1 . Cheating in sport is as old as sport itself. The athletes of ancient Greece used potions to strengthen themselves before a contest, and their modern counterparts have everything from anabolic steroids (类固醇) to growth hormones with which to
The agencies have had remarkable success. Testing for anabolic steroids was introduced in the 1970s, and the incidence of cheating seems to have
The test employed for testosterone (睾酮素) abuse usually relies on measuring the
The result was remarkable. Nearly half of the men who carried no functional copies of UGT2B17 would have gone undetected in the standard doping test.
Dr. Schulze also says there is substantial
In the meantime, Dr. Schulz’s study does seem to offer innocents a way of
A.disrupt | B.enliven | C.stretch | D.track |
A.broken down | B.torn apart | C.disapproved of | D.stocked up |
A.fallen | B.needed | C.recorded | D.secured |
A.scarce | B.reliable | C.convenient | D.universal |
A.verify | B.guard | C.evade | D.beat |
A.ratio | B.make-up | C.bulk | D.trace |
A.innocent | B.stubborn | C.outweighed | D.suspicious |
A.hypothesized | B.imposed | C.confirmed | D.explained |
A.signified | B.detected | C.mined | D.released |
A.In turn | B.Or rather | C.On the contrary | D.By contrast |
A.mass-testing | B.false-positive | C.anti-doping | D.drug-taking |
A.gender | B.behavioral | C.ethnic | D.indigenous |
A.low | B.stable | C.high | D.identical |
A.educating | B.concealing | C.defending | D.examining |
A.birth certificate | B.genetic profile | C.reference letter | D.medical report |
2 . The public must be able to understand the basics of science to make informed decisions. Perhaps the most dramatic example of the negative consequences of poor communication between scientists and the public is the issue of climate change, where a variety of factors has contributed to widespread mistrust and misunderstanding of scientists and their research. The issue of climate change also illustrates how the public acceptance and understanding of science (or the lack of it) can influence governmental decision-making with regard to regulation, science policy and research funding.
However, the importance of effective communication with a general audience is not limited to hot issues like climate change. It is also critical for issues such as the genetic basis for a particular behavior or the use of animal models because in these areas, the public understanding of science can also influence policy and funding decisions. Furthermore, with continuing scientific advances, more non-scientists will need to be able to analyze complex scientific information to make decisions that directly affect their quality of life.
Science journalism is the main channel for the popularization of scientific information among the public. Much has been written about how the relationship between scientists and the media can shape the efficient communication of scientific advances to the public. Good science journalists are specialists in making complex topics accessible to a general audience, while sticking to scientific accuracy. Unfortunately, pieces of science journalism can also oversimplify and generalize their subject material. As a result, the basic information conveyed is difficult to understand or obviously wrong.
Even though scientists play a part in conveying information to journalists and ultimately the public, too often the blame for ineffective communication is placed on the side of the journalists. I believe that, at least in part, the problem lies in places other than the interaction between scientists and members of the media. It exists because we underestimate how difficult it is for scientists to communicate effectively with a diversity of audiences, and most scientists do not receive formal training in science communication.
1. What does the example of climate change mainly serve to show?A.Adequate government funding is vital to scientific research. |
B.Government regulation helps the public understand science. |
C.The public’s scientific knowledge can influence policy making. |
D.There is widespread public mistrust and misunderstanding of scientific work. |
A.It helps scientists to build a better public image. |
B.It helps them to effectively popularize scientific information. |
C.It enables scientists to better apply their findings to public health. |
D.It enables the public to develop a positive attitude toward science. |
A.They give inaccurate or complicated information. |
B.They oversimplify people’s health problems. |
C.They fail to mention the scientific advances. |
D.They lack detailed information about scientific research. |
A.Interact more with the media. |
B.Give training to science journalists. |
C.Improve their communication skills. |
D.Arouse the public’s interest in science. |
A. boom B. enthusiastically C. voiced D. finds E. sharply F. racing G. fortune H. distinctly I. venturing J. deals K. joined |
Eight months ago, Meng Hu, 27, quit her job as a flight attendant in Guangzhou, China. She is now working full-time as a live-streaming host on Taobao.
