1 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

A tea bag is a small, porous packet that contains     1     (dry) plant material, which, when soaked in hot water, helps to make tea. Tea bags are     2     (general) made of filter paper.

Tea bags range from a square or rectangular shape to a tetrahedral (四面体的) and even circular shape. There’s typically     3     small string attached to each tea bag with a paper label at the top.

Tea bags     4     (use) since the 8th century — in the era of the Tang dynasty. In those days, paper was folded and sewn into square bags so that tea flavors could be preserved for a long time,     5     (lay) the foundation for modern tea bags.

The modern version of tea bags first appeared in the Western World as early as 1903. Commercially, however, tea bags made their appearance around 1908,     6     coffee importer Thomas Sullivan shipped his silk tea bags all over the world. Those tea bags were supposed     7     (tear) before use, and their loose contents were then poured into hot water to brew tea.

However, people found that it was more convenient to brew tea     8     the tea leaves still enclosed in the bags. Since dipping tea bags into water didn’t seem to cause any change in the taste, people gradually did away with the practice of     9     (remove) the tea bag, and started dipping it directly into hot water instead.

It’s generally advised to not squeeze a tea bag soaked in hot water. When you squeeze a tea bag, more tannins (鞣质) are released into the liquid. The result of this is that the drink becomes too bitter, or     10     some call it, “too strong”.

2 . 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
1. Where is the line painted on ships?

A．At the bottom.

B．On the side.

C．At the top.

2. What do we know about the line painted on ships?

A．It became law in the 18th century.

B．It was named after a 12th century lawmaker.

C．The water level can’t go above the line for the safety of the ships.

3. Why does the speaker give the talk?

A．To introduce.

B．To advise.

C．To inspire.

3 . 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
1. Where did the woman find the old medicine bottle?

A．In a shop.

B．In a hole.

C．Near the village gate.

2. What did the woman find in the sports ground?

A．A teapot.

B．Some coins.

C．A metal horse.

3. How old are the coins?

A．About 50 years.

B．About 100 years.

C．About 200 years.

4 . A Michigan farmer Bristle was digging with a backhoe (反铲挖土机) in one of his wheat fields when — bang — it struck a large bone.

Bristle contacted Fisher, a paleontology (古生物学家) professor at the University of Michigan. Fisher rushed to the farm and identified the bone as a fossil of an Ice Age mammoth (猛犸象). Since it was harvest season, Bristle gave Fisher and his students only one day to remove the rest of the fossils from the ground. The team found 20 percent of the animal’s bones, including its skull, tusks, pelvis, and shoulder blades as well as some teeth, ribs, and other bones.

The age of a mammoth can be determined by counting the rings in one of its tusks. Like the rings in a tree trunk, each ring stands for one year of a mammoth’s life. Fisher thinks that the bones are supposed to belong to male mammoth around forty years old. It was probably a rare hybrid of a woolly mammoth and a Colombian mammoth that lived between 11,700 and 15,000 years ago during the Pleistocene lee Age, when ice sheets covered much of Earth’s land.

The bones appeared to have been cut up and some of them were missing, leading Fisher to conclude that early humans must have killed the animal and stored its meat so they could return to it at a later time. Some other indications of human activity include a stone flake (薄片) that might have been from a cutting tool and the arrangement of the neck bones in order. If the mammoth had died naturally, its bones would have scattered randomly.

In the US, fossils found on private property belong to the owner of the land. However, Bristle donated the fossils to the University of Michigan for further study. Fisher hopes to display the bones at the University of Michigan Museum of Natural History, possibly combined with fiberglass models of bones from other Michigan mammoths to form a complete Mammoth skeleton (骨架).

1. Why was Fisher’s time limited to one day?

A．Because the mammoth was a small one.	B．Because it was easy to remove the bones.
C．Because it was the time of gathering crops.	D．Because Bristle was busy planting in the field.

2. How did Fisher infer the mammoth’s age?

A．By counting the bones.	B．By judging the living age.
C．By measuring the ice sheets.	D．By numbering the tusk rings.

3. What is Paragraph 4 mainly about?

A．How the mammoth died.	B．Where the missing meat was.
C．How the stone flake was made.	D．Whether the neck bones scattered.

4. What is Fisher’s wish according to the last paragraph?

A．To own the fossils.	B．To study the mammoth.
C．To complete the skeleton.	D．To promote the university.

5 . Researchers have found a group of lost cities in the Amazon rainforest. The cities were home to at least 10,000 farmers around 2,000 years ago.

Stéphen Rostain, one of the researchers, first noticed the earthen mounds (土墩) and buried roads in Ecuador more than twenty years ago. But at the time, he wasn’t sure how it all fitted together. Recent mapping using laser (激光) technology revealed those locations to be part of a group of settlements in the forested areas near the Andes mountains and connecting roads.

This LIDAR image provided by researchers in January 2024 shows complexes of rectangular (矩形) platforms arranged around low squares along wide dug streets at the Kunguints site, Upano Valley in Ecuador. “It was a lost valley of cities, and it’s incredible” said Rostain.

The Upano people lived in the settlements between around 500 B. C. and 300 to 600 A. D. That was around the same time period as the Roman Empire in Europe. Ancient people built on over 6,000 earthen mounds in an area surrounded by agricultural fields with drainage (排水) canals. The largest roads were 10 meters wide and went for 10 to 20 kilometers. While it is difficult to estimate populations, the area was home to at least 10,000 people, and possibly about 15,000 or 30,000 at its highest point. That is comparable to the estimated population of Roman-era London, then Britain’s largest city. The Amazon is often thought of as a wild area with only small groups of people. But recent discoveries have shown us how much more complex the past really is.

