1 . Doubling as educational centers and conservation centers, museums play an important role in the protection of ________. Although these institutions ________ in size and specialty, the task of most museums is around the display and care of their collections.

Today, many museums are among the most visited ________ in the world. In order to figure out how this important cultural phenomenon came to be, it is ________ important to understand its origins and trace how its role has developed over time.

The word museum ________ from “mouseion”, the Greek term for “a holy place for the Muses”. In classical Greek mythology, the nine Muses are the goddesses of the arts and sciences, making them perfect protectors for these ________ institutions.

Earliest museums were private collections and were only accessible to a narrow circle of people. They displayed ________ and curious natural objects and works of art. Some of them even ________ “wonder rooms” or “cabinets of curiosities”.

In 1683, an Englishman named Elias Ashmole donated the contents of his wonder room to Oxford University, forming the ________ of the Ashmolean Museum. Believing that “the knowledge of Nature is very necessary to human life and health,” Ashmole wanted to ________ the public through his unprecedented (前所未有的) donation. Following his footsteps, many like-minded collectors across Europe shifted their focus from ________ use to public access in the late 17^th and 18^th centuries. During this time, world-class museums began to make their art collections accessible to the public. The opening of these institutions ________ a string of similar movements in the 19^th century.

Today, the importance of public institutions is stronger than ever before. ________ taking care of collections and making them accessible to the public, many museums are using new technologies to improve their public programs, ________ their collections, and share their research. With these modern methods, museums are able to ________ audiences in new ways and extend their tasks beyond their walls.

1.

A．tourism

B．architecture

C．religion

D．culture

2.

A．form

B．vary

C．respond

D．improve

3.

A．sites

B．states

C．palaces

D．entrances

4.

A．critically

B．roughly

C．barely

D．slightly

5.

A．escapes

B．benefits

C．originates

D．differs

6.

A．newly-built

B．knowledge-based

C．carefully-chosen

D．theory-guided

7.

A．common

B．familiar

C．similar

D．rare

8.

A．cared about

B．served as

C．referred to

D．relied on

9.

A．basis

B．structure

C．destination

D．position

10.

A．raise

B．train

C．admire

D．educate

11.

A．special

B．scientific

C．private

D．regular

12.

A．featured

B．indicated

C．celebrated

D．inspired

13.

A．Opposite to

B．Instead of

C．In addition to

D．Thanks to

14.

A．digitize

B．industrialize

C．organize

D．localize

15.

A．introduce

B．engage

C．identify

D．select

2 . The Double Seventh Festival, also known as the Qixi Festival, is a traditional Chinese festival. Here is a beautiful story _______ it.

Long，long ago, there was a young man named Niulang(Cowherd), One day, he_______a   beautiful girl- Zhinu( Weaver girl)， the Goddess s seventh daughter. She had just run away from the_______ heaven(天国) to look for fun on Earth. Zhini soon_______Niulang, and they got married without telling the Goddess. Niulang worked in the field and Zhinu wove(织布) at home. They_______a happy life and gave birth to a boy and a girl. Unluckily, the Goddess soon found out the fact and_______ Zhinii to return to heaven. After Zhini left， Niulang was _______upset. With the help of his magic cow,Niulang flew to heaven with his children to look for his wife. The Goddess discovered this and was very_______Taking out her hairpin(发簪), the Goddess created a wide river in the sky to separate(分开) the two_______. From then on, Niulang and Zhini had to live________ on the two sides of the river. However,their true love________ all the magpies(喜鹊) in the world, ________once a year tens of thousands of   magpies would fly up to heaven to make a bridge- the bridge of magpies for the couple to meet each other. At last, the Goddess allowed ________ to meet each   other on the 7th day of the 7th lunar month. That's________the Double Seventh Festival started. Today,   it is a great________for Chinese young people to express their love.

1.

A．through

B．behind

C．with

D．after

2.

A．met

B．told

C．thanked

D．missed

3.

A．boring

B．interesting

C．same

D．different

4.

A．looked forward to

B．parted with

C．turned down

D．fell in love with

5.

A．knew

B．lived

C．stayed

D．gave

6.

A．promised

B．waited

C．ordered

D．helped

7.

A．yet

B．ever

C．quite .

D．still

8.

A．angry

B．sorry

C．excited

D．satisfied

9.

A．friends

B．lovers .

C．parents

D．children

10.

A．back

B．away

C．halfway

D．apart

11.

A．surprised

B．changed

C．touched

D．protected

12.

A．so

B．but

C．though

D．because

13.

A．him

B．her

C．us

D．them

14.

A．how

B．when

C．what

D．where

15.

A．day

B．way

C．lesson

D．habit

3 .        The cultures of the East and the West really distinguish from each other a lot. This is because the culture systems are two separate systems __1__.
       The origin of the eastern cultures is mainly from two countries: China and India. Both of the two cultures are gestated (孕育) by _2__. In China, the mother river is the Yellow River __3_ the Indian one is the Hindu River. These two cultures were _4___ for several thousand years and formed their own styles. Then in the Tang Dynasty of China, the Chinese culture _5___ went overseas to Japan, _6___ into the Japanese society and _7__ the Japanese culture nowadays. Though a bit different from the Chinese one, it __8__ to the same system.
       When the two mother rivers gave birth to the eastern culture, another famous culture was __9__ on the Mesopotamian Plain (美索不达米亚平原) — the Mesopotamian Civilization. This civilization later on developed into the cultures of the Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome. And these two are well­-known as the __10__ of the European culture. _11___ the Chinese culture, the European one also __12__ waters. When the colonists of England __13__ in America, their culture went with them over the Atlantic Ocean. So the American culture doesn’t __14_ from the European one a lot.
       At the same time, the __15__ of the language systems adds to the cultural differences. In the East, most languages belong to the pictographic (象形文字的) languages while the Western languages are __16__ based on the Latin system, for example, the one I’m using to write this paper.
       Other factors like human race difference _17___ as well. However, _18__ the far distance and the steep areas between the East and West, the two cultures seldom _19__ until recent centuries.__20__ they grew up totally in their own ways with almost no interference (干扰) from the other.1.

A．above all

B．on the whole

C．in all

D．in no case

2.

A．mountains

B．plains

C．lakes

D．rivers

3.

A．or

B．for

C．while

D．when

4.

A．developed

B．improved

C．created

D．protected

5.

A．suddenly

B．quietly

C．gradually

D．naturally

6.

A．mixed

B．changed

C．decided

D．forced

7.

A．expanded

B．interrupted

C．influenced

D．shaped

8.

A．comes

B．belongs

C．amounts

D．adds

9.

A．brought up

B．carried out

C．given out

D．picked up

10.

A．result

B．sign

C．base

D．content

11.

A．Via

B．Except

C．With

D．Like

12.

A．affected

B．spread

C．crossed

D．formed

13.

A．joined up

B．went up

C．broke down

D．settled down

14.

A．come

B．suffer

C．result

D．differ

15.

A．difference

B．development

C．appearance

D．feature

16.

A．properly

B．part

C．simply

D．mostly

17.

A．last

B．count

C．reduce

D．change

18.

A．in terms of

B．due to

C．as to

D．in case of

19.

A．transform

B．display

C．communicate

D．distinguish

20.

A．Furthermore

B．Meanwhile

C．Therefore

D．However