“I’ve been talking nonstop,” Hu said, laughing. “My throat gets really hoarse. You need to talk a lot, because your mood is contagious (有感染力的). Only when you talk
Hu is part of a rising class of creators in China who are
Even the Chinese government has
Live-stream shopping is a combination of entertainment and e-commerce. Viewers buy goods online from people who show off their latest
Part of the allure(吸引力) of
For people like Hu, the live-stream host in Guangzhou, the ongoing
“Viewers might have doubled, but there’s probably about seven or eight times more new live-streamers now,” she estimated. “So many people like me have
A.To make full use of the oil. |
B.To replace oil with electricity. |
C.To find other forms of energy. |
D.To completely rely on clean energy. |
5 . There have been countless books and television series on living with teenagers, yet parents don’t seem to have
“The key to getting teenagers to respect you is to respect them first,” says Penny Palmano, who has written a best-selling book on teenagers. “You can’t
Palmano, who has a daughter aged 19, has even allowed the girl to hold several teenage parties at her home. “I’ve found that if you have brought your kids up to do the right thing, and then
She agrees that teenagers can be annoying: enjoying a world that is free of responsibility, yet
“This would explain why many teenagers can’t make good decisions, control their emotions, priorities or concentrate on several different things at the same time.
The key to
A.questioned | B.discovered | C.discussed | D.taught |
A.behavior | B.responsibility | C.issue | D.procedure |
A.continue | B.stop | C.strive | D.hesitate |
A.curious | B.ashamed | C.upset | D.unwise |
A.mark | B.feeling | C.lack | D.level |
A.instruct | B.require | C.forbid | D.trust |
A.solution | B.problem | C.opinion | D.voice |
A.essential | B.grateful | C.desperate | D.famous |
A.affording | B.failing | C.promising | D.trying |
A.occupied | B.mature | C.valued | D.fruitful |
A.In addition | B.By contrast | C.On balance | D.For example |
A.occasionally | B.intentionally | C.universally | D.significantly |
A.happiness | B.justice | C.restriction | D.courage |
A.consider | B.forget | C.encourage | D.forbid |
A.Therefore | B.Otherwise | C.Furthermore | D.Instead |
6 . A few years ago, a young woman at Facebook came to my desk and asked if she could speak privately. We headed into a conference room, where she began firing off questions about how I balance work and family. As the questions came faster and faster, I started to wonder about her urgency. I interrupted to ask if she had a child. She said no, but she liked to plan ahead. I inquired if she and her partner were considering having a child. She replied that she did not have a husband, then added with a little laugh, “Actually, I don’t even have a boyfriend.”
It seemed to me that she was jumping the gun but I understood why. From an early age, girls get the message that they will have to choose between succeeding at work and being a good mother. By the time they are in college, women are already thinking about the trade-offs they will make between professional and personal goals! When asked to choose between marriage and career, female college students are twice as likely to choose marriage as their male classmates. And this concern can start even younger. Peggy Orenstein, the author of Cinderella Ate My Daughter, related the story of a five-year-old girl who came home distraught from her after-school program and told her mother that both she and the boy she had a crush on wanted to be astronauts.When her mother asked why that was a problem, the little girl replied, “When we go into space together,who will watch out kids?” At five,she thought the most challenging aspect of space travel would be dependable childcare.
As I’ve mentioned, I’m a big believe in thoughtful preparation. Everywhere I go, I carry a little notebook with my to-do list. But when it comes to integrating career and family, planning too far in advance can close doors rather than open them. I have seen this happen over and over. Women rarely make one big decision to leave the workforce. Instead, they make a lot of small decision along the way, making accommodations and sacrifices that they believe will be required to have a family. Of all the ways women hold themselves back, perhaps the most pervasive is that they leave before they leave.
