1 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

During China’s dynastic period, emperors planned the city of Beijing     1     arranged the residential areas according to social classes. The term “hutong”,     2     (original)meaning “water well” in Mongolian, appeared first during the Yuan Dynasty.

In the Ming Dynasty, the center was the Forbidden City,     3     (surround)in concentric(同心的)circles by the Inner City and Outer City. Citizens of higher social classes     4     (permit)to live closer to the center of the circles. The large siheyuan of these high-ranking officials and wealthy businessmen often     5     (feature)beautifully carved and painted roof beams and pillars(柱子). The hutongs they formed were orderly, lined by     6     (space)homes and walled gardens. Farther from the center lived the commoners and laborers. Their siheyuan were far smaller in scale and     7     (simple)in design and decoration, and the hutongs were narrower.

Hutongs represent an important cultural element of the city of Beijing. Thanks to Beijing’s long history     8     capital of China, almost every hutong has its stories, and some are even associated with historic     9     (event). In contrast to the court life and upper-class culture represented by the Forbidden City, the Summer Palace, and the Temple of Heaven, the hutongs reflect     10     culture of grassroots Beijingers.

4 . 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

The official mascots (吉祥物) of the 19^th Asian Games Hangzhou 2022 — three sporty robots    1    (name) Congcong, Lianlian, and Chenchen —    2     (introduce) to the public at a digital launch ceremony in Hangzhou, China    3    April 3, 2020. Each represents a UNESCO World Heritage Site located in the host city.

The robot Congcong represents the Archaeological Ruins of Liangzhu City. Its name comes from the Cong jade pendant (玉琮) — a classic relic unearthed from the Ruins    4    dates back around 5000 years. The robot Lianlian represents West Lake and its name means the endless lotus (莲花)     5     (leaf) on West Lake. The robot Chenchen represents the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal, and it takes its name from the Gongchen Bridge, a landmark structure on    6    Hangzhou section of the Grand Canal. They stand for not only the joy of sports but the peak of     7     (culture) and economic development.

Raja Randhir Singh, the acting president of the Olympic Council of Asia, said    8    the mascots showed the smart intelligence of the modern world     9    the energy of the future. “The mascots are rich in content, combining Chinese culture, the characteristics of the city of Hangzhou, and the spirit of the Asian Games and the Asian continent.” Together, they are calling out to Asia and the world, inviting everyone    10     (meet) in Hangzhou for the Asian Games 2022.

5 . Black people left the South for multiple reasons, including severe Jim Crow laws that denied black people their civil rights and economic conditions that made advancement next to impossible. They saw _______ for them to get in northern cities, where workers were needed during labor shortages _______ by World War I. Between 1915 and about 1960, northern industrial cities _______ five million black people, becoming majority black.

Many went to the northern city of Harlem - a New York neighborhood that had once been a rural _______ white area. During a real estate crash at the turn of the 20th century, the _______ of property became more willing to rent to black renters. Property values then _______ as white residents attempted to offload their real estate and move away. _______, the area became majority black, and Harlem tuned into an attraction for migrants _______ economic chance and a rich cultural and social life.

These _______ weren’t just from the American South: A group of people came from Caribbean countries like Jamaica, Antigua, and Trinidad, ________ economic downturns because of the decline of sugar prices throughout the West Indies.

That cultural ________ stimulated new types of expression and thought. Promoted by black churches and businesses, Harlem ________ life. There, a poor black worker could brush ________ with educated, wealthy black residents. They could take part in entertainment by black people, for black people. The Jamaica - born black, Marcus Garvey, even ________ the Universal Negro Improvement Association to ________ racial pride and economic independence.

1.

A．guilt

B．ability

C．electricity

D．opportunity

2.

A．caused

B．stopped

C．changed

D．improved

3.

A．adjusted

B．absorbed

C．abandoned

D．advertised

4.

A．empty

B．hungry

C．wealthy

D．temporary

5.

A．owners

B．creators

C．donators

D．consumers

6.

A．dropped

B．recovered

C．doubled

D．exploded

7.

A．Enormously

B．Eventually

C．Especially

D．Exceptionally

8.

A．in charge of

B．in defence of

C．in advance of

D．in search of

9.

A．travelers

B．defenders

C．entertainers

D．newcomers

10.

A．researching

B．observing

C．escaping

D．exploring

11.

A．mixture

B．future

C．adventure

D．departure

12.

A．was bored with

B．was filled with

C．was loaded with

D．was decorated with

13.

A．arms

B．faces

C．hands

D．shoulders

14.

A．accused

B．founded

C．discovered

D．certificated

15.

A．judge

B．control

C．support

D．forgive

6 . 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

“Food is the first necessity of the people,” said historian Sima Qian of the Western Han dynasty. Today, these words still ring true. The Chinese respect and passion for food are     1     (deep) rooted in the cultural landscape.

In Zhengzhou, the main city of Henan Province, thick noodles are braised(炖)in a rich meat soup     2     is made mainly with mutton. According to legend, Li Shimin,     3     second emperor of the Tang dynasty, was ill and tired while     4     (escape) from his enemies. A poor farmer’s wife cooked him a bowl of noodles     5     the only meat she had — some elk(麋鹿)meat.     6     (support) by the hot meal, he recovered quickly, won the battle and established himself as an emperor.

In Shanxi, sliced noodles, or daoxiao mian, is a typical one. In the 13th century, the Mongolians     7     (establish) the Yuan dynasty. The Han people lived under strict rules, including the rules about the ownership of     8     (knife). Several families shared only one knife and noodle making became almost     9     (possible). One day, a smart cook decided to use a small piece of metal to slice the dough directly into the pot, so daoxiao mian     10     (make).

