emotions.

C．The speaker kept playing the positive version throughout the experiment.

D．The goats kept responding to the source of the sound in the initial stages.

3. Which is closest in meaning to the underlined words “move the needle” in paragraph 4?

A．Adjust a study goal.	B．Shift the public’s attention.
C．Make a positive change.	D．Change the original structure.

4. What is the last paragraph mainly about?

A．The background of the study.	B．The main purpose of the study.
C．The farmers’reactions to the study.	D．The wisdom of some goat farmers.

9 . You laugh out loud when a friend misses a step on the stairs, but soon you feel guilty of laughing at other’s clumsiness. You may ask yourself “Shouldn’t I feel empathetic (共情的) for the person involved?” Don’t worry. Your laughter is not provoked by lack of empathy. As a clinical psychologist, I’d like to shed light on different aspects of such a situation which can bring our usually well-meaning laughter.

The first of these ingredients is surprise. The unexpected situation surprises us and creates a departure from the predictable, from what we expected to see. This incongruous (不一致的) situation highlights our errors of prediction. Laughing at the situation is a way of resolving the incongruity by making a new and comic interpretation of what we witnessed.

Besides, we react according to how we interpret the person’s facial expression. A study explored this. Participants were asked to view 210 images representing three types of faces: faces expressing a puzzled look, faces expressing pain or anger, and people whose bodies were placed in awkward positions, without the face being visible.

At the end of the study, participants rated the images with puzzled faces as funnier than images in which the faces expressed pain or anger, and funnier than images in which bodies were shown in ridiculous positions but no facial expression was seen.

So when we perceive puzzlement in the facial expression of the victim of clumsiness, this information creates a context that makes us laugh. On the other hand, if we can read suffering or anger in the facial expression, we will be touched by the pain of the victim of the fall and be empathetic, which will prevent us from laughing.

Let’s forgive ourselves for laughing at comical situations involving other people’s clumsiness! Having learnt that they are not actually in danger and have not really hurt themselves, we aren’t laughing at the other person’s suffering.

1. What does the underlined word “provoked” in Paragraph 1 mean?

A．Determined.

B．Confirmed.

C．Caused.

D．Prevented.

2. What makes us laugh at other people’s clumsiness?

A．Unpredictability.

B．Visibility.

C．Dignity.

D．Identity.

3. What do we know about the study?

A．The faces expressing pain or anger were often ignored.

B．Awkward positions seemed funnier than puzzled expressions.

C．People laughed at others’ suffering in unfortunate situations.

D．Participants were asked to indicate how funny the images were.

4. What does the author think of laughing at people’s awkwardness?

A．Praiseworthy.

B．Unacceptable.

C．Forgivable.

D．Ridiculous.

10 . While socializing comes naturally for some, it can be a struggle for others. Shyness is a normal, common personality trait (特征).     1    . If you’re often hesitant to engage in social situations, you may interact with those around you in a more comfortable way. We outline four strategies for overcoming shyness in life.

Get Excited About A New Adventure

You may have been shy most of your life.     2    . Working through shyness and developing increased confidence may seem like a discouraging task for you, but viewing the journey as an exciting adventure to parts unknown can be exciting and, in turn, may boost your self-esteem.

Pay Attention To Your Words

    3    . Talking to yourself in a negative way when describing yourself can damage your self-confidence. Consider replacing phrases like “I am shy” with “I am learning to be more comfortable” in social situations. This can go a long way toward moving from shyness to confidence.

Practice Mindfulness (正念)

Mindfulness involves drawing your attention to the present and being aware of your thoughts, feelings, and surroundings.     4    . In one study, participants in a mindfulness program experienced an improved view of their self-worth.

Take Small Steps

Getting started can be the hardest part of learning how to be more social for those who are shy.     5    . You can start out small. Try chatting with the teller at the bank or the person ahead of you in the checkout line. This can help you build confidence and work your way up to more difficult challenges.

A．If so, that’s a part of you that you’re used to

B．Sometimes the best path toward addressing a fear is exposure

C．Mindfulness can help reduce symptoms of social anxiety disorder

D．Taking time to tend to your appearance can make a big difference

E．How we communicate and characterize ourselves can be powerful

F．However, shyness can make it hard for people to connect with others and achieve their goals

G．But engaging with people doesn’t have to be practiced as an important work presentation