2 . While scientists have many ideas, they are not certain why humans yawn(打哈欠). Still, there is one thing experts know—yawns seem to be contagious(传染)!

Have you ever caught a yawn from someone else? Most people have. In fact, a person is six times more likely to yawn after seeing someone else do so. Experts have done many studies into why yawns seem to pass from person to person. As a result, they have a few theories(理论) for the reason behind it.

One possible explanation has something to do with social mirroring, which is caused by mirror neurons(镜像神经元) in the brain. These mirror neurons help the brain notice useful behavior of others and then copy it. When one person sees another yawn, his mirror neurons observe the action and consider it to be beneficial. That may cause him to yawn, too.

Another popular theory is that yawns are contagious because of social relationships. Being social creatures, humans form friendships, families and live together in groups. That’s why many people mirror others, such as smiling when another person smiles. Yawning may be just another example of this. In fact, research has shown that one is most likely to catch yawns from another person if the two share a social relationship.

The answer could even be that yawns aren’t truly contagious at all. Instead, people yawn together simply because they’re in the same environment. Experts say many things may cause yawning, including temperature and time of day. Whatever the explanation is, experts do know that contagious yawns aren’t limited to humans. One study found that lions in South Africa also caught each other’s yawns.

1. What kind of behavior may be copied by mirror neurons?

A．Important and attractive.	B．Useful and beneficial.
C．Hard to understand.	D．Easy to copy.

2. Whose yawns are people most likely to catch according to Paragraph 4?

A．Those who yawn a lot.	B．Those who like smiling.
C．Those closely connected with them.	D．Those sharing the same interest with them.

3. What might the author continue talking about in the following paragraph?

A．Tips on how to avoid yawning in public.

B．A real explanation for contagious yawning.

C．Other examples of animals yawning together.

D．Things that may cause yawning among humans.

4. Which of the following serves as the best title?

A．Why yawns are contagious	B．What causes people to yawn
C．Who yawns more than others	D．Why humans yawn now and then

3 . We all feel lonely at some point, but long-term social loneliness can damage our mental and physical health. “Loneliness is a signal that you need human connection,” says Dr. Jeremy Nobel.     1    .

Know yourself

It’s easier to connect with people if you have shared the same ideas or experiences, so start paying attention to what’s on your mind.     2    . If you know what’s meaningful for you, it may lead you to an activity or creative idea that connects you to people.

Make something

When someone says make something, you can immediately say, “Well, I’m not Picasso. I don’t know how to do a fancy painting.” And, of course, you’re not! But the opportunities for creative expression are endless. You can plant a garden or try a dance move.     3    .

Take a risk by having conversations

Share something about yourself. It doesn’t have to be the biggest or darkest part of your life, but just something you think other people might find interesting and convincing.     4    , putting yourself out there requires a bit of risk, and it’s another important step to real connection.

    5    

Whether it’s volunteering for a cause you believe in or just for fun, try to find others who share your interests. And if you follow your natural curiosities, you may find something new. Share your thoughts and feelings in creative ways with other people who have that interest.

A．Other people’s loneliness matters too

B．Find a group that matches your interests

C．Since you have shared some of your secrets

D．Here are some good tips to make connection

E．Even if you’re nervous about being judged or refused

F．Knowing yourself can be the first step to bond with others

G．Making something can express your thoughts and feelings to others

4 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Long time ago, a girl     1     (call) Lisa put on her favorite necklace and went swimming in a pool. When she returned to the side, she realized that her necklace had fallen in the pool, and she began to cry. Just then, Jackson, a boy in the same neighbourhood asked her the reason     2     she was crying. She told him what had happened.

“If you can become my friend.” Jackson told her. “I will get your necklace for you.” Lisa told him     3     (leave) her alone because she didn’t like Jackson. But again Jackson said that he would find her necklace. Finally, Lisa told him that she would do what he asked. Jackson went into the pool and found her necklace. He gave it to her. The girl grabbed (抓住) it     4     ran home.

Lisa told her mother about that. After     5     (hear) the story, her mother said “Thanks to Jackson, your necklace     6     ( find) this afternoon.” She insisted that Lisa keep her promise and make     7     (friend) with Jackson. The next day, Lisa invited     8     boy to her home. They had a cup of tea and had a good time.

    9     (amazing), Lisa found Jackson was a kind and polite boy. She liked to be     10     (he) friend. From then on, they started a lifelong friendship.

5 . What does the woman ask the man to do?

A．Sing along with her.

B．Help her practice singing.

C．Accompany her on piano.

6 . Studying abroad is full of adventures-everything is different and exciting. How can you adjust to the new environment soon? Homestay is a great way to get to know the culture from a firsthand aspect. Here are some tips on how to enjoy a successful homestay.

Bring a thoughtful gift.

    1     Instead, a little souvenir (纪念品) from your home country is a great choice. Besides, it will help your hosts remember what an awesome family member you were.

Respect the schedule.

Even though you’ve paid for your stay, you’re still part of a family that is not yours - respect their schedules. If the meals are at 7 p. m., make sure you are on time.     2    

Attend the family meals.

Most host programs will give you the choice to include meals in your homestay. It’s highly recommended that you join your host family for at least one meal each day     3     You can also enjoy the conversations that meals inspire

Be fair and honest when problems arise.

