1 . There should be no doubt in anyone’s mind that the influence of media is growing stronger and stronger as time passes. If you have noticed, the speed at which news travels around the world has become faster with the development and advancement in technology. Media are actually influencing people in different ways.
Whether you admit it or not, watching movies and programs on the television or our laptop, ipad and other mobile devices as we relax takes us away into this different kingdom — that is, there are parts in our being that feels we are the ones in the movie and sometimes we even feel what they are feeling as we get caught in the emotional excitement. The effect of media does not stop when the movie or program ends. And this effect might just be the cause of behavioral changes in people.
With action films, children tend to follow the movie hero, engaging themselves to violent acts thinking that it is acceptable because his hero became successful in the end. There are cartoon programs that show acts of violence and dishonest acts against others. In return, children tend to copy the characters and think that cheating other people is a way to deal with their problems. They learn to transfer these ill behaviors to friends.
There are some television shows and movies that attempt to create an atmosphere to change the view of people towards social issues such as racial discrimination (歧视). In the minds of other people, the effect can be for the better, but some unfortunately for the worse.
There had been examples in the past that young people drunk driving imitating (模仿) their favorite actress. There was also a case where somebody set a subway ticket booth on fire because he saw it in his favorite film. These are just a few examples of the disturbing influence of media on people’s behavior.
An explanation to these bad acts is that these people could not distinguish fantasy from reality. They get caught up in the kingdom of what they had been watching and the images and scenes become deeply rooted in their minds.
So the media is largely responsible for giving people false ideas and unhealthy pictures, which lead to misbehavior against other people, and can create a dangerous cycle among individuals as they attempt to do the same or even worse things to others. The sad reality is, no one is turning off their televisions or disconnecting from these influences. The only way programming of this sort will change is when people no longer buy into it, demand it, and watch it.
1. What does the author want to tell us in Paragraph 2?| A．What it is that changes our emotion. |
| B．How media affect people’s behavior. |
| C．Why we are attracted by movies and programs. |
| D．Whether people feel being taken away from the reality. |
| A．生病的 | B．不吉利的 | C．不良的 | D．难受的 |
| A．They are just the violent people. |
| B．They hope to solve social problems. |
| C．They actually can’t tell fantasy from reality. |
| D．They want to change people’s attitudes towards media. |
| A．Sympathetic. | B．Critical. | C．Supportive. | D．Cautious. |
2 . NATIONAL PARK SERVICE
Last year, the National Park Service (NPS) marked its 100th anniversary with a year-long celebration.
Visitors behave badly. Today, visitors still aim to make their mark on the natural and cultural resources.
There is maintenance backlog (积压).
Despite some major concerns, the future of the NPS looks promising. With a renewed level of interest, and the help of some corporate donations, the parks will be protected for the next century.
| A．Climate change will affect all parks |
| B．Yellowstone National Park deserves a visit |
| C．The NPS took a look back at the last century |
| D．The maintenance burden will be removed soon |
| E．And they may look different in the next 100 years |
| F．Those are protected by the National Park Service as they did years ago |
| G．At the moment, donations from private corporations are limited to signs and certain exhibits |
Table tennis first
The International Table Tennis Federation has taken table tennis to a
World Table Tennis Day is celebrated by
4 . Heightened anxiety affects a person’s world, including his or her senses. Symptoms such as paralysis, numbness, or blindness which are not connected to a medical cause and are often traced to a psychological problem, are frequently termed conversion disorders (转换障碍).
I once met a client affected by blindness. Russ, a successful 66-year-old man, described visiting the local zoo with his wife and grandchildren when anxiety washed over him. His vision narrowed. “It felt like clouds were closing in on my eyes,” Russ said. Russ’s sight continued to narrow until he was almost completely visionless.
The experience occurred several times and eventually, Russ refused to leave his home. His medical doctor conducted numerous tests, but a medical explanation could not be identified.
As I gathered information about Russ’s life, it became clear that he was experiencing difficulty adjusting to an enormous life change — retirement. Yet, though most people look forward to retirement and regard it as a positive and well-deserved change, it was tough for him to admit he missed the important and respectable role he had performed so well. For forty years he had worked tirelessly to solidify the success of his company, so giving up “the mission” left him feeling empty and anxious.
