1 . The country will carry out three more missions -the launch of the Tianzhou-5 cargo craft and the Shenzhou-15 crewed spaceship, as well as bringing theShenzhou-14 crew back to Earth -before it ________ (complete) the in-orbit construction of the space station by the end of this year. (所给词的适当形式填空)

2 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

In a classic tale, Hansel and Gretel dropped breadcrumbs (面包屑) while walking through a     1     (risk) forest so that they wouldn’t lose their way. Drawing inspiration from this, scientists believe rovers (探测器) may one day use a similar trick to move across other planets     2     losing their data.

Typically, all the information a rover     3     (gather) before will be lost if it permanently loses communication during a mission.     4     (avoid) this, scientists suggest using a multi-rover system in which a “so n rover” is connected to a “mother rover”. The son rover would then go into any especially uncertain area, such as a cave,     5     (move) on to spread sensors the size of breadcrumbs along the way, which could then communicate     6     (direct) with each other through a wireless network and channel any collected data back to the mother rover. As a     7     (prove) of concept, theoretical physicist Wolfgang Fink’s team built their first “breadcrumb” sensors communicating via Wi-Fi.

This is just one of the most impressive applications     8     come to your knowledge in terms of the breadcrumb strategy. It can also be useful here on Earth because a rover can     9     (send) with the “breadcrumb” sensors to disaster-stricken areas and transfer (传送) the information to people, no matter     10     dangerous it is.

3 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
chinadaily.com.cn | Updated: 2023-09-12 11:34

Tianzhou 5 spacecraft burns up on Earth reentry

China’s Tianzhou 5 cargo spacecraft    1    (destroy) as scheduled on September 12, 2023 as it reentered Earth’s atmosphere, according to the China Manned Space Agency.

The agency said in a news release that, under ground controllers’     2     (guide), the robotic craft flew back into Earth’s atmosphere at 9:13 am. After that, most of the spaceship burned up, and a small amount of debris(残骸) fell into secure areas in    3    South Pacific Ocean.

The Tianzhou 5    4     (depart) from the Tiangong space station on September 11 and then started the atmospheric reentry process guided    5    ground controllers.

The vessel (飞船) launched on Nov 12 from the Wenchang Space Launch Center in Hainan province, and docked with the Tiangong    6     (late) that same day. It was tasked with refueling the space station and     7     (bring) astronauts’ living and work necessities. It was the fourth cargo ship    8     (link) with the Tiangong,     9    is now manned by three astronauts of the Shenzhou XVI mission.

On May 5, the vessel undocked from the Tiangong station and started a solo flight for    10     (experiment) purposes that lasted 33 days. It reconnected with the space station in June.

4 . B)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Chang’e 6 scheduled for lunar landing next year

嫦娥六号计划明年登月(2023.9.30)

The Chang’e 6 mission, China’s next robotic expedition to the moon, has been scheduled to land on the moon next year,     1     (task) with bringing back samples from the little-known far side, according to the China National Space Administration.

So far, the Chang’e 6 project has progressed     2     (smooth) and according to plan. To facilitate communications     3     the Chang’e 6 probe and Earth, a new relay satellite named Queqiao 2     4     (schedule) to be deployed in lunar orbit in the first half of 2024. The Chang’e 6 spacecraft will consist of four components—an orbiter, lander, ascender and re-entry module.

Hu Hao, a senior planner at the administration in charge of the Chang’e 6 mission, said that     5     everything goes according to plan, the spacecraft will touch down in the South Pole-Aitken Basin and collect dust and rock samples there. “Such samples will enable scientists     6     (advance) their studies about the far side. Researchers will also be able to analyze the samples’ composition to     7     (broad) knowledge about the moon,” Hu said.

In addition, the administration has offered to carry a total of 10 kilograms of foreign     8     (equip) in the mission’s lander and orbiter. To date, the United States, the former Soviet Union and China     9     (bring) lunar substances back to Earth, but     10     of them has ever obtained samples from the far side.

5 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Researchers have been applying artificial intelligence (AI)to monitor biodiversity and enhance efforts to protect some species from     1     (threaten). Unlike conventional methods, AI has the capacity     2     (analyze)massive amounts of data effectively.

Species are disappearing     3     a rate much faster than that millions of years ago, with up to one million species on the edge of     4     (extinct). In response, the United Nations set a goal in 2020 to safeguard at least 30%of Earth’s land and oceans. “Al is imperfect     5     could promote important discoveries.” says Nicolas Miailhe, Paris-based founder of the Future Society, an international non-profit organization     6     aims to better govern AI. “We badly need human practitioners to design models and interpret data. ”

Besides monitoring biodiversity in real time, AI can also be used to model the impacts of human activities on an ecosystem. Although it     7     (document) that human activities have resulted in biodiversity loss, little is known about which environmental factors have       8       (large) impact.

“Long-term statistics will play     9     essential role in connecting changes in biodiversity with environmental changes. ”says Luisa Orsini, who     10       (study) evolutionary bio-systems at the University of Birmingham, UK.

6 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

China made public recently specific designs for its manned lunar mission, which     1     (schedule) to be achieved before the end of this decade. The plan is to launch two Long March 10 carrier rockets from the Wenchang Spacecraft Launch Site in Hainan Province to transport a lunar landing module (舱) and     2     manned spacecraft to lunar orbit. When     3     (land) on the moon, the astronauts will drive a rover (探月车) to carry out scientific tasks and collect samples.