    4     Nobody can avoid it. In case there’s a major trouble that bothers you, try to talk to the family first. Be aware that it might take some time to get used to each other - not just for you but also for the host family.

    5    

When it comes time to leave, you might be feeling some relief about getting back to a more familiar home. Do remember to make an effort to express your thanks to the family for let-ting you into their home and sharing their lives with you.

A．Show great relief before you leave.

B．Express your gratitude before leaving.

C．Lies can only make things much worse.

D．This can help you taste homemade local food.

E．You don’t have to spend a lot of money on the gift.

F．Whenever people live together, there’s room for disagreement.

G．You must let your host family know in advance if you can’t arrive on time.

8 . My name is Jimmy. One Thursday afternoon, when I was in senior one, a new boy came into my classroom. He was short and thin. He walked up to the teacher and told her, very seriously, that he was new. His name was Christian. He sat down, took a look at me, and then looked away. I didn’t think he was very nice and I was sure he wasn’t the type I would like to become friends with.

During that year, I didn’t talk to him much, but he smiled at me when our eyes met, always shyly. He never ate lunch with anybody, and he never talked to anybody but me.

But one day I joined those unkind kids who were making fun of him. We made fun of him though I thought it was wrong.

“Haven’t you got any friends?” a kid asked Christian, who had walked past us alone, head down.

“No, he hasn’t got any friends. He’s too stupid and shy,” I said. Then Christian looked up at me with the saddest dog eyes I had ever seen. I felt very sorry at that moment.

That night, I couldn’t sleep because I couldn’t get Christian’s face out of my mind. In the weeks that followed, he never met my eyes in class and never smiled at me. It was really hard for me to decide to write him a note asking him to forgive (原谅) me. But I thought I should.

The next day in class, I wrote him a note telling him how sorry I felt. About five minutes later, I turned and saw tears in his eyes. “You will never realize what your apology (道歉) has meant to me, Jimmy.” he said to me. “I hope we can become friends.”

We had lunch together that noon and we had the best talk I had ever had. Over the years at high school, we were close friends.

When I think back, I realize that, if I had not apologized, I would never have known what a lovely person Christian was.

Apologies can really change your life, so never miss the chance to tell somebody you are sorry.

1. What do we about know Christian from the passage?

A．He was tall and fat.	B．He was short and thin.
C．He was short and active.	D．He was lovely and fat.

2. Why didn’t Jimmy talk to Christian much at first?

A．He didn’t think Christian was the type he wanted to become friends with.

B．Christian wasn’t nice to people around him after he came to the new class.

C．Christian made friends with others.

D．Christian had the saddest dog eyes.

3. How did Jimmy feel after he made fun of Christian with other unkind kids?

A．Happy.

B．Interested.

C．Sorry.

D．Bored.

4. What is the purpose of this text?

A．To tell us it is important to make an apology when we hurt others.

B．To show Jimmy’s apology was unimportant to Christian.

C．To introduce Christian wasn’t lovely in fact.

D．To tell us it is unimportant to say sorry to others.

10 . There was once a boy called Mario who loved to have lots of friends at school. However, he wasn’t sure whether or not his classmates were his true friends, so he asked his grandpa. The old man answered, “I have just exactly what you need; it’s in the attic (阁楼). Wait here for a minute.”

Grandpa left, soon returning as though carrying something in his hand, but Mario could see nothing there. “Take it. It’s a very special chair. Because it’s invisible (无形的) it’s rather difficult to sit on, but if you take it to school and you manage to sit on it, you’ll be able to tell who your true friends are.”

Mario took the strange invisible chair and went to school. At break time he asked everyone to form a circle, and he put himself in the middle, with his chair. “Nobody move. You’re about to see something amazing,” Mario said.

Then Mario tried sitting on the chair. He missed and fell straight onto his backside. Everyone had a pretty good laugh. Mario wouldn’t be beaten. He kept trying to sit on the magic chair, and kept falling to the ground... until, suddenly, he tried again and didn’t fall. This time he sat, hovering (悬停) in mid-air.

Looking around, Mario saw George, Lucas, and Diana — three of his best friends — holding him up, so he wouldn’t fall. At the same time, many others he had thought of as friends were doing nothing but make fun of him, enjoying each and every fall.

Leaving with his three friends, Mario explained to them how his grandpa had so cleverly thought of such a good idea. Now he knows that those who take joy in our misfortunes (不幸) when we are in difficulty are not our true friends.

1. What did Mario’s grandpa take from the attic?

A．An invisible chair.	B．An old chair.
C．A real chair.	D．Nothing.

2. Why did Mario’s grandpa give him the invisible chair?

A．To see whether Mario could sit on it.

B．To test who were Mario’s true friends.

C．To let Mario have fun with his classmates.

D．To test whether Mario was popular at school.

3. How was Mario able to hover in mid-air?

A．He saw the invisible chair suddenly.

B．He managed to sit on the chair finally.

C．His friends held him up with their hands.

D．His classmates gave him a chair to sit on.

4. What does the story tell us?

A．Never laugh at our friends.

B．True friends can help us do magic.

C．True friends are those who care for us.

D．Having too many good friends isn’t a good thing.