Duan Wu Festival, known as the Dragon Boat Festival, falls
One traditional food we all enjoy is the rice dumpling or Zongzi, which was created to honor a poet in China’s history
Rice dumplings are made with a special type of sticky rice, wrapped in bamboo
2 . An ancient tomb was recently discovered in southern Siberia in which there may be treasure, priceless objects, and the 3, 000-year-old remains of an ice mummy.
Swiss scientist Gino Caspari with the University of Bern was looking carefully at the pictures of the area in the Russian Tuva Republic, when he came across what appeared to be a tomb. It is a tomb of the Scythians, an ancient group of Eurasians.
This summer, together with researchers from the Russian Academy of Sciences and the Hermitage Museum, a dig at the site not only proved Caspari's idea, but told us the site is the largest and oldest of its kind ever discovered in what's increasingly known as the “Siberian Valley of the Kings.”
While any discovery dating back to a period between the Iron Age and Bronze Age is exciting, it's the nature of this site that makes scientists want to begin carefully clearing away the layers of rock and earth. First, the tomb appears to have never been dug, because it is in a Siberian wetland faraway from the nearest place where people live. Second, and most important, is its possible resting place under a thick layer of permafrost.
“There's permafrost in the area,” Caspari said. “There are really only a handful of permafrost tombs and very few that have not been damaged, where there have been ice mummies in good condition, and all the things in the tomb are untouched.”
While not as large, other tombs discovered in the area have produced fantastical treasures and objects, including thousands of gold objects and other things about the past. By studying all these tombs, researchers hope to have a better understanding of the Scythian people.
Caspari said his team is in a race against time to uncover the tomb and find out its secrets. “We now have to act fast,” he said, “because with the rising temperatures, the permafrost could melt and damage all the things in that tomb. And these are things that are over 3,000 years old, that look like new, like they were put there yesterday.”
1. How did Caspari discover the tomb?| A．By studying pictures. | B．By visiting a Russian area. |
| C．By talking with Russian researchers. | D．By comparing other scientists, ideas. |
| A．It is covered by a lot of rocks. | B．It is well kept by the Scythians. |
| C．It is too small to draw attention. | D．It is hidden in a wild cold place. |
| A．To better protect the tomb. | B．To save the treasures inside. |
| C．To learn more about the Scythians. | D．To have a good understanding of mummies. |
| A．The tomb is too old. | B．It is getting hotter and hotter. |
| C．Some treasures are being damaged. | D．They want to save time for other tombs. |
3 . The word advertising refers to any kind of public announcement that brings products and services to the attention of people. Throughout history, advertising has been an effective way to promote(促进)the trading and selling of goods. In the Middle Ages, merchants employed "town criers" to read public messages aloud to promote their goods. When printing was invented in the fifteenth century, pages of advertisements(ads)could be printed easily and were either hung in public places or put in books.
By the end of the seventeenth century, when newspapers were beginning to be read by more people, printed materials became an important way to promote products and services. The London Gazette was the first newspaper to set aside a place just for advertising. This was so successful that by the end of the century several companies started businesses for the purpose of making newspaper ads for merchants.
Advertising spread quickly throughout the eighteenth century. Ad writers were starting to pay more attention to the design of the ad text. Everything, from clothes to drinks, was promoted with clever methods such as repetition of the firm's name or product, words organized in eyecatching patterns, the use of pretty pictures and expressions easy to remember.
Near the end of the nineteenth century, companies that were devoted to the production of ads came to be known as "advertising agencies(广告商)．"The agencies developed new ways to get people to think of themselves as members of a group. Throughout the twentieth century, advertising agencies promoted consumerism(消费主义)as a way of life, spreading the belief that people could be happy only if they bought the "right" products.
1. What was advertising like in the Middle Ages?| A．Ad messages were shouted out in public places. |
| B．Merchants were employed to promote products. |
| C．Product information was included in books. |
| D．Ad signs were put up in towns. |
| A．Working with ad agencies. |
| B．Including pictures in ads. |
| C．Selling goods in markets. |
| D．Advertising in newspapers. |
| A．growing spending |
| B．attractive designs |
| C．advertising companies |
| D．printing materials |
| A．The Story of Advertising |
| B．The Value of Advertising Designs |
| C．The Role of Newspaper Advertising |
| D．The Development of Printing for Advertising |