Scientists have recently also found evidence of complex rainforest societies that came before European contact elsewhere in the Amazon, including in Bolivia and Brazil. “There’s always been an incredible diversity of people and settlements in the Amazon, not only one way to live,” said Rostain. “We’re just learning more about them.”

1. What does Rostain think about the finding?

A．Unreasonable.

B．Understandable.

C．Unforgettable.

D．Unbelievable.

2. What’s paragraph 4 mainly about?

A．The lost cities’ long history and complex civilization.

B．The lost cities’ relationship with the Roman Empire.

C．The Upano people’s similarities in lifestyle with London.

D．The Upano people’s advanced agriculture and transport.

3. What can be inferred from Rostain’s words in the last paragraph?

A．People have learned enough about the complex societies.

B．Much remains to be discovered about the lost societies.

C．The rainforest societies are as complex as ever thought.

D．European contact with the lost cities dates from long ago.

4. Which of the following is the most suitable title for the text?

A．The Loss of Complex Rainforest Societies

B．The History of Complex Old Settlements

C．Researchers Discover Lost Cities in Amazon

D．Scientists Find Incredible Diversity of People

6 . 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
1. What do we know about Beowulf?

A．Its writer is unknown.

B．It is a famous novel.

C．It is easy to understand.

2. When was Middle English used?

A．Between about AD 800 and AD 1066.

B．Between about AD 1066 and AD 1150.

C．Between about AD 1150 and AD 1500..

3. Who is Geoffrey Chauncer?

A．An English historian.

B．A Middle English poet

C．A modern English writer.

4. What will the speaker talk about after the break?

A．Modern English.

B．Middle English.

C．Old English.

7 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

China has nearly 5,000 years of     1     (record) history. However, the history of Chinese furniture is even longer than     2     of its writing, which can be traced back to the Hemudu Culture more than 7,000 years ago.

During the Ming and Qing dynasties, most of the furniture was hand-made using high-quality hardwood     3     raw materials, which are now rare and expensive. Ordinary people often use wood such as pine, elm, and beech, but the quality between the woods    4     (different) greatly.

Classical furniture is mostly made by hand. Modern machines cannot     5     (complete) replace handwork. The shapes carved by the machine are neat but the lines are rigid and lacking vitality.

The most delicate aspect of Chinese classical furniture is the structural part of the furniture-mountains-and-treetops (榫卯) work. Combining pieces of wood together,     6     (use) nothing more than the wood itself, is a basic skill of all carpenters (木匠) in ancient China. It was first discovered in the wooden structure of the Hemudu site     7     the ancestors lived more than 7,000 years ago. This structure is the wisdom of the Chinese working people and fully represents the     8     (create) and artistry (艺术性) of humanity.

Ancient Chinese     9     (philosophy) have been expressed in traditional Chinese furniture. For example, Confucianism emphasizes gentleness and moderation.     10     (achieve) that, skilled carpenters properly matched the curves and straight lines of the furniture. That’s why Chinese furniture always displays both balance and stability.

8 . 假定你校英语社团正在进行征文比赛活动，主题是“学习历史人物，弘扬民族精神”。请你根据一位中国历史人物的事迹，写一篇短文参赛，内容包括：
1.人物事迹简介；
2.给我们树立的榜样。
注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；
2.题目自拟。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

9 . Globalization is a term used to describe how trade and technology have made the world into a more connected and interdependent place. Globalization also captures in its scope the economic and social changes tat have come about as a result

When did globalization begin?     1     As with future globalizing booms, new technologies played a key role in the Silk Road trade. Advances in metal working led to the creation of coins; advances in transportation led to the building of roads connecting the major empires of the day.

Unquestionably, these types of exchanges were accelerated in the Age of Exploration, when European explorers seeking new sea routes to the spices and silks of Asia bumped into the Americas instead.     2     New ship designs and the creation of the magnetic compass were key to the explorers’ successes.

The web of globalization continued to spin out through the Age of Revolution, when ideas about liberty and equality spread like fire from America to France to Latin America and beyond.     3    

With the Information Age globalization went into overdrive. Advances in computer and communications technology launched a new global era and redefined what it meant to be “connected.” Modern communications satellites meant the 1964 Summer Olympics in Tokyo could be watched in the United States for the first time.     4     In the modern era economic success or failure at one focal point of the global web can be felt in every major world economy.

A．Along with Chinese silk, Roman glass, and Arabian spices, many ideas and the secrets of paper- making also spread via these pathways of trade.

B．This digital revolution massively impacted economies across the world as well: they became more information-based and more interdependent.

C．It rode the waves of industrialization, colonization, and war through the eighteenth, nineteenth, and twentieth centuries, powered by the invention of factories, railways, steamboats, cars, and planes.

D．The Silk Road, an ancient network of trade routes across China, Central Asia, and the Mediterranean used between 50 B. C. and 250 C. E. , is perhaps the most well-known early example of exchanging ideas, products, and customs.

E．Trade and idea exchange now extended to a previously unconnected part of the world.

F．Again, technology played an important role in the maritime trade routes that flourished between old and newly discovered continents.

10 . 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
1. What do we know about Beowulf?

A．Its writer is unknown.

B．It is a famous novel.

C．It is easy to understand.

2. When was Middle English used?

A．Between about AD 800 and AD 1066.

B．Between about AD 1066 and AD 1150.

C．Between about AD 1150 and AD 1500.

3. Who is Geoffrey Chauncer?

A．An English historian.

B．A Middle English poet

C．A modern English writer.

4. What will the speaker talk about after the break?

A．Modern English.

B．Middle English.

C．Old English.