Russ then shared his internal struggle with his wife, Mary. She supported him in developing new ways to fill himself up, such as caring for his grandchildren and contributing to several community architectural projects. He successfully re-consolidated his sense of self later.
It is normal and human to feel anxiety during the adjustment period. Bringing unconscious anxieties and conflicts into conscious awareness prevents the anxiety from taking over. And talking to a loved one or getting support from a psychotherapist is also necessary.
1. What trouble did Russ meet with while visiting the local zoo?| A．Missing the visiting time. | B．Getting separated from his wife. |
| C．Losing his sight for the moment. | D．Having his eyes blocked by clouds. |
| A．Losing the essential role. |
| B．Having nobody to talk with. |
| C．Being ignored by his colleagues. |
| D．Looking forward to early retirement. |
| A．By enriching his new life. |
| B．By starting a new company. |
| C．By seeing the doctor regularly. |
| D．By moving to a new community. |
| A．Heightened anxiety is easy to deal with. |
| B．Rebuilding one’s confidence takes patience. |
| C．One’s attitude adjustment matters when facing significant transition. |
| D．Increasing conscious awareness helps one fit in with the new life. |
5 . Americans are drinking less milk today than they did 40 years ago. In fact, Americans are drinking about 40 percent less than they did in 1975. This decrease has led the United States dairy (乳品) industry to explore new ways to get people to drink milk. One method it is testing: helping to set up coffee bars in U.S. high schools.
Schools prepare coffee drinks in different ways, but milk is always the main ingredient in lattes (拿铁). That is why Midwest Dairy is providing financial help for a coffee bar at a fourth high school in the Fort Zumwalt, Missouri area during the upcoming school year. In exchange, the group will get data on how much milk is used for the lattes, as well as other information about food products with dairy.
Dairy groups have provided money to high schools in many states. At a high school in North Dakota, for example, a $5,000 grant from a dairy group helped pay for a coffee machine. The device makes lattes with about 0.23 liters of milk each. The drinks used around 2,000 liters of milk this past school year.
Not all high school coffee bars get money from dairy groups. Even then, the money may only cover a small amount of the costs. But school food operators say lattes give American teenagers another reason to stay on school grounds.
But not everyone thinks teens should drink coffee, or that they need milk. The American Academy of Pediatrics is against children consuming products with caffeine.
While dairy is a good way to get calcium and vitamin D, it is not the only way to get such nutrients, says Doctor Natalie Muth. She is a child care specialist and representative for the American Academy of Pediatrics. As for lattes, Muth said there are ways to persuade students to get the nutrients of milk without promoting caffeine use.
1. Why is the United States dairy industry willing to help set up coffee bars in American high schools?| A．To promote milk consumption. | B．To keep students healthy. |
| C．To test a new mixed drink. | D．To compare coffee with milk. |
| A．Loan. | B．Aid. |
| C．Equipment. | D．Scholarship. |
| A．Supportive. | B．Ambiguous. |
| C．Disapproving. | D．Understanding. |
| A．Coffee Leads Americans to Drink More Milk |
| B．Why Do Americans Less Like Milk? |
| C．Coffee Is Welcomed by U.S. Students |
| D．Should Coffee Bars Be in Schools? |
6 . In 2012, an iPhone fell into my hands. This smart technology seemed like the entrance to only fun and positive things like chatting with friends and blogging.
However, seven years later, I had become horribly limited to it. Recent reports show that I’m not alone. According to a study, the average American spends five hours a day on smart devices (装置) and about 2.5 of those hours are spent on social, messaging, media and entertainment apps.
It’s hard to explain when the love and joy I felt for my iPhone turned into a dependency. I fell asleep to my phone every night and woke to it each morning. I checked the weather app every morning before I chose how to dress for the day. I used it to help me find my way through a city I should know well enough on my own. I updated my email box every time I picked my phone up.
Just like with any addiction, my phone dependency began to influence my life. While spending time with family, I’d stare into a small screen on my lap instead of being involved in communicating with my loved ones. At work, my productivity levels dropped. And then, my four-year relationship came to an end. Eventually, I was left with years of memories and a mobile phone that couldn’t provide enjoyable company across a dinner table, share in the joys of experiencing a concert or kiss me goodnight before bed.
Now, I move through life with more purpose and intention. I’ve cut back on carelessly giving away my limited time and attention to my phone. Instead, I focus my efforts on being as present as possible. Truly training the mind to stay present is a long and challenging road, but it’s important to start somewhere.