1. What does the underlined sentence in paragraph two “she was jumping the gun” mean in the passage?A.She was taking action before everyone else did. |
B.She was making preparations earlier than she was supposed to. |
C.She was reluctant to make the decisions all by herself. |
D.She was wondering how to balance work and family. |
A.After-school programs in primary schools encourage children to picture their future life. |
B.Domestic life is preventing women nowadays from pursuing higher goals in workplaces. |
C.Females nowadays start to weigh their choice between family and career at an even earlier age. |
D.Female college students are more willing to assume domestic responsibilities than their male classmates. |
A.upset | B.delighted | C.satisfied | D.excited |
A.Females are advised to make life-decisions after thoughtful preparation. |
B.It’s better for girls to plan for leaving the workplace step by step. |
C.Women usually make up the their mind to quit their job in a very short period of time. |
D.Planning too early for balancing career and family is hindering females from promotion in the workplace. |
7 . The Honors Program in Biochemistry & Molecular Biology (HPBMB) is offered to mature high school seniors with strong academic ability and achievement who seek careers in biological or biomedical science. Students can earn both a Bachelor of Science (B.S.) and a Doctor of Philosophy Degree (Ph.D.) in approximately 6 years.
Applicants to the Honors Program in Biochemistry & Molecular Biology must be in their last year of high school.
Undergraduates will have the opportunity to work with top-level research scientists in Biochemistry & Molecular Biology and also in clinical laboratories with scientists that are associated with the department. They will conduct intensive laboratory work in the areas of biochemistry, molecular biology or nutritional biochemistry starting in the summer before their first fall semester starts. By spring of their junior year;students will prepare an undergraduate thesis as preparation for their entry into graduate school. At that time, they will start taking graduate courses and continue to do research with a graduate faculty member.
To be considered students must:
• have a combined SAT I score of 1400(combined Math and Critical Reading scores)
• meet the SAT II score requirement of at least 600 in Math, and one science (Biology, Chemistry or Physics)
• have completed eight semesters of English and mathematics and two semesters each of Biology and Chemistry by the time they graduate from high school
• complete all components of your Common Application for undergraduate admission by November 1 of your senior year
• complete a supplemental application form for the Honors Program in Bio chemistry & Molecular Biology
• include a counselor recommendation, three letters of recommendation from teachers in support, of your application to the Honors Program and a personal statement
Send all Dual Admission Honors Program application materials to:
Dual Admission Honors Programs
Office of Admission
University of Miami
P. O. Box 248025
Coral Gables, FL 33124-4616
Fax number: (513)529-7592 (513)529-1950
For more information on the HPBMB, contact:
Dr. Thomas K. Harris
Director, Undergraduate and Medical Education
Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Office: Gautier Building, Room 111
Phone: 305-243-3358
•E-Mail: tkharris@miami.edu
1. We can learn from the passage that________.A.First- year students in a high school can apply for the program |
B.It’s possible for graduates to obtain both a bachelor's degree and a doctor's degree |
C.Graduates are promised a chance to work with top biomedical scientists |
D.A thesis is not necessary if an undergraduate want to go to graduate school |
A.A combined SAT I score of 1400 |
B.SAT II scores of at least 600 in Math and one science |
C.Three letters of recommendation from his teachers. |
D.A letter of recommendation from the principal. |
A.To tell students how to learn well in Biochemistry & Molecular Biology. |
B.To introduce a very famous university, the University of Miami. |
C.To attract excellent high school graduates to apply for the Honors Program. |
D.To give information on how to contact Director of the Honors Program. |
8 . Most of the people who appear most often and most gloriously in the history books are great conquerors and generals, while the people who really helped civilization forward are often never mentioned. We do not know who first set a broken leg, or launched a seaworthy boat, or calculated the length of the year, but we know all about the killers and destroyers. People think so much of them that on all the highest pillars in the great cities of the world you will find the figure of a conqueror or a general.
It is possible they are, but they are not the most civilized. Animals fight, so do savages; so to be good at fighting is to be good in the way in which an animal or a savage is good, but it is not to be civilized.
