1 . Architectural history can take you through the evolution of those structures that served as a mark to remote civilizations, like the Egyptians and their architecture, reflected in pyramids, tombs, and many other ancient buildings along the Nile River．

In fact, the first big architectural design recorded in history was the work of Imhotep, Egyptian high priest（主教）, who designed and built the complex（综合建筑群） that took the name of his king, between the years 2630 to 2611 BC．

Ruins of the most varied architecture speak for themselves about the most varied civilizations, traditions, and beliefs around the world．Without architecture, the history of mankind would be incomplete．

Many surviving buildings of the ancient world are examples of the great things that architecture can do for the world．Among them, we can name the Great Pyramid, listed as one of the seven wonders of the ancient world, and the great Wall of China, built between the years 221 to 206 BC．

As time passed, all buildings and designs began to take special characteristics, becoming symbols of different eras identified as architectural styles．In ancient Greece, where buildings seemed to always be the same, there were three types of columns to identify each period of time．

The Romans inherited from the Greeks most of their traditions, beliefs, and customs, including architecture, but they also developed their own．

Architectural history was influenced by artistic, economic, politic, and socio-cultural events throughout the centuries, and Europe became the cradle（摇篮） of many well-known architects in the years following the fall of the Roman Empire．

As time passes, the actual architecture differs in shape, materials, construction methods, and designing goals, but the work of the architects will continue for generations to come．

1. Who made the first big architectural design recorded in history?

A．Chinese

B．Indians

C．Egyptians

D．British

2. What's the function of ruins of the architecture according to the passage?

A．They give tourists chances to visit them．

B．They help to satisfy the needs of houses．

C．They can bring in a great deal of money for the local people．

D．They represent different cultivations, traditions, and beliefs there and then．

3. Why does the writer mention the Great Pyramid?

A．To show its strength	B．To tell us its importance
C．To show its special style	D．To prove the function of architecture

4. What can we learn from the passage?

A．Architectural history was only influenced by economic and politic events．

B．The Roman Empire was the cradle of famous architects earlier than Europe．

C．The actual architecture remains the same in shape, material and designing goals．

D．Europe was the cradle of famous architects earlier than the Roman Empire．

2 . Thousands of years ago, people didn't live in cold places because they didn't know how to keep themselves warm. Later they learned to make clothes. When an animal was killed, they made use of its skins to cover their bodies. The skins kept them warm. Nature is people's good friend. It once helped people find fire, when lightning(闪电) hit a forest and started a fire. People took some of this fire to their homes. The fire kept them warm, and also frightened wild animals. Soon people found the food cooked tasted much better, so they began to use the fire to cook food. But people still didn't know how to make a fire. When they got a fire from the forest they tried to keep it burning. If it went out, they had to wait for years. But later they found different ways to make fire. For example, they made fire by burning wood or knocking two pieces of stones.

Today it's easy for people to make fire because they have matches, lighters and different kinds of heaters. They can make fire at any time they need.

1. Once people lived only in hot places because they did not know how to _____.

A．kill animals	B．take fire from forest
C．keep themselves warm	D．make matches

2. People use animal skins _____in those days.

A．for food

B．to make fire

C．for burning

D．to warm themselves

3. People later learned how to use fire to ______.

A．cook food

B．kill animals

C．cut off an animal’s skin

D．burn wood

4. People later learned to make fire by burning _____.

A．stones

B．wood

C．dry leaves

D．animal skins

3 . Washington D.C. is the capital of the United States. It’s the center of national government. It’s a busy, working city with a large population. But what is more, Washington is also a city of history and culture.
Washington was created in 1790, when the Congress (the highest lawmaking body of the U.S.A.) decided to place the nation’s new capital in the east of the country. It was built half-way between the northern and southern states of America. And of course it was named after George Washington, the first President of the United States.
There are many tourist sights in Washington. Perhaps the most important tourist sight is the Capital Building. This house is where the Congress is.
Another world-famous building in Washington is the White House. This is the home and office of the President of the United States. Most visitors are, however, surprised by how small the White House actually is.
Washington is also a great culture city. The Library of Congress contains one of the largest library collections in the world. The Smithsonian Museum holds the nation’s largest collection of cultural materials. And the John F. Kennedy Center is a famous center of art and culture. It has many great musical. and theatre performances throughout the year.
Now fill in the table with some information about Washington D.C.(注意：每空不要超过3个单词)

Washington D.C.

History and location	Created in     1    when the Congress decided that, and named after     2	Lies halfway between     3    and     4     states of   America
A capital city	Center of the     5     government
A popular tourist attraction	6    the most important tourist sight	Another important tourist sight is     7
A     8    city	9     has the nation’s largest collection of cultural materials	John F. Kennedy Center is a center famous for     10

4 . Baron Pierre de Coubertin was a Frenchman. At his time sports were not taught in French schools. De Coubertin believed that sports should go hand in hand with studies. He had an idea. His idea was to begin the Olympics all over again.

Sports teachers of other countries liked De Coubertin ideas. So in 1896, the modern Olympic Games were held in Athens, Greece. Since then the Olympics have been held once every four years, except three times, when there were wars.

The modern Olympic games have many foot races and field sports programs. The longest race in the games is called marathon.

Before the start of the Olympic Games, runners carry lighted torch( 火炬 ) through many nations towards the stadium where the games will be held. These sportsmen are from different countries. Yet they work together to carry the Olympic torch. It is passed from runner to runner, When the last runner enters the stadium, he or she places the torch in a special basin filled with oil. It catches fire. It is then, only then, that the Olympic Games can begin.