I hope you’ll take a deep look at your own phone habits and reevaluate how important a role you are letting it play in your life. Whether or not you’ve reached a place in your life where your screen time feels problematic, there’s no harm in mindfully giving your current practices some thought.
1. What does the author mean by saying “I’m not alone” underlined in Paragraph 2?| A．He takes his iPhone for company. |
| B．He has many friends around him. |
| C．There’re many Americans like him. |
| D．Blogging brings him great pleasure. |
| A．was quite confused about some apps |
| B．became hopelessly addicted to his iPhone |
| C．was afraid of spending more time on his iPhone |
| D．never dressed himself by checking the weather app |
| A．Why the author’s productivity levels dropped. |
| B．Why the author finally had phone dependency. |
| C．How the author bravely corrected his mistakes. |
| D．How the author’s life was negatively affected. |
| A．Persuade people to live a no-phone life. |
| B．Advise people to use their phones reasonably. |
| C．Inspire people to consider their roles in life again. |
| D．Urge people to devote their spare time to screens. |
7 . A disastrous fire surrounded Notre Dame（巴黎圣母院）completely and destroyed large parts of the Gothic(哥特式的) architecture on Monday.
“Notre Dame is our history, our literature; part of our spirit, the place of all our great events, our wars, our liberations, the center of our lives" French President Emmanuel Macron told reporters in front of the still burning Paris landmark and promised to rebuild Notre Dame Cathedral.
“Notre Dame is burning, and know the sadness and this tremble felt by so many fellow French people. But tonight, I’d like to speak of hope too, "he said, announcing the launch of a fundraising campaign.
“Let’s be proud, because we built this cathedral more than 800 years ago, we’ve built it and, throughout the centuries, let it grow and improve it. So I gravely say tonight: we will rebuild it together, ”he added.
The disastrous fire engulfed(吞没) the upper reaches of Paris’ towering Notre Dame Cathedral as it was undergoing renovations(翻新)。
Tourists and Parisians looked on horrified from the streets below. France’s Interior Ministry said firefighters might not be able to save the structure.
The fire collapsed the cathedrals’ spire(尖顶) and spread to one of its landmark towers "Everything is burning; nothing will remain from the frame, "Notre Dame spokesman Andre Finot told French media. The 12th-century cathedral is home to incalculable works of art and is one of the world’s most famous tourist attractions, immortalized by Victor Hugo’s 1831 novel The Hunchback of Notre Dame.
The cause of the fire was not known, but French media quoted the Paris fire brigade(消防队) as saying the fire is “potentially linked" to a 6 million—euro($6. 88 million)renovation project on the church’s spire and its 250 tons of lead. Officials opened an investigation as Paris police said there were no reported deaths. Some 400 firefighters were battling the fire well into the night.
1. What Emmanuel Macron said mainly shows that____________| A．Notre Dame was the symbol of Paris in history. |
| B．The French government are going to rebuild Notre Dame. |
| C．It took more than 800 years to build Notre Dame. |
| D．He was desperate when he made the announcement. |
| A．Notre Dame Cathedral was burnt down entirely. |
| B．The structure was well saved by the firefighters. |
| C．People who were killed in the fire are some firefighters. |
| D．The fire was likely caused by a renovation project on the church’s spire. |
| A．The novel made the cathedral famous. |
| B．The cathedral is repeatedly mentioned in the novel. |
| C．The novel became a bestseller thanks to the cathedral. |
| D．The novel became more mysterious due to the cathedral. |
| A．Disappointed. | B．Humorous. |
| C．Matter-of-fact. | D．Critical. |
8 . As the international demand for narrative(叙事的) film/TV content continues to increase with popular streaming services like Netflix and others the two questions then come: will the coming generations receive most of their entertainment through visual means rather than through the written word and will such an increase of narrative film/ TV reduce the importance of reading?
Growing examples of this trend include the diminishment(减少) of fiction in the common core (核心的)curriculum, the ever－rising culture of computer games, the wave of streaming services of wide international reach, and movies filled with special effects made for children and teenagers. Nor must we ignore the economic dangers that lie ahead for the written word. The narrative film industry is a moneymaker that dwarfs(使相形见绌) the publishing industry.
The other underlying question, of course, is “does it really matter if the written word bows to the world of film/TV?” From my point of view, any diminishment of fiction delivered by words is a loss for mankind.
