1 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

The Yinxu Museum opens in Anyang, Henan province, to display the brilliance of the 3,000-year-old Shang civilization.

Nearly 4,000 unearthed cultural relics are displayed in the museum. More than three quarters of these have never been     1     (public) exhibited before. The 23 vehicles unearthed from Yinxu are the     2     (highlight) in the new galleries. Also on display     3     (be) Shang relics collected from across the rest of present-day China.

The Yinxu Ruins,     4     (list) as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2006, hosted a later period Shang capital city. The site also produced rich findings of 3,300-year-old bones,     5     (reveal) the oldest-known established writing system of Chinese characters,     6     are extraordinary and serve as a vital link in the development of the Chinese nation.

Many key breakthroughs     7     (make) in recent years at the Yinxu site and its surrounding areas. For example,     8     urban road system and the remains of an artificial lake in the royal temple area were found.

These discoveries further displayed a grand picture of a capital city     9     carried forward the project of tracking the origins of the Chinese civilization. Through the exhibits, the public can comprehensively understand the achievements made by the Shang Dynasty in terms     10     politics, economy, agriculture, military affairs, among others.

2 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

“Cold the iron chains spanning over the Dadu River,” Chairman Mao Zedong wrote in a poem, describing the do-or-die battle which took place on the Luding Bridge. The Bridge,     1     (measure) 103.67 meters in length and 3 meters in width, is located in Sichuan Province, which was     2     (original) built in 1705 during the Qing Dynasty. Near the Luding Bridge considered a historical landmark    3     (stand) a museum, in front of which there is a bronze statue of the soldiers whose spirit makes the bridge a household name.

Over 80 years ago, the bridge was crucial to the survival of the CPC-led Red Army during the Long March because if the soldiers had failed to dash through the Luding Bridge then, the Red Army might have been wiped out. Upon their     4     (arrive), the Red Army found only thirteen heavy iron chains    5     (leave) across the river. With no time to waste, one by one the Red soldiers ventured forward to risk their lives and of those who offered    6     (they), thirty were chosen. Though several soldiers fell into     7    fast-flowing river,the others crawled along the wood boards they had laid until they finally took control of the east bank .

Probably never before had people seen fighters like these-men for whom soldiering was not just a rice bowl,     8    a mission. They astonishingly accomplished    9     seemed like a task impossible and their    10    (courage) spirit will always stick in our mind.

3 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Originating in southwest China, tea enriches and nourishes the life of Chinese people, and gives rise to a unique and profound tea culture.

Dating back to over 2000 years ago, tea has risen above differences in diets and cultures and enjoyed worldwide     1     (popular) with its unique fragrance. Since the Tang Dynasty, Chinese tea has made     2     way to the world, through the Ancient Tea Horse Road and the Ancient Silk Road,     3     (shape) different tea drinking customs and cultures along the way. After the 18th century, Chinese tea seeds     4     (introduce) to India, Sri Lanka and later other countries, and now more than 60 countries are growing tea.

Chinese tea falls into six categories,     5     (name) green tea, white tea, yellow tea, oolong tea, black tea and dark tea,     6     (base) on different production methods and fermentation (发酵) degrees.     7     the only country in the world capable of producing and processing sixteen categories, China     8     (develop) an automated and standardized way with great innovation. In 2016, China exported 271,000 tons of green tea,     9     quality has won world recognition.

In tea, we find art, prosperity and our journey ahead. Chinese tea culture values harmony and sincerity,     10     spirit that shares the same origin with the Silk Road.

4 . While conducting a survey by airplane of northern Guatemala, researchers detected an ancient Maya site. “We can now see the entire landscape of the Maya region” in this section of Guatemala, said Carlos Morales-Aguilar, one of the researchers from the Department of Geography and the Environment at the University of Texas.

The findings were the result of the survey using lidar (雷达), or light detection and ranging, which has been revolutionary for studying historic sites. In lidar, lasers are sent out and the reflected light is used to create imagery of a landscape. The technology is particularly beneficial in areas with limited visibility such as the rainforest in maya site, as lasers can enter the heavy tree canopy, the thick cover formed by the leafy upper branches in a forest.

