1 . 阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

Wood-block printing first appeared in the early Tang period. During the Song dynasty the technique of block printing was very advanced. Books were    1    (beautiful) printed. Even today   the books    2    (print) at the time are valuable and treasured by libraries and book collectors.

However block printing    3     (be) not very convenient. Every two pages of a book had to be carved on a wood block and a big book would require many blocks. Besides there had to be large places for storing the books.     4    (overcome) these shortcomings ，Bi Sheng invented the movable type during the years between 1041 and 1048. One word was carved on one piece of clay     5    was hardened with fire. Then clay characters were set on    6    iron plate according to the text of a book.

Then ink was applied to them and     7     (sheet) of paper spread over them and the printing was done. Bi Sheng’s invention made printing faster and easier    8    before. Later movable type of metal and wood was made and widely used.

The technique of printing was gradually known to other Asian countries and Europe. The great influence printing had    9    the advance of civilization is too clear to need any    10     (explain).

2 . 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

In much of Asia, especially the so-called “rice bowl” cultures of China, Japan, Korea,     1     Vietnam, food is usually eaten with chopsticks.

Chopsticks are usually two long, thin pieces of wood or bamboo. They can also be made of plastic, animal bone or metal. Sometimes chopsticks are quite artistic. Truly elegant chopsticks might     2     (make) of gold and silver with Chinese characters. Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods and metal     3     (create) special designs.

The Chinese have used chopsticks for five thousand years. People probably cooked their food in large pots,     4     (use) twigs (树枝) to remove it. Over time,     5     the population grew, people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly.

Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which     6    (gradual) turned into chopsticks.

Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius,     7     lived from roughly 551 to 479 B.C., influenced the     8     (develop) of chopsticks. Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and     9     (be) too violent for use at the table.

Chopsticks are not used everywhere in Asia. In India, for example, most people traditionally eat     10     their hands.

3 . People have strange ideas about food. For example, tomato is a kind of very delicious vegetable. It is one of useful plants that can be prepared in many ways. It has rich nutrition(营养) and vitamin in it. But in the 18th century, Americans never ate tomatoes. They grew them in their gardens because tomato plants are so pretty. But they thought the vegetable was poisonous(有毒的). They called tomatoes “poison apples”.

President Thomas Jefferson, however, know that tomatoes were good to eat. He was a learned man. He had been to Paris, where he learned to love the taste of tomatoes. He grew many kinds of tomatoes in his garden. The President taught his cook a way for a cream of tomato soup. This beautiful pink soup was served at the President party. The guests thought the soup tasted really good. They never thought their president would serve his honored guests poison apples. Jefferson never spoke to his honored guests about the fact.

1. Tomato is a kind of ___________.

A．poisonous fruit	B．poisonous vegetable
C．tasty fruit	D．tasty vegetable

2. After you read the passage, which of the following do you think is true?

A．Americans never ate tomatoes after they began to plant them.

B．Americans didn’t eat tomatoes before 19th century.

C．Even now Americans don’t eat tomatoes.

D．In the 18th century Americans ate a lot of tomatoes.

3. Jefferson learned that tomatoes were good to eat ____.

A．while he was in Paris	B．when he was a little boy
C．because his parents told him so	D．from books

4. From the passage we know all the honored guests invited by Jefferson were____.

A．people from other countries	B．from France
C．people of his own country	D．men only

5. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT TRUE?

A．None of the guests knew the soup that was served at the President’s party was made of tomatoes.

B．All of the guests thought the soup which was prepared by the President’s cook was nice.

C．President Thomas Jefferson knew that tomatoes were good to eat and not poisonous at all.

D．All of the guests didn’t know that their president would serve his honored guests poison apples.