1 . 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

Some time after 10,000 BC, people made the first real attempt to control the world they lived     1     , through agriculture. Over thousands of years, they began to depend less on     2     could be hunted or gathered from the wild, and more on animals they had raised and crops they had sown.

Farming produced more food per person     3     hunting and gathering, so people were able to raise more children. And，as more children were born, more food     4    (need). Agriculture gave people their first experience of the power of technology     5    (change) lives.

By about 6000 BC，people     6     (discover)the best crops to grow and animals to raise. Later，they learned to work with the     7     (season)，planting at the right time and, in dry areas,     8     (make) use of annual floods to irrigate (灌溉) their fields.

This style of farming lasted for quite a long time. Then，with     9     rise of science, changes began. New methods     10     (mean) that fewer people worked in farming. In the last century or so, these changes have accelerated. New power machinery and artificial fertilizers (化肥) have now totally transformed a way of life that started in the Stone Age.

2 . Before the 1830s, most newspapers were sold through annual subscriptions in America, usually $8 to $10 a year. Today $8 or $10 seems a small amount of money, but at that time these amounts were forbidding to most citizens. Accordingly, newspapers were read almost only by rich people in politics or the trades. In addition, most newspapers had little in them that would appeal to a mass audience. They were dull and visually forbidding. But the revolution that was taking place in the 1830s would change all that.

The trend, then, was toward the “penny paper”—a term referring to papers made widely available to the public. It meant any inexpensive newspaper; perhaps more importantly it meant newspapers that could be bought in single copies on the street.

This development did not take place overnight. It had been possible(but not easy) to buy single copies of newspapers before 1830, but this usually meant the reader had to go down to the printer’s office to purchase a copy. Street sales were almost unknown. However, within a few years, street sales of newspapers would be commonplace in eastern cities. At first the price of single copies was seldom a penny—usually two or three cents was charged—and some of the older well-known papers charged five or six cents. But the phrase “penny paper” caught the public’s fancy, and soon there would be papers that did indeed sell for only a penny.

This new trend of newspapers for “the man on the street” did not begin well. Some of the early ventures(企业) were immediate failures. Publishers already in business, people who were owners of successful papers, had little desire to change the tradition. It took a few youthful and daring businessmen to get the ball rolling.

1. Which of the following best describes newspapers in America before the 1830s?

A．Academic.

B．Unattractive.

C．Inexpensive.

D．Confidential.

2. What did street sales mean to newspapers?

A．They would be priced higher.	B．They would disappear from cities.
C．They could have more readers.	D．They could regain public trust.

3. Who were the newspapers of the new trend targeted at?

A．Local politicians.	B．Common people.
C．Young publishers.	D．Rich businessmen.

4. What can we say about the birth of the penny paper?

A．It was a difficult process.	B．It was a temporary success.
C．It was a robbery of the poor.	D．It was a disaster for printers.

4 . A handshake seems to be a normal gesture. In fact, in the 9th century BC, an ancient site during the ruling of Shalmaneser III clearly shows two figures holding hands. The Iliad, usually dated to the 8th century BC, mentions that two characters “taking each other’s hands and expressing their loyalty.” Centuries later, Shakespeare once wrote of two characters who shook hands and swore to be brothers in the book As You Like It. Shaking hands seems to be an ancient custom whose roots have disappeared in the sands of time.

Historians who have studied ancient etiquette (礼仪) books note that the modern handshake did not appear until the middle of the 19th century, when it was considered a slightly inappropriate gesture that could only be used between friends. But what if Shakespeare had written about handshaking hundreds of years earlier?

According to author Torbjdm Lundmark in his Tales of Hi and Bye: Greeting and Parting Rituals Around the World. the problem comes in differing definitions of the handshake. The early handshakes mentioned above were part of making deals or peace; King Shalmaneser III referred to a rebellion in which he signed a treaty with the King of Babylon. In the Iliad, Diomedes and Glaucus shook hands when they realized they were guest-friends, and Diomedes declared: 66Lefs not try to kill each other. Shakespeare was similarly referencing settlement of a conflict.

The modern handshake as a form of greeting is harder to trace. As a Dutch sociologist Herman Roodenburg — the chief authority for the history of handshaking ——wrote in a chapter of an anthology called A Cultural History of Gesture, “More than in any other field, that of the study of gesture is one in which the historian has to make the most of only a few clues”.

One of the earliest clues he cites is a 16th-century German translation of the French writer Rabelais’s Gargantua and Pantagruel. When one character meets Gargantua, Rabelais writes, ”He was greeted by countless hugs and countless good days.” But according to Roodenburg, the 16th-century German translation added references to shaking hands.

