1 . Philadelphia, Pennsylvania is America’s fifth largest city. Once a major American colonial city, it is the home of America’s first library, its first hospital, and its first zoo. Now it is also the first US city to be named a World Heritage City. On November 6, 2015, Philadelphia joined more than 260 other cities that have been recognized for their influence on the world. These cities include Paris, France, Florence, Italy, and Cairo, Egypt.
The exciting news was announced by Philadelphia Mayor Michael Nutter, Deputy Mayor Alan Greenberger, responsible for economic development and business guidance, and the Global Philadelphia Association. “Today marks the start of a new and exciting chapter in the history of Philadelphia,” remarked Nutter when the announcement was made. “As a World Heritage City, Philadelphia is being officially recognized on the global stage for its wealth of contributions to the world.”
To be named a World Heritage City, a city must be home to a UNESCO World Heritage site. UNESCO World Heritage sites are selected for their universal value and significance. For Philadelphia, the site is Independence Hall.
Independence Hall is where two of the most important documents in US history — the Declaration of Independence and the US Constitution — were adopted. The Declaration of Independence, approved on July 4, 1776, united the 13 former British colonies and declared them independent from British rule. From then on, a democratic and free country was born, which changed the course of world history. The US Constitution, signed in 1787, established the American democratic system of government. A democracy is a system of government in which the people elect their leaders. The Constitution later spelled out the basic freedoms American citizens have.
Greenberger says the city’s selection as a World Heritage City also reflects its educational, cultural, and economic achievements. The city is home to dozens of colleges and universities, and many museums, such as the Philadelphia Museum of Art. “Philadelphia has rightfully earned its place as one of the greatest cities in the world. As we celebrate this milestone, we will focus even more on improving Philadelphia’s status as a World Heritage City to attract more guests to visit, invest, work, study and live here.” Greenberger says.
1. We can learn from Paragraph 1 that Philadelphia ________.A.has the best American hospitals |
B.contributed a lot to the global economy |
C.is known for many America’s firsts |
D.has been famous as a World Heritage City |
A.the economic development of the city |
B.the history of Philadelphia |
C.the contributions of the city |
D.the significance of the city’s selection |
A.The city really deserves the honor. |
B.It’s easy for the city to win the honor. |
C.It won’t be long before the city takes off. |
D.The honor will bring the city a better future. |
A.Philadelphia Makes a Difference | B.Philadelphia Makes History |
C.Philadelphia Develops a Lot | D.America Wins Global Respect |
A book on China’ s war survivors
The book draws its interviews from Tengchong,
The book tells stories of civilians
3 . In 1999, journalist Nicholas D. Kristof reported a surprising encounter on a tiny African island. Here, Kristof met a number of elderly men who told him that they were descendants of Chinese sailors many centuries ago. Their ancestors had traded with local Africans, who had given them giraffes to take back to China.
Six centuries ago, a large number of Chinese ships crossed the sea, then travelled west to East Africa.
However, the Chinese expedition never sought to establish colonial rule over these oceans by military force.
A.Seven times, the treasure fleets set off for the unknown. |
B.Zheng He’s great voyage started at the port of Nanjing. |
C.Aside from the economic impact, there was more cultural print. |
D.The actual economic impact of the expedition was difficult to evaluate. |
E.Zheng He traded China’s products for foreign luxuries and daily products. |
F.It was intended to facilitate international and trade relationships with others. |
G.If it’s true, this remote village is evidence of an astonishing episode of maritime exploration in China. |
The Silk Road was a network of trade routes
The Silk Road may have formally opened up trade between the Far East
In the spring of 1944, the Allied powers in World War Ⅱ took the fight against Nazi into the fifth year.
With General Eisenhower’s encouraging words
Seventy years later, people including
Alice Thompson is a girl from Sydney, Australia. She had her first long
Why is the train
7 . “In 1492 Columbus sailed the ocean blue” is how the children’s nursery rhyme begins. However, more than 90 years before the Nina, the Pinta and the Santa Maria, a huge fleet of ships set sail from Nanjing. It was the first of a series of voyages that would, for a brief period, establish China as the leading power of the age. The voyage was led by Zheng He. In fact, some people think he was the original model for the legendary Sinbad the Sailor.
