1 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Originally constructed around 256 BCE by the State of Qin     1     an irrigation and flood control system, Dujiangyan is a remarkable example of ancient engineering skill and is still     2     use today.

During the Warring States period, people who lived along the banks of the Min River     3     (trouble) by annual flooding. Qin governor and irrigation engineer Li Bing investigated the problem thoroughly. He led a fantastic team     4     (construct) a levee (堤坝) to redirect a part of the river’s flow. Then they decided to cut     5     channel through Mount Yulei to let the water flow through it. After the system was finished, no more floods     6     (occur). What’s more, it made Sichuan one of the most productive agricultural     7     (region) in China because the redirected water from the Min River could be used for irrigation. If you visit Dujiangyan, you will see an     8     (usual) construction that looks like a fish’s mouth. This famous attraction, Yuzui, together with two other important parts, namely, Feishayan and Baopingkou, was     9     (scientific) designed to control the water flow throughout the year.

    10     (recognize) as a UNESCO heritage site, Dujiangyan has irrigated farms while preventing floods for over 2,000 years.

3 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Wandering sounds,     1    (regular) rhythms and a carrier of gentle emotions. This is the musical language of guqin, a plucked seven string instrument created in ancient China.

The earliest piece of guqin in China,     2     was unearthed in Hubei province in 2016,     3    (date) back to the Zhou Dynasty (c. 11th century -256BC). The body of a guqin is made of lacquered wood and the strings of twisted silk. Unlike its seemingly simple     4    (appear), making a guqin is extremely     5    (demand). An outstanding piece can take anywhere from two to several decades to craft. It is a crystallization (结晶) of art and time.

The tone of a guqin is quiet, ethereal and distant. Vibrations are suppressed to produce an undulating (起伏) and lasting flavor,     6     abundant empty notes in between. As the listener fills in the voids in their own minds, a connection is formed between music and man.

The guqin     7    (favor) by the literati in ancient China. The most renowned guqin musician was Yu Boya in the Spring and Autumn (770-476 BC) and Warring States (475-221 BC) periods. As he played his guqin in the mountains, a woodcutter named Zhong Ziqi heard the music and understood exactly     8     Yu wanted to express. This deep understanding formed     9     strong bond between them, and they became close friends. This is the famous tale behind the guqin masterpiece, Flowing Water, High Mountains. The piece has been passed down through generations and is considered one of the most famous and important     10    (compose) in Chinese guqin music.

5 . 语法填空

Chinese archaeologists (考古学家) announced Saturday that some new major discoveries have been made at the legendary Sanxingdui Ruins site in Sichuan Province.

Archaeologists have found six new sacrificial pits (祭祀坑) and unearthed more than 500 items     1     (date) back about 3,000 years at the Sanxingdui Ruins. The new pits sit next to two sacrificial pits     2     (discover) in 1986. Together they form an area in     3     people of the ancient Shu civilization offered sacrifices to heaven, earth and their     4     (ancestor), and prayed for prosperity and peace.

The pits are rectangular (矩形的),     5     areas ranging between 3.5 square meters and 19 square meters. So far, archaeologists have unearthed     6     (variety) cultural items from four of the pits, including pieces of gold masks, gold foil, bronze masks, bronze trees, ivory and jade.     7     rest of the newly discovered pits are still under excavation (挖掘).

The discoveries have shown the distinctiveness of the Shu civilization and the     8     (diverse) of the Chinese civilization.

    9     (literal) meaning “Three-Star Piles”, the Sanxingdui Ruins Site is among China’s top 10 archaeological finds of the 20th century. Covering 12 square kilometers, the relics site, located in the city of Guanghan, about 60 kilometers from Chengdu,     10    (believe) to be the remnants (遗迹) of the Shu Kingdom in ancient China.

6 . 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Stormy waves cut short the voyage of the Chinese merchant ship as it left a southern port loaded     1     porcelain (瓷器) to sell its wares along the ancient trade route known as the Marine Silk Road. 800 years later, Chinese scientists awakened the ship     2     (lie) upright on the seabed miles off the coast of Guangdong, which was     3     (true) amazing and impossible to value.

It is Chinese experts’     4     (believe) that the ship dates back to the second period of the Song Dynasty. At 25 meters long and 10 meters wide, it has been the largest cargo ship from that golden period of Chinese merchant history     5     (discover) so far.

The ship was well preserved. The scientists used a huge steel basket     6     (lift) it out in one piece, better to preserve its     7     (origin) looks. They then stored     8     in a purpose-built museum.