The Olympic flame burns throughout the games. It is the flame of peace.

1. Before 1896 French schools didn't teach ______.

A．match	B．history
C．sports	D．physics

2. Where were the first Olympic Games held?

A．In Athens,Greece	B．In German
C．In French	D．In Russia

3. According to this passage, the third modern Olympic Games should have been held in ______.

A．1896	B．1904
C．1915	D．1924

5 . When was the first Olympics held?

A．In 1806.

B．In 1896.

C．In 1869.

6 . Today anyone will accept money in exchange for goods and services. People use money to buy food, furniture, books, bicycles and hundreds of other things we need or want. When they work, they usually get paid in money.

Lots of the money today is made of paper. But people used to use all kinds of things as money. One of the first kinds of money was shells. Shells were not the only things used as money.

In China, cloth and knives were used. In the Philippine Islands, rice was used as money for a long time. Some Africans once used elephant tusks, monkey tails, and salt as money.

The first metal coins were made in China. They were round and had a square hole in the center. Different countries have used different metals and designs for their money. Later, countries began to make coins of gold and silver.

But even gold and silver were inconvenient if you had to buy something expensive. Again the Chinese thought of a way to improve money. They began to use paper money. The first paper money looked more like a note from one person to another than the paper money used today.

Money has had an interesting history, form the days of shell money until today.

1. In the Philippine Islands       was once used as money.

A．rice	B．knife
C．cloth	D．wheat

2. What was first used as money?

A．Elephants tusks.	B．Cloth.
C．Salt.	D．Sheik

3. The first paper money         .

A．wan passed from west Asia to China	B．looked like a note used today
C．was first used in Europe	D．looked like a piece of fur

4. We can infer from the passage that         .

A．paper money isn’t difficult to make

B．money must be suited to carry

C．people need money to exchange goods with each other

D．people prefer metal coins to paper notes

7 . A newly discovered ancient Chinese map may prove that it was a Chinese navigator who first discovered America. He may have made the discovery seventy years before Columbus discovered the New World.

The map, which has gone on display in Beijing, is said to be a copy made in 1763 of a much older map dating back to 1418. It clearly describes Africa, Europe and the Americas. If it’s proven to be believable, the map would provide strong evidence to suggest that the famous Ming Dynasty sailor, Zheng He, beat Christopher Columbus, who arrived in America in 1492, to the discovery of the New World.

Liu Gang, a Chinese lawyer and map collector, bought the map in an antique store in Shanghai in 2001 for about 500 U.S. dollars. Liu Gang thinks the map supports the thesis of British author, Gavin Menzies, who in his 2003 book argued Zheng He was the first person to circumnavigate (环航) the globe and discover America sometime between 1421 and 1423. “In principle the British author Gavin is right. Before Columbus, Zheng He discovered America and the whole world. But in detail, not exactly... three years difference. I don’t think that’s a big deal.” Liu said.

Zheng He commanded a group of ships, which sailed between 1405 and 1433 at the order of the emperor during China’s Ming Dynasty. His aim was to spread the glory (光荣) of China to the world and establish trade.

1. We learn from Paragraph 1 that       .

A．the writer was proud of an ancient map

B．both the Chinese navigator and Columbus were heroes

C．the ancient map made by a Chinese navigator was just found

D．the Chinese navigator may be the first man who discovered America

2. Which of the following correctly describes the ancient map?

A．The ancient map on display in Beijing is said to be made in 1418.

B．The ancient map, which is said to be made in 1763, has been on display in Beijing.

C．The ancient map was bought by Liu Gang, a Chinese navigator in 2001.

D．The ancient map was introduced to be listed in Gavin’ book by Liu Gang to support his idea.

3. What does the British author in his book try to argue in the passage?

A．The first person who discovered America may be Zheng He.

B．The first person to circumnavigate the globe is not worth discussing.

C．The year when Zheng He discovered America may be between 1421 and 1423.

D．The year when Christopher Columbus discovered America was ahead of 1423.

4. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?

A．Ancient Map and Mu Clang.

B．Zheng He, Liu Gang and British Author.

C．Zheng He Spreads the Glory of China to the World.

D．Ancient Map Suggests Chinese Discovered America

8 . Today there are policemen everywhere, but in 1700, London had no policemen at all. A few old men used to protect the city streets at night and they were not paid.

About 300 years ago, London was starting to get bigger and more and more people began to live there. The city was very dirty and many people were poor. There were so many thieves who stole money in the streets that people stayed in their homes as much as possible.

In 1750,Henry Fielding started to pay a group of people to stop thieves. They were like policemen and were called “Bow Street Runners” because they worked near Bow Street.

Fifty years later, there were 120 “Bow Street Runners”, but London had become very big and needed more policemen. So in 1829 , the first Metropolitan(or London)Police Force was started with 3,000 officers. Most of the men worked on foot, but a few rode horses. Until 1920 all the police in London were men.

Today, London police are quite well paid and for the few police officers who still ride horses, the pay is even better than for the others.

1. In 1700, the men who protected the streets were paid __________ .

A．a few	B．nothing
C．a little	D．a lot

2. About 300 years ago, many people __________.

A．wanted to leave London	B．had big houses in London
C．became policemen	D．came to live in London

3. People didn’t leave their houses because __________ .

A．they had no money	B．they were afraid of losing money
C．the city was not clean	D．they liked homes