In 1371, Zheng He was born in what is now Yunnan Province to Muslim parents, who named him Ma Sanbao. When he was 11 years old, he was castrated and made to serve as a eunuch (宦官) in the imperial household. Ma befriended a prince who later became the Yong Le Emperor, one of the Ming Dynasty’s most distinguished. Brave, strong, intelligent and totally loyal, Ma won the trust of the prince who gave him a new name. Yong Le was an ambitious emperor who believed that China’s greatness would be increased with an “opendoor” policy regarding international trade and diplomacy. In 1405, he ordered Chinese ships to sail to the Indian Ocean, and put Zheng He in charge of the voyage. Zheng went on to lead seven expeditions in 28 years, visiting more than 40 countries.
Zheng’s fleet had more than 300 ships and 30,000 sailors. The largest vessels, 133meterlong “treasure ships”, had up to nine masts and could carry a thousand people. Along with a Han and Muslim crew, Zheng opened up trade routes in Africa, India, and Southeast Asia. The voyages helped expand foreign interest in Chinese goods such as silk and china. In addition, Zheng He brought foreign items back to China, including the first giraffe ever seen there. At the same time, the fleet’s obvious strength meant that the Emperor of China commanded respect and inspired fear all over Asia.
Though Zheng He died in 1433 and was probably buried at sea, a grave and small monument to him still exist in Jiangsu Province. Three years after Zheng He’s death, a new emperor banned the construction of oceangoing ships, and China’s brief era of naval expansion was over. Chinese policy turned inward, leaving the seas clear for the rising nations of Europe. Opinions vary on why this happened. Whatever the reason, conservative (保守的) forces gained the upper hand, and China’s potential for world domination was not realized. Records of Zheng He’s incredible voyages were burned. Not until the early 20th century did another fleet of comparable size take to the seas.
1. Why did Zheng He sail to the ocean?A.Zheng He befriended the Yong Le Emperor and won his trust. |
B.The emperor tried to increase China’s greatness by an “opendoor” policy. |
C.The voyages helped expand foreign interest in Chinese goods. |
D.Zheng He wanted to promote culture and religious visits with foreign countries. |
A.They established China as the leading power from then on. |
B.They spread diplomacy, established trade routes and returned with riches and foreign items never seen before in China. |
C.They provided pathways for religious communication between Han and Muslim crew. |
D.They speeded up the process of imperial reform of Ming Dynasty. |
A.Because the successive emperor banned the construction of oceangoing ships. |
B.Because the people of Ming Dynasty feared doing business with other rising nations of Europe. |
C.Because the imperial policy turned inward. |
D.No reason had been assigned in this passage. |
The Dujiangyan is the oldest man-made water system in the world, and a wonder in the development of Chinese agriculture.
In ancient times, the region where Dujiangyan now stands
Once the system
9 . French explorer Jacques Cartier is known mainly for exploring the St. Lawrence River and giving Canada its name.
Like many other European explorers, Jacques Cartier went to North America looking for gold and perhaps a shortcut to Asia.
Jacques Cartier was born on December 31, 1491 in Brittany, a province of France. In about 1534, the king of France asked him to lead an expedition(远征) to the New World in search of riches and a new route to Asia.
Cartier and his men were among the first Europeans to winter in what is now Canada.
Cartier once again crossed the Atlantic in 1541.
A.A second voyage came in May 1535. |
B.Instead he found the Saint Lawrence River. |
C.The bitter cold surprised them, and some of the men died. |
D.He made three voyages of exploration in dangerous waters. |
E.Cartier was considered one of the most devoted explorers of the period. |
F.He explored further and found what he thought were gold and diamonds. |
G.In the spring of 1534 Cartier sailed across the Atlantic Ocean to what is now Canada. |
Macquarie Island is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The green grass and bare rock contrast