Discovered by accident in 1987, the ship     9     (name) Nanhai No. 1. Being buried in two meters of mud did much to protect the ship,     10     it made excavation (挖掘) very difficult.

7 . In the mid-1980s, a study compared mtDNA from people around the world. It found that people of African descent (后裔) had twice as many genetic differences from each other than as did others. Because mutations (基因突变) seem to occur at a steady rate over time, scientists were able to conclude that modern humans must have lived in Africa at least twice as long as anywhere else. They now calculate that all living humans descend from a single woman who lived roughly 150,000 years ago in Africa, “Eve”. If geneticists are right, all of humanity is linked to Eve through an unbroken chain of mothers. This Eve was soon joined by “Y-Chromosome (染色体) Adam”, the genetic father of us all, also from Africa. DNA studies have confirmed that all the people on Earth, with all their shapes and colors, can trace their ancestry to ancient Africans.

What seems certain is that at a remarkably recent date—probably between 50,000 and 70,000 years ago—one small group of people, the ancestors of modern humans outside of Africa, left Africa for western Asia, either by migrating around the northern end of the Red Sea or across its narrow southern opening.

Once in Asia, genetic evidence suggests, the population split. One group stopped temporarily in the Middle East, while the other commenced a journey which would last tens of thousands of years. Moving a little further with each new generation, they followed the coast around the Arabian Peninsula, India, and Southeast Asia, all the way to Australia. ''The movement was probably unnoticeable,'' says Spencer Wells. ''It was less of a journey and probably more like walking a little farther down the beach to get away from the crowd.''

Although archaeological evidence of this 13,000-kilometer (8,000-mile) migration from Africa to Australia has almost completely disappeared, genetic traces of the group that made the trip do exist. They have been found in the DNA of native peoples in the Andaman Islands near Myanmar, in Malaysia, and in Papua New Guinea, and in the DNA of nearly all Australian aborigines (土著). Modern discoveries of 45,000-year-old bodies in Australia, buried at a site called Lake Mungo, provide some physical evidence for the theories as well.

People in the rest of Asia and Europe share different but equally ancient mtDNA and mutations. The mutations which they possess show that most are descendants of the group that stayed in the Middle East for thousands of years before moving on. Perhaps about 40,000 years ago, modern humans first advanced into Europe.

1. What can be inferred from the first paragraph?

A．Mutations occasionally take place over time

B．Modern humans probably have only one ancestor.

C．Modern humans must have lived in Africa for a shorter time than anywhere else.

D．Scientists confirm all of humanity is linked to Eve with physical evidence .

2. What happened to the first group of humans that moved from Africa into Asia?

A．Most of the migrants turned back into Africa.

B．They separated into two groups.

C．Most of the migrants moved directly into Europe.

D．They stayed in the Middle East for tens of thousands of years.

3. Which of the following is cited as evidence for the great migration to Australia?

A．Discovery of human remains in Australia	B．DNA of people in Southeast Africa
C．DNA of immigrants to Australia	D．Discoveries from modern societies in Asia

4. The title for this reading could be _______.

A．Finding Y-Chromosome Adam	B．Who were the First Humans?
C．The Discovery of DNA in Africa	D．Migrating Out of Africa

8 . Built during the Hellenisic period (希腊化时代), sometime between 324 and 246 BCE, the Great Library of Alexandria is said to be an architectural wonder of ancient Egypt. More importantly, the library housed a vast collection of works from all across the ancient world and was a major center of scholarship. The library was charged with an important task of collecting all of the world’s books, and employed many methods to acquire new works. A well-funded acquisitions department searched the book fairs of Rhodes and Athens, buying individual texts or even whole libraries. Ships that landed at the harbor of Alexandria were searched for books to add to the library’s collection. The library also employed a number of scholars who produced original works on subjects such as astronomy, mathematics, and physics.

In addition, the workers and scholars of the Great Library translated texts from around the world into Greek. Some of the first translations of Biblical texts into Greek may have taken place at the library in the time of Ptolemy I. Much work was done to edit authoritative versions (权威版) of the Homeric myths (荷马时代的神话) for which the Greeks are so well known today, and these were only a few of the great works of translation and editing that took place in Alexandria in the Hellenistic period.

It is ironic (讽刺的) that the fate of the Great Library — an institution devoted to the collection and preservation of knowledge — is covered in myth and mystery. Many sources say the library burned down, but the date is uncertain. It may have burned down more than once, either by accident, or design. Smaller sister institutions may have survived the original library, only to be destroyed later. The Great Library, or some version of it, could have survived for anywhere between 300 and 1,000 years. However it ended, there can be little doubt that the scholarship of the Great Library had a great and lasting effect on history, and the works that were kept, translated, or created there have had a great influence on our culture even to the present day.