A popular saying suggests that Cleland’s statements against bowing were actually a wish to go back to a potentially traditional method of greeting in Europe. As the centuries progressed, handshaking was replaced by more hierarchical (等级的)ways of greeting - like bowing. According to Roodenburg, handshaking survived in a few remote places, like in Dutch towns where some would use the gesture to make peace after disagreements. Around the same time, those who valued equality also made use of handshaking. Then, as the Continent’s hierarchy was weakened, handshaking became a common practice among people of the same rank, as it is today.

1. Why does the author mention Shakespeare in the first two paragraphs?

A．To prove that the history of handshaking is hard to find.

B．To illustrate that handshaking is a very old custom.

C．To show readers that handshaking is common in fiction.

D．To explain the value of handshaking in communication.

2. What can we learn about handshaking from the passage?

A．The origin of handshaking as a form of greeting is easy to trace.

B．Citizens usually shake hands to show friendliness in Holland.

C．It was used only between friends and to reach an agreement.

D．It is a common practice between people of different social positions.

3. Which of the following is similar in meaning to “anthology” in Para. 4?

A．the science of mental ability

B．a collection of selected literary passages

C．a daily written record of experiences

D．all the living things of a particular region

4. What can be inferred from the last paragraph of the passage?

A．The handshake has disappeared in some remote parts of the Netherlands.

B．Handshaking has different meanings in different European countries.

C．Handshakes are now common between people of different positions.

D．Most Europeans prefer to shake hands owing to the weakening effect of rank.

6 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Horses, SpongeBob and the Monkey King from Chinese legend — you probably wouldn’t expect to see this collection of animals, pop cultural icons and mythological creatures     1     (fly) together in the sky, but this event happens every year in Weifang, the World Kite Capital in Shandong Province.

Kites, which were invented over 2,000 years ago in China    2     (believe) to be the earliest flying objects created by humans. After centuries of development, kites have become one of the country’s     3     (represent) handicrafts, and kite-making technique was included in     4     list of China’s national intangible cultural heritage in 2006.

The city of Weifang is known as a global center of kite culture     5     it is widely regarded as the birthplace of these popular flying toys. Today in Weifang, the themes of kites are     6     (incredible) diverse, encompassing (包 含 ) animals, cultural relics, myths, and legends. Besides, there are virtually no limitations on the shapes or sizes of kites, which can be made    7    (show) people’s ideals and ambitions. This     8     (diverse) can be observed at the annual Weifang International Kite Festival,     9     has been held on the third Saturday of every April since 1984. More than 10,000 participants from over 30 countries and regions around the world compete     10     the festival every year.

8 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

The long-awaited moment arrived. As an epic (史诗)     1     brings back to life some of the most iconic poets from the Tang Dynasty (618-907), the highly     2     (anticipate) animated movie Chang’an held its premiere (首映) in     3     was once its namesake city, now known as Xi’an, the provincial capital of Shaanxi province on July 2.

Produced by Light Chaser Animation,     4     Beijing-based animated studio known for its focus on tales inspired by traditional culture and legends, the film     5     (schedule) for a nationwide release on July 8.

    6     a runtime of 168 minutes, the longest of any Chinese animated movie to date, Chang’an describes the decades-long friendship of Li Bai, arguably the country’s most beloved poet, and Gao Shi, his close friend and a noted poet as well, and also     7     (reveal) the dynasty’s transition from peak prosperity to decline due to the unrest caused by An Lushan, who was once one of Emperor Xuanzong’s most favored     8     (general).

Xie Junwei, who co-directs the movie with Zou Jing, says that he made multiple trips to Xi’an in search of inspiration during the production,     9     (add) that the small statues and ancient paintings exhibited at the Shaanxi History Museum provided them with     10     (value) ideas for the film.

10 . 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

A comforting cup of tea is an essential part of the day for hundreds of millions of people around the globe. Worldwide, three cups of tea     1     (consume) for every cup of coffee. To    2    (full) appreciate the ancient roots of the herbal drink, a visit to the China National Tea Museum might be in order. The institution has a long history.

    3    (locate)in Hangzhou, the museum occupies a parklike setting. Inside, various halls demonstrate the story of tea, its ceremonies and its tools. Records of tea drinking date as far back as the     4     (ten) century B.C. in China. Originally the leaves were baked into a brick, a part of     5     could be broken off and made into a powder. Tea spread into northern China during the Tang Dynasty; by the Song Dynasty it     6    (acquire) a loose-leaf production as well as the ceremonies that made its consumption     7     art form.

The art of tea extended to its fancy containers, which are     8     display at the museum.Gracefully rounded kettles date back 5,000 years; tea bowls from the Tang Dynasty have a beautiful simplicity. Today     9     (visit) can observe a tea ceremony that might be enough     10    (change) even the most passionate coffee drinker