The lidar data showed “for the first time an area that was integrated politically and economically, and never seen before in other places in the Western Hemisphere (西半球),” Carlos wrote in the study. Using data from the scans, the team identified more than 1,000 settlements dotting the region. They were interconnected by 100 miles of causeways that the Maya likely traveled on foot. They also detected the remains of several large platforms and pyramids, along with canals and reservoirs used for water collection.

So what made this region so attractive that the Maya would want to settle there in the first place?

“For the Maya, the Mirador-Calakmul Karst Basin was the ‘Goldilocks Zone’,” Ross Ensley wrote, partner of Carlos, a geologist from the Institute for Geological Study of the Maya Lowlands in Houston, Texas. “The Maya settled in this region because it had the right mix of uplands for settlement and lowlands for agriculture.” Uplands lie above the level where flooding occurs. They provided a source for limestone, their primary building material, and dry land to live on. The lowlands are mostly seasonal swamps (沼泽), which provided space for wetland agriculture as well as organic-rich soil for use in terraced agriculture.

Researchers hope lidar technology will help them explore sections of Guatemala that have remained a mystery for centuries.

1. Why did the researchers use lidar in the survey?

A．It detects a wide range of lasers.	B．It pictures quick and clear imagery.
C．It passes lights through forests easily.	D．It improves the visibility of rainforests.

2. What is paragraph 3 mainly about?

A．Why Maya drew great attention.	B．How Maya people made a living.
C．The research process after surveying the Maya.	D．The findings through observing the Maya region.

3. What can we infer about the Maya people according to Ross Ensley?

A．They transformed the land to survive.	B．They were good at upland agriculture.
C．They preferred to build houses using limestone.	D．They made a sound choice about where to settle.

4. Which is the best title for the text?

A．The Perfect Habitat for the Maya People

B．The Secrets of the Ancient Maya Civilization

C．Revolutionary Use of Lidar Reveals Maya Settlements

D．Lidar Technology Unlocks New Discoveries of Rainforests

5 . As archaeologists (考古学家) examined ancient tombs in Turfan in western China, they discovered some surprisingly well-preserved and familiar relics. Though hardened from over 1,000 years, there sat little dumplings.

Exactly who invented dumplings remains a mystery. But some scholars suspect they were first spread by nomadic (游牧的) Turkic peoples living in western China and Central Asia. This is thought to be the case because “manti,” meaning “dumpling” or “steamed bun” in many Turkic languages, appears to be the root word for dumpling in several other languages. Ancient Turkic people probably filled their dumplings with meat. But it’s unclear when this practice began, or whether they learned the art of dumpling-making from others. However this happened, dumplings certainly gathered steam in ancient China.

Dumplings continued to take off and diversify in China over the next thousand years. Instead of the traditional meat filling, some communities chose vegetarian (素食) dumplings. People developed new cooking methods. The relationship between Chinese dumplings and those in other areas is tricky to trace, but food historians have made their best guesses based on available clues.

Besides Turkic tribes, some scholars believe that the Mongol Empire also contributed to the spread of dumplings, perhaps introducing them to parts of Eastern Europe. These dumplings could have come by way of China or directly from some of the Turkic peoples the Mongols hired to run their empire. One theory is that this gave rise to dumplings like pelmeni in Russia, pierogi in Poland and vareniki in Ukraine. The Mongol Empire also controlled Korea and might have likewise introduced dumplings there. Later, after Chinese dumpling varieties were introduced to more countries, English speakers began calling them dumplings, which means “little lumps”. During the Second World War, Chinese “jiaozi” were brought to Japan. So what about the Italian dumpling-like pasta? Some historians think it might be brought by Arab conquerors.

It’s unlikely that all dumpling dishes came from the same root tradition. However, we can appreciate the mysterious historical web that made dumplings so various.

1. What made Turkic peoples suspected to first spread dumplings?

A．The languages they used.	B．Their eating habits.
C．Their dumpling-making skills.	D．The newly found tombs.