1. What can be inferred from the text about the Great Library?

A．It was mainly financed by Ptolemy I.

B．Some works of it survive to the present day.

C．Most Greek myths were originally created at it.

D．It aimed to become the world’s knowledge center.

2. How does the author explain the translation and editing work of the Great Library?

A．By giving examples.	B．By following space order.
C．By describing the difference.	D．By analyzing cause and effect.

3. What does the author think of the Great Library?

A．It was too mysterious to be true.	B．It was influential and valuable.
C．It inspired modern libraries.	D．It wasted too much money.

4. What is the text mainly about?

A．The Great Library’s brief history.

B．The Great Library’s disappearance.

C．The effect of two ancient civilizations.

D．The role of libraries throughout history.

9 . 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式

The Amber Room     1    (put) up in 1709. It used to belong     2    Frederick William I, the first King of Prussia. Peter the Great fell in love with the room on a visit, and in 1716 the King of Prussia sent it to Peter the Great as a gift.

The Amber Room was shipped to Russia in 18 large boxes and put in the Winter Palace in St Petersburg as a part of a European art collection. It was first open in 1746 in the Winter Palace,     3    it was housed till 1755. In 1755, Czarina Elizabeth ordered the room     4    (move) to the Catherine Palace in Pushkin. An Italian     5    (art) Bartolomeo Francesco Rastrelli redesigned the room to fit into its new larger space,     6    (use) extra amber from Berlin.

    7    seems hard to believe that boxes of several tons of amber could go missing, and many historians have tried to solve the mystery. Most of them believe     8    the boxes were destroyed in the Second World War. One of the more extreme theories is that Stalin     9    (actual) had a second Amber Room and the Germans stole a fake (赝品).

The history of the new Amber Room, at least, is known for sure. The reconstruction (重建),     10    was based largely on black and white photographs of the original Amber Room, began in 1979 at Tsarskoye Selo and was completed 25 years later.

10 . The Great Fire of London started in the very early hours of 2 September 1666. In four days it destroyed more than three-quarters of the old city, where most of the houses were wooden and close together. One hundred thousand people became homeless, but only a few lost their lives.
The fire started on Sunday morning in the house of the King's baker in Pudding Lane. The baker, with his wife and family, was able to get out through a window in the roof. A strong wind blew the fire from the bakery into a small hotel next door. Then it spread quickly into Thames Street. That was the beginning.
By eight o'clock three hundred houses were on fire. On Monday nearly a kilometer of the city was burning along the River Thames. Tuesday was the worst day. The fire destroyed many well-known buildings, old St Paul's and the Guildhall among them.
Samuel Pepys, the famous writer, wrote about the fire. People threw their things into the river. Many poor people stayed in their houses until the last moment. Birds fell out of the air because of the heat.
The fire stopped only when the King finally ordered people to destroy hundreds of buildings in the path of the fire. With nothing left to burn, the fire became weak and finally died out.
After the fire, Christopher Wren, the architect, wanted a city with wider streets and fine new houses of stone. In fact, the streets are still narrow; but he did build more than fifty churches, among them was new St Paul's.
The fire caused great pain and loss, but after it London was a better place: a city for the future and not just of the past.
1. It seems that the writer of the text was most sorry for the fact that   ______.

A．many famous buildings were destroyed

B．the birds in the sky were killed by the fire

C．some people lost their lives

D．the King's bakery was burned down

2. Why did the writer cite (引用)Samuel Pepys’ words?

A．Because Pepys was among those putting out the fire.

B．Because Pepys also wrote about the fire.

C．To give the reader a clearer picture of the fire.

D．To show that poor people suffered most.

3. How was the fire put out according to the text?

A．Houses standing in the direction of the fire were pulled down.

B．All the wooden houses in the city were destroyed.

C．People managed to get enough water from the river.

D．The king and his soldiers came to help.

4. Which of the following were reasons for the rapid spread (扩散)of the big fire?
(a) There was a strong wind.
(b) The streets were very narrow.
(c) Many houses were made of wood.
(d) There was not enough water in the city.
(e) People did not discover the fire earlier.

A．(a) and (b)	B．(a), (b), (c), (d) and (e)
C．(a), (b), (c) and (d)	D．(a), (b) and (c)