    4     (design) and engineers are developing the Long March 10 carrier rocket to achieve this goal. The manned spacecraft for the mission is also     5     the middle of its research and development stage. In the long term, China intends to construct a lunar scientific outpost to conduct extended explorations and technology demonstration operations.

The moon is the     6     (near) extraterrestrial body (地外天体) that humans can reach     7     (base) on current technologies. Manned missions to the moon will be a realistic     8     practical step to start with for expanding our exploration of deep space. Meanwhile, it is     9     (scientific) meaningful for us to continue to explore the moon. That is     10     it will help scientists better understand the origin and the evolution of the solar system as well as the composition of planets.

7 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

China’s Shenzhou-14 mission has     1     (successful) docked (对接) with the country’s Tiangong space station on Sunday. The three-person crew of the spaceship arrived at the Tianhe crew module (舱) after launching from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center earlier in the day. The arrival marks     2     start of a six-month stay at the station for the mission’s astronauts that will see China attempt to make significant progress toward the     3     (complete) of Tiangong.

The country hopes to finish     4     (build) the station by the end of the year. Next month, it will launch the first of two lab modules     5     will expand Tiangong’s capabilities, with the latter to follow in October. The modules will allow Chinese astronauts to conduct microgravity and life science research. The Shenzhou-14 crew will conduct multiple extravehicular activities to prepare the station     6     expansion. Among the three astronauts     7     (be) Liu Yang, the first Chinese woman     8     (make) it to space nearly a decade ago during the country’s Shenzhou-9 mission.

Once complete, the entire T-shaped structure will be about a     9     (five) of the size of the International Space Station, with long-term accommodation for three astronauts. According to Reuters, China is exploring the possibility of allowing     10     (commerce) space flights to visit Tiangong.

8 . 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

China launched a remote-sensing satellite, the Gaofen 12D, for Earth observation. The Gaofen 12D,     1     successfully arrived in its orbit at last,     2     (carry) by a Long March 4C rocket that lifted off at the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in the northwestern Gobi Desert.

Remote-sensing satellites refer to those     3     (task) with observing, surveying and measuring objects on land or at sea as well as monitoring weather. Developed by the Shanghai Academy of Spaceflight Technology, the Gaofen 12D is equipped with microwave payloads and its data will be used     4     (help) with land mapping, urban planning, agricultural yield forecasting, and disaster prevention.

China launched the Gaofen program ten years ago and listed it     5     one of the 16 national important projects in science and technology. By now, the program     6     (establish) a massive space-based system with more than 30 satellites in active service. Images and data from the Gaofen satellites have been     7     (wide) used at thousands of research bodies and enterprises in dozens of industries across China and have helped reduce the country’s     8     (dependent) on foreign remote-sensing products.

The Long March 4C rocket, also     9     product of the Shanghai academy, is capable of     10     (transport) satellites with a combined weight of 3 metric tons to a typical sun-synchronous orbit 700 kilometers above the earth.

9 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

In the coming era of budget cuts to education, distance learning could become the norm.

The temptation for those in charge of education budgets to trade teachers for technology could be so strong that they ignore     1     disadvantages of distance learning. School facilities are expensive     2    (build). Online classes do not require buildings and each class can host hundreds of people at the same time,     3    (result) in greater savings. But moving away from a traditional classroom     4     a living, breathing human being teaches and interacts with students daily     5    (be) a disaster. Physically attending school has hidden benefits: getting up     6    (early), interacting more with peers, and building better relationships with teachers. Moreover, schools should be more than simple institutions of traditional learning. They are places where students     7    (offer) counseling (咨询) and other support.

Those policy-makers are often fascinated by the latest technology in education and its potential to transform education overnight.     8    , online education does not allow a teacher to keep a struggling student after class and offer help. Educational videos are unable to make eye contact or assess a student’s level of engagement. Given these     9    (expect), schools should not become permanently “remote”. Technology, however     10    (advance), should simply be a tool of a good teacher.

10 . 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

On May 15, 2021, the Tianwen-1 probe,     1     (consist) of an orbiter, a lander, and a rover, touched down at its pre-selected landing area in Utopia Planitia, a vast Martian plain, marking the first time China     2     (land) a probe on the planet. The orbiter and rover have completed the targeted scientific exploration missions and have acquired 1,480 GB     3     raw scientific data.

Chinese researchers have conducted a     4     (comprehend) study of typical landforms at the landing area. Through camera images and spectral data, researchers found water-bearing minerals in plate-like hard crust rocks near the landing area,     5     proved that there had been a lot of liquid water activities in the landing area since 1 billion years ago.

“    6     liquid water activity has been found, we believe that there may have been some suitable climate conditions for the origin of life or the     7     (exist) of such conditions in the past billion years on Mars,” Liu Yang, a researcher at the National Space Science Center of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), told CCTV.

These new results strongly support the assumption     8     there was once an ocean on Mars’ Utopia Planitia and also     9     (rich) human scientific understanding of the geological evolution and environmental changes on Mars.

“The fact that the Tianwen-1 gives Chinese scientists first-hand data means that we can most fundamentally analyze our scientific story     10     (base) on the raw data,” said Pan Yongxin, Tianwen-1 mission science applications chief scientist.