2. What does the phrase “gathered steam” in paragraph 2 mean?

A．Originated.	B．Stabilized.
C．Got well-cooked.	D．Became popular.

3. What does paragraph 4 focus on?

A．The spreading process of dumplings.

B．The possible origins of dumplings.

C．Differences between various dumplings.

D．Reasons for the popularity of dumplings.

4. Which of the following best describe dumplings according to the passage?

A．Delicious.

B．Diverse.

C．Unusual.

D．Regional.

7 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词，或括号内单词的正确形式。

The time for the palace examination came. Ouyang Xiu was appointed by the emperor as the chief examiner. The approach to this most critical moment of a scholar’s life     1     (fill) with keen excitement, tense hope, and a nervous fear of failure. It was the moment to     2     all his years of hard work and hours of burning the midnight oil were supposed to lead.

The candidates had to get up in the middle of the night and come to the palace at dawn,     3       (bring) their cold meals with them. During the examinations, they were shut up in small rooms     4     the watch of palace guards. There was a strict system to prevent cheating. The candidates’ papers were recopied by official clerks     5     they were submitted to the judge, to avoid     6     (recognize) of their identity by their handwriting.

After the examinations, the judges were shut up within the palace until the papers were properly graded and submitted to the emperor. The candidates were examined first on questions of history or     7     (principle) of government. There was     8     second examination on the classics, and finally, there was one under the direct supervision of the emperor.

Emperor Jentsung (宋仁宗) was     9     (especial)anxious to hire good talent and took a personal interest in these tests. He sent out the subjects for the papers by his own personal servants, and sometimes, to prevent leak, changed     10     (they) at the last moment.

8 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Chinese book culture has a long history. Its roots can be traced back thousands of years, to the earliest known     1    (write) records in China. Over the centuries, books    2    (be) an essential part of Chinese culture, playing a vital role in preserving knowledge and    3    (provide) a source of inspiration for generations.

The first major development in Chinese book culture was the invention of woodblock printing by Bi Sheng in the 11th century. This revolutionized book production, making it much    4    (easy) to produce and distribute books. During China’s Ming Dynasty there was a great booming of books and it    5    (see) the birth of China’s best-known book, Journey to the West by Wu Cheng’en, which is still    6    (wide) read and studied today.

In modern times, new genres such as science fiction and fantasy have grown in    7    (popular), while electronic books are becoming increasingly popular. The development of book culture has had a profound impact     8    Chinese society, with many books becoming cultural touchstones and inspiring people to think about their lives and the world around them.

With its rich history and diverse genres, Chinese book culture provides a window into Chinese society. From ancient classics to modern bestsellers, Chinese books can open up    9    new world of ideas and knowledge for readers around the globe. As such, it is an important part of our collective global culture, and one    10    should be learned more about.

9 . 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1 个单词）或括号单词的正确形式。

The Giant Wild Goose Pagoda (大雁塔),    1     (situate) in Da Ci’en Temple, Xi’an, is one of the famous Buddhist pagodas in China. Although it fell into disrepair after the Tang Dynasty, some of its halls survived and    2    (reconstruct) during the Ming Dynasty.

In 652 AD, Master Xuan Zang proposed building a pagoda to store scriptures (经文) and statues he    3    (bring) from India. He even designed the pagoda himself. Legend has    4    that its name, Wild Goose Pagoda, comes from a story of wild geese providing food for monks in India.

There is a famous painting inside, “Xuan Zang on His Way Back to Chang’an.” With a pair of straw sandals (草鞋) on his feet, Xuan Zang carries    5    (roll) of Buddhist scriptures    6    his back, making his way back to    7    capital with eager expectations.

In the Tang Dynasty, many officials wrote poems on the walls of the pagoda to express their    8    (happy) and wish future success. Xuan Zang spent 12 years    9    (translate) 1,335 volumes of Buddhist scriptures. Emperor Tai Zong and Crown Prince Li Zhi wrote texts praising his work,    10    are still displayed at the pagoda’s south gate.