This is what the story of mankind has on the whole been like. But we must not expect too much. After all, the race of men has only just started. From the point of view of evolution, human beings are very young indeed, babies of a few months old. Scientists assume that there has been life of some sort on the earth for about twelve hundred million years; but there have been men for only one million years, and there has been civilized men for about eight thousand years.
A.Even being good at getting others to fight most efficiently is not being civilized. |
B.Most people believe those who have conquered the most nations are the greatest. |
C.However, every year conflicts between countries and nations still claim thousands of lives. |
D.And not only has it won, buts also because it has won, it has been in the right. |
E.So there has been little time to learn in, but there will be oceans of time in which to learn better. |
F.People don’t fight and kill each other in the streets, but nations still behave like savages. |
Old Folks Struggle With New Technology
Fang is a bright, lively,82-year-old woman from Beijing who is learning to use smartphone…but it’s been a struggle. “Technology advances so fast that
Fang grew up in a simpler age
I can certainly sympathize with Fang and the man from Dalian.They have spent their almost entire lives contributing to society and now they feel
Many older people have physical and health issues. Poor eyesight makes it almost impossible
New solutions are going to be needed to make sure that the elderly
10 . Picture a typical MBA lecture theatre twenty years ago. In it the majority of students will have conformed to (符合)the standard model of the time: male, middle class and Western. Walk into a class today, however, and you'll get a completely different impression. For a start, you will now see plenty more women-the University of Pennsylvania's Wharton School, for example, boasts that 40% of its new enrolment is female, you will also see a wide range of ethnic groups and nationals of practically every country.
It might be tempting, therefore, to think that the old barriers have been broken down and equal opportunity achieved. But, increasingly, this apparent diversity(多样化) is becoming a mask for a new type of conformity. Behind the differences in sex, skin tones and mother tongues, there are common attitudes, expectations and ambitions which risk creating a set clones among the business leaders of the future.
Diversity, it seems, has not helped to deal with basic weaknesses in business leadership. So, what can be done to create more effective managers of the commercial world? According to Valerie Gauthier, associate dean at HEC Paris, the key lies in the process by which MBA programs recruit(招募) their students. At the moment candidates are selected on a fairly narrow set of standards such as previous academic and career performance, and analytical and problem solving abilities. This is then coupled to a school's mixture of what a diverse class should look like, with the result that passport, ethnic origin and sex can all become influencing factors. But schools rarely dig down to find out what really makes an applicant succeed, to create a class which also contains diversity of attitude and approach-arguably the only diversity that, in a business context, really matters.
Professor Gauthier believes schools should not just be selecting candidates from traditional sectors such as banking, consultancy and industry. They should also be seeking individuals who have backgrounds in areas such as political science, the creative arts, history or philosophy, which will allow them to put business decisions into a wider context.
Indeed, there does seem to be a demand for the more rounded leaders such diversity might create. A study by Mannaz, a leadership development company, suggests that, while the bully-boy chief executive of old may not have been removed completely, there is a definite shift in emphasis towards less tough styles of management-at least in America and Europe. Perhaps most significant, according to Mannaz, is the increasing interest large companies have in more collaborative management models, such as those popular in Scandinavia, which seek to combine the hard and soft aspects of leadership and encourage delegated responsibility.
1. What characterizes the business school student population of today?A.Greater diversity | B.Intellectual maturity. |
C.Exceptional diligence. | D.Higher ambition. |
A.It will arouse students' unrealistic expectation. |
B.It will produce business leaders of a uniform style. |
C.It focuses on theory rather than on practical skills. |
D.It stresses competition rather than cooperation. |
A.Age and educational background. |
B.Social and professional experience. |
C.Attitude and approach to business. |
D.Ethnic origin and gender. |
A.Applicants with prior experience in business companies. |
B.Applicants with sound knowledge in math and statistics. |
C.Applicants from outside the traditional sectors. |
D.Applicants from less developed regions and areas. |
A.effective | B.traditional |
C.decisive | D.joint |