There is no greater human feature than the imagination. It lies at the very soul of the human species. It is the brain’s most powerful engine. It is the essential muscle of life and like all muscles it must be exercised and strengthened.
Writing and reading are the principal tools that inspire, create and empower our imagination. Anything that diminishes that power is the enemy of mankind.
It should be known that I am not opposed to new media and technological advances. Instead, I have always felt it necessary to adapt to advancing technology. In fact, a number of my novels are in various stages of development for film, TV, and live stage productions. My hope is that the written word will only stand to be complemented(补充)by its visual counterparts(对应物), not pushed to the edge of extinction.
Of course, there are those who will present arguments for the superiority of the moving image over the written word. Each has its place. My argument is for finding the right balance between it and the moving image.
1. In what way does narrative film/TV embarrass the written word?| A．Economic benefits | B．International reach |
| C．Cultural influence | D．Educational importance |
| A．It strengthens our muscles. | B．It helps sharpen imagination. |
| C．It distinguishes man from each other. | D．It paves the way for narrative film/TV. |
| A．Cautious | B．Skeptical |
| C．Positive | D．Critical |
| A．The fate of reading. | B．The extinction of fiction. |
| C．The impact of the written word. | D．The future of the moving image. |
此题要求改正所给短文中的错误。对标有题号的每一行做出判断∶
如无错误,在该行右边横线上画一个勾(√);如有错误(每行只有一个错误), 则按下列情况改正∶
该行多一个词∶把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉, 在该行右边横线上写出该词,并也用斜线划掉。
该行缺一个词∶在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),在该行右边横线上写出该加的词。
该行错一个词∶在错的词下划一横线,在该行右边横线上写出改正后的词。
注意∶原行没有错的不要改。
Get a good education is more important today than
ever before. In Canada mostly children attend public
schools. Public schools are mainly found by governments
through tax income. Students in Canada taught in
English and in French. The rests of Canadian children
attend private schools, that are supported mainly by fees
paying by parents. By law, the children must attend
the school from age 5 to 16. There are several different
levels in the Canadian education system .The first was
called Elementary Schools, which include kindergartens
through grade 7 or 8.
10 . A serious problem for today’s society is who should be responsible for our elderly and how to improve their lives. It is not only a financial problem but also a question of the system we want for our society. I would like to suggest several possible solutions to this problem.
First, employers should take the responsibility for their retired employees. To make this possible, a percentage of profits should be set aside for this purpose. But when a company must take life-long responsibility for its employees, it may softer from a commercial disadvantage due to higher employee costs.
Another way of solving the problem is to return the responsibility to the individual. This means each person must save during his working years to pay for his years of retirement. This does not seem a very fair model since some people have enough trouble paying for their daily life without trying to earn extra to cover their retirement years. This means the government might have to step in to care for the poor.
In addition, the government could take responsibility for the care of the elderly. This could be financed through government taxes to increase the level of pensions. Furthermore, some institution should be created for senior citizens, which can help provide a comfortable life for them. Unfortunately, as the present situation in our country shows, this is not a truly viable answer. The government can seldom afford to care for the elderly, particularly when it is busy trying to care for the young.
One further solution is that the government or social organizations establish some working places especially for the elderly where they are independent.
To sum up, all these options have advantages and disadvantages. Therefore, it is reasonable to expect that some combination of these options may be needed to provide the care we hope to give to our elderly generations.
1. What is the passage mainly about?| A．The problems faced by the old in society. |
| B．Why we should take responsibility for the old. |
| C．How we can improve the lives of the old. |
| D．Where the old can go to get their pensions. |
| A．Set aside some profits to help people with problems after they retire. |
| B．Increase savings levels of people during their working years. |
| C．Increase the discounts for food and transport for the old. |
| D．Make available pensions for those who have retired. |
| A．impossible | B．practical |
| C．useful | D．successful |
| A．Taking care of the old is mainly an issue of money. |
| B．Employers should allow their workers to retire at a later age. |
| C．Becoming independent should be the goal of most old people. |
| D．There is no single solution to the problems of the old. |
| A．To point out the need for government supped for old people. |
| B．To make general readers aware of the problems of retired people. |
| C．To discuss some possible solutions to an important social problem. |
| D．To instruct retired people on how they can have a happier life. |
