1 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

The Oxford English Dictionary, or OED for short, is one of the     1     (famous) dictionaries in the English-speaking world. Although it has no story or interesting characters, it keeps being printed and     2     (grow)! The Oxford English Dictionary     3    （begin）in 1857 just as an idea to show the history of English words. However, it wasn't until the late 1870s     4     James Murray joined the project that it began to grow. Murray and his team were buried     5     collecting millions of pieces of paper, each one with a word and an example sentence or phrase     6     (write) on it. Finally, in 1928, the dictionary was finished     7     published in 10 volumes (卷册). Between 1972 and 1986, four more volumes were added with new words from other English-speaking countries. So far it     8     (put)o nto CDs, with about 600,000 words and three million quotations (引语) from over 1,000 years of English. As a great     9     (refer) book, the OED not only is a record of where the English language has come from but has also become     10     important part of the history of English-speaking cultures around the world.

4 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Chinese book culture has a long history. Its roots can be traced back thousands of years, to the earliest known     1    (write) records in China. Over the centuries, books    2    (be) an essential part of Chinese culture, playing a vital role in preserving knowledge and    3    (provide) a source of inspiration for generations.

The first major development in Chinese book culture was the invention of woodblock printing by Bi Sheng in the 11th century. This revolutionized book production, making it much    4    (easy) to produce and distribute books. During China’s Ming Dynasty there was a great booming of books and it    5    (see) the birth of China’s best-known book, Journey to the West by Wu Cheng’en, which is still    6    (wide) read and studied today.

In modern times, new genres such as science fiction and fantasy have grown in    7    (popular), while electronic books are becoming increasingly popular. The development of book culture has had a profound impact     8    Chinese society, with many books becoming cultural touchstones and inspiring people to think about their lives and the world around them.

With its rich history and diverse genres, Chinese book culture provides a window into Chinese society. From ancient classics to modern bestsellers, Chinese books can open up    9    new world of ideas and knowledge for readers around the globe. As such, it is an important part of our collective global culture, and one    10    should be learned more about.

5 . 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
1. When was the first real newspaper started?

A．In 1609.

B．In 1665.

C．In 1704.

2. Which country was the first to publish newspapers?

A．Germany.

B．England.

C．America.

3. Which was the first successful newspaper in America?

A．Strassburg Relation.

B．The New York Sun.

C．The Boston News-Letter.

4. What did the speaker say about the first penny newspaper?

A．It only cost a dollar.

B．It was called The London Gazette.

C．It was the first one to have advertisements.

7 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

The Maritime Silk Road Museum of Guangdong (MSRMG) in Yangjiang, South China’s Guangdong Province, is China’s first museum to focus     1     underwater archaeology (考古学). The museum has become the home of the ancient ship, now known as the Nanhai I, and continues to tell the story of the Maritime Silk Road     2     began 800 years ago.

“Unlike many other Chinese museums that contain     3    (various) of relics, the MSRMG is dedicated to Nanhai I culture,” museum expert Li Yiyang said.

Ye Daoyang, the deputy director of MSRMG’s Underwater Archaeology and Technology Department, said that the Nanhai I will     4    (eventual) become closer and closer to people. During the excavation of the sunken ship, visitors have been able to witness the slow reveal of the ship, once     5    (reveal) only 1 meter of the hull (船体). Most importantly, the museum is     6     archaeological site that keeps people close to first-hand discoveries.

Apart from the ship itself, the museum is home to many china     7    (object). A wooden shi ding is another item unique to the museum. It was a tool     8    (use) during the Song and Yuan dynasties to measure the balance of a ship.

“The entire body of the Nanhai I     9    (display) fully to visitors soon. This is a landmark stage. Such rich underwater resources have encouraged museums like the MSRMG to improve its facilities     10    (protect) these relics while finding creative means to introduce them to the public,” Ye noted.

8 . While DNA from animal bones or teeth can cast light on an individual species, environmental DNA enabled scientists to build a picture of a whole ecosystem.

A core of ice age sediment (沉积物) from northern Greenland has yielded the world’s oldest sequences of DNA. The 2 million-year-old DNA samples revealed the now largely lifeless polar region was once home to rich plant and animal life — including elephant-like mammals known as mastodons (乳齿象), reindeer, hares, lemmings, geese, birch trees and poplars, according to new research published in the journal Nature on Wednesday.

The finding is the work of scientists in Denmark who were able to detect and restore environmental DNA — genetic material drop into the environment by all living organisms — in tiny amounts of sediment taken from the Copenhagen Formation, in the mouth of a strait in the Arctic Ocean in Greenland’s northernmost point, during a 2006 expedition.

They then compared the DNA pieces with libraries of DNA collected from both extinct and living animals, plants and microorganisms. The genetic material revealed dozens of other plants and creatures that had not been previously detected at the site based on what’s known from fossils and pollen records.

“The first thing that blew our mind when we’re looking at this data is obviously this mastodon and the presence of it that far north, which is quite far north of what we knew as its natural range,” said study co-author Mikkel Pedersen.

The mix of temperate (温带) and Arctic trees and animals suggested a previously unknown type of ecosystem that has no modern equivalent — one that could act as a genetic road map for how different species might adapt to a warmer climate, the researchers found.

Love Dalen, a professor at the Centre for Palaeogenetics at Stockholm University, said the finding “pushed the envelope” for the field of ancient DNA. “Also, the findings that several temperate species (such as relatives of spruce and mastodon) lived at such high latitudes are exceptionally interesting,” he added.

Further study of environmental DNA from this time period could help scientists understand how various organisms might adapt to climate change. “It’s a climate that we expect to face on Earth due to global warming and it gives us some idea of how nature will respond to increasing temperatures,” he explained.

1. What can we know about environmental DNA from the passage?

A．It makes it easier to understand individual species.

B．It is a collection of DNA from all kinds of living things.

C．It includes DNA of mammals living 2 million years ago.

D．It was first discovered in sediment from northern Greenland.

2. How did the scientists identify the result of their research?

A．By looking at the data of mastodon.

B．By detecting DNA samples at the site.

C．By analyzing fossils and pollen records.

D．By comparing the newly-found DNA with existing ones.

3. What do the underlined words mean in the 7th paragraph?

A．broke the limit	B．laid a foundation
C．raised a new question	D．attracted wide attention

4. Which is the best title for the passage?

A．Northern Greenland faces species extinction

B．Oldest DNA reveals a solution to global warming

C．Northern Greenland faces increasing temperatures

D．Oldest DNA reveals a 2 million-year-old ecosystem

9 . 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
1. What is the woman interested in seeing?

A．An exhibition of paintings.

B．A Broadway play.

C．An opera.

2. When did New York get its nickname?

A．In the early 18th century.

B．In the early 20th century.

C．In the late 19th century.

3. How does the woman describe New York?

A．Fascinating.

B．Huge.

C．Popular