7 . 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

Well-salt has a long and fabulous history in Sichuan. Located in Daying County of Suining City, Sichuan Province, according to historical     1    (record), the world-renowned Zhuotong Well dates back to the Qingli Reign (1041-1048) of the North Song Dynasty, 800 years     2    (early) than the first salt well in the West. Zhuotong well, not a name of a particular well, refers to     3     technical process. All wells made by this process are called Zhuotong well. At one time Daying County was dotted with 1711 salt wells in total. Much     4     our amazement, there are still 41 ancient salt wells     5     (leave) in Daying county today.

The salt-making process of the Song Dynasty     6    (include) well-drilling, acquiring brine(卤水), drying brine, and frying salt. The deep drilling technique emerged     7     the development of the salt-making industry prospered. So far people in Daying     8    (produce) salt for almost 1000 years. The complete production method is now considered as the     9    (five) invention of the ancient times in China and an international living fossil of deep well drilling techniques. This deep well drilling technique was listed in the first batch of state-level directory of intangible     10    (culture) heritage in 2006. And Zhuotong Well was listed as the seventh batch of national key cultural relics protection units in 2013.

8 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填人1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式．

A fan can drive summer heat away and help bring a cool breeze（微风）．Since ancient    1    (time)，the Chinese fan has been carrying artistic and unique    2    (nation) style．China has always been regarded    3     “the kingdom of fans”．

The fan first    4    (appear) in China about 3,000 years ago，in the Shang and Zhou dynasties．However，the fan in the early period was used as the symbol of etiquette（礼仪），    5    it was called“the fan of honor”．

After the Qin and Han dynasties，the main shapes of fans were square，round and hexagon（六边形）．The materials    6     (use) to make fans were mainly silk．Because the silk fans were often used in royal court，people called them“court fans”．The person    7    held the silk fan always appeared gentle．

During the Sui and Tang dynasties，the common fans were round fans，feather fans，and some paper fans．The folding fan    8     (gradual) became popular after the Song dynasty．In the Ming and Qing dynasties，the folding fan was popular in Zhejiang，Suzhou and Sichuan．Then the    9    ( popular) of writing poems and drawing pictures on the cover of a fan was rising．Then this skill    10    (introduce) to Europe and became popular all over the world．

9 . The Quwwat-ul-Islam Mosque complex in New Delhi is home to an ancient wonder of metal work — the Iron Pillar (柱) of Qutub Minar, which is very unusually resistant to rust (铁锈). This 1,600-year-old monument measures 7.21 meters tall, has a diameter of 41 centimeters and weighs about 6 tons.

Even though it has spent all that time outdoors, the Pillar of Qutub Minar shows almost no sign of rust damage. There was a time when many believed that the rust-resistant pillar was made out of some mysterious, non-earthly metal, while others believed that whoever made it used an extremely modern technique that was lost in the mists of time. That second theory is technically true, as metallurgists showed in a paper published in the journal Current Science.

R. Balasubramanian, co-author of the study, called the pillar “living evidence for the skill of metallurgists of ancient India”, explaining that the iron structure features a protective layer called “misawite” — a substance that forms a barrier between metal and rust. The formation of misawite is caused by the high phosphorus (磷) content in the iron.

While modern iron has a phosphorus content of under 0.05%, the iron that the Iron Pillar of Qutub Minar is made of contains as much as 1 percent phosphorus. According to Dr. Balasubramanian, instead of removing the phosphorus from the iron as workers do today to prevent the metal from breaking up, ancient people kept it in, and simply kept hitting the pillar hard with hammers to push the phosphorus from the core towards the surface. This kept the iron strong, and also led to the formation of the misawite barrier.

As is often the case with these ancient wonders, they can be easily harmed by humans. The pillar gained a reputation for bringing good luck to whoever managed to wrap their arms around the metal structure, and more and more people engaged in the practice over the years. But the misawite barrier is an extremely thin layer, so the practice has led to a visible discoloration of the pillar near its base. Luckily, authorities realized the danger and built a protective fence around the pillar.

1. What is a probable reason that the Iron Pillar of Qutub Minar can resist rust?

A．Its structure is extremely strong.

B．It contains some mysterious metal.

C．Its outside is covered with misawite.

D．It was made out of some non-earthly metal.

2. What does R. Balasubramanian think of the iron pillar?

A．Important.

B．Ordinary.

C．Imperfect.

D．Dangerous.

3. Why did the ancient workers hit the iron pillar with hammers?

A．To check its quality.

B．To remove phosphorus from the iron.

C．To push the phosphorus towards its surface.

D．To produce more phosphorus in the pillar’s core.

4. What effect has people’s touching had on the iron pillar?

A．Improving its quality.

B．Making it more popular.

C．Bringing good luck to it.

D．Weakening its barrier layer.

10 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

The Second World War, lasting until 1945, consisted of many important battles,     1    which Operation Overlord was the most impressive one.

After the war started, Germany attacked many European countries, France     2     (include). To attack Germany, troops from the United States, Britain and Canada took part in the Operation Overlord, also known as the D-Day landings. They made an attempt    3     (land) on the beaches of Normandy in France.

The operation was     4     (extreme) dangerous. American soldiers tried to land at the most dangerous place, known as Omaha Beach. Many soldiers were killed     5     they had the chance to get off the boats. The situation was so terrible that the commanders even considered giving up. But finally the operation ended as a story of bravery and acts of    6     (hero).

On June 6, 2004, survivors of the D-Day landings from many different countries returned     7     France to remember their lost comrades. Many of them went to the cemetery and memorial     8     (lie) on a cliff. This cliff overlooks the beach and    9     English Channel.

On the memorial, there is part of a poem called “ For the Fallen”. The poem    10     (write) by an English poet Lawrence Binyon and was first published in 1914.