2 . Summary

How to deal with Whiners (抱怨不停的人)?

There are always some people radiating negativity in the work place. For them, the temperature is never right, the boss is always a fool, the canteen food is awful, and they are always treated unfairly.

Career experts say such habitual complainers are highly contagious and that their attitude can easily affect an entire team in a company. “While some complaints might be reasonable, others are taken from thin air. You need to see between these different types and  adopt the right strategy towards each,” said Li Ling, HR manager at Wal-Mart (China). 

It’s especially hard to deal with complaints at work because you can’t just walk away or put your colleagues’ words out of mind. If you do, it will hurt your co-workers and you might be isolated. In a team-based company you belong to a group and need to behave accordingly. But don’t show too much sympathy. Listening passively to others’ complaints could damage your image and give others the impression that you agree with them. “Listen to the whiners actively,” says HR Li. “Help them find a solution, or see if there are ways to improve the situation.”  

Zhai Min, 24, a software engineer at Kingdee International Software Group in Shenzhen, found that 3 elderly workers liked to complain about everything, from extended working hours to  cheap hotels on business trips. “I let them talk about their opinions,” she said, “They feel better when they can tell someone how they want things to be.”  

But listening actively is far from enough. Wang Dianxue, 27, is an Internet engineer at Beijing Push Marcom Group. His co-workers always complain that their computer systems are not working properly. “I ask about the specifics and work together with them to fix everything technically.” he said.  

HR managers believe that when staffs complain, it is more a matter of recognition than an actual problem. “The real problem is that the whiners don’t feel they are being taken seriously,” said Xu Jun, HR manager at Guangqi Honda Automobile Co., Ltd. “When you attentively give them advice or perspectives, the problem usually disappears.” 

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6 . A is for always getting to work on time.

B is for being extremely busy.

C is for the conscientious(勤勤恳恳的)way you do your job.

You may be all these things at the office, and more. But when it comes to getting ________, experts say, the ABCs of business should include a P, for politics, as in office politics.

Dale Carnegie suggested many years ago: Hard work alone doesn’t ________ career advancement. You have to be able to sell yourself and your ideas, both publicly and behind the scenes. Yet, despite the obvious ________ of engaging in office politics-a better job, a raise, praise-many people are still unable—or unwilling-to “play the game”.

“People take it for granted that office politics ________ some manipulative(工于心计的)behaviour,” says Deborah Comer, an assistant professor of management at Hofstra University. “ ________ politics originates from the word ‘polite’. It can mean lobbying(游说)and forming associations. It can mean being kind and helpful, or even trying to please your superior, and then expecting something ________.”

In fact, today, experts ________ office politics as proper behaviour used to pursue one’s own self-interest in the workplace. In many ________, this involves some form of socializing within the office environment-not just in large companies, but in small workplaces as well.

“The first thing people are usually ________ on is their ability to perform well on a regular basis,” says Neil P Lewis, a management psychologist. “But if two or three ________ are up for a promotion, each of whom has reasonably ________ ability, a manager is going to promote the person he or she likes best. It’s simple human ________.”

Yet, psychologists say, many employees and employers have trouble with the concept of politics in the office. ________ people, they say, have an idealistic idea of work and what it takes to succeed. Still others ________ politics with flattery(奉承). They are fearful that, if they speak up for themselves, they may ________ to be flattering their boss for favours.

Experts suggest altering this negative picture by recognizing the need for some self-promotion.

1.

A．along

B．ahead

C．across

D．up

2.

A．suggest

B．contribute

C．foresee

D．ensure

3.

A．rewards

B．burdens

C．reputation

D．psychology

4.

A．intends

B．concludes

C．involves

D．sacrifice

5.

A．So

B．Then

C．But

D．Though

6.

A．in general

B．by contrast

C．for instance

D．in return

7.

A．define

B．extend

C．motivate

D．adapt

8.

A．evidences

B．cases

C．offices

D．surroundings

9.

A．relied

B．counted

C．judged

D．instructed

10.

A．candidates

B．interviewees

C．employers

D．champions

11.

A．normal

B．academic

C．natural

D．similar

12.

A．action

B．nature

C．personality

D．potential

13.

A．Few

B．All

C．No

D．Some

14.

A．isolate

B．combine

C．separate

D．associate

15.

A．pretend

B．agree

C．appear

D．refuse

7 . Many cities around the world today are heavily polluted. Careless methods of production and ________ of consumer demands for environment friendly products have ________ the pollution problem. One ________ is that millions of tons of glass, paper, plastic, and metal containers are produced, and these are difficult to get rid of.

________, today, more and more consumers are choosing “green” and demanding that the products they buy should be safe for the environment. ________ they buy a product, they ask questions like these: “Will this shampoo damage the environment?” “Can this metal container be ________ or can it only be used once?”

A recent study showed that two ________ five adults now consider the environmental safety of a product before they buy it. This means that companies must now change the ________ they make and sell their products to make sure that they are “green,” that is, friendly to the environment.

Only a few years ago, it was impossible to find green products in supermarkets, but now there are hundreds. Some supermarket products ________ labels to show that the product is green. Some companies emphasize that their products are clean and safe in their advertising and have made it their main selling ________.

The ________ for a safer and cleaner environment is making companies rethink ________ they do business. No longer will the public accept the old ________ of “Buy it, use it, throw it away and forget it.” The public ________ is still here, and companies are ________ their act gradually.

1.

A．part

B．lack

C．lots

D．varieties

2.

A．applied to

B．contributed to

C．exposed to

D．devoted to

3.

A．possibility

B．chance

C．result

D．effect

4.

A．Therefore

B．Furthermore

C．Similarly

D．However

5.

A．After

B．Though

C．Before

D．Unless

6.

A．reused

B．safe

C．friendly

D．returned

7.

A．of

B．on

C．from

D．out of

8.

A．rhyme

B．way

C．section

D．branch

9.

A．carry

B．take

C．include

D．make

10.

A．advantage

B．technique

C．point

D．attraction

11.

A．concern

B．hope

C．care

D．plan

12.

A．what

B．how

C．whether

D．when

13.

A．saying

B．trust

C．attitude

D．fashion

14.

A．pressure

B．pleasure

C．discussion

D．interest

15.

A．enlarging

B．sharing

C．cleaning

D．improving

8 . As anyone who has tried to lose weight knows, realistic goal setting generally produces the best results. That is partially _________ people who set realistic goals actually appear to work more efficiently, and make more effort, to achieve those goals.

What is far less understood by scientists, _________, are the potentially harmful effects of goal setting.

Newspapers relay (转发) reports of goal setting prevalent in industries and businesses up and down both Wall Street and Main Street, yet there has been surprisingly little research on how the practice of setting goals may have_________ to the current economic crisis, and unethical (不道德) behaviour in general.

“Goals are widely used and promoted as they have really_________ effects. And yet, the same motivation that can push people to make more effort in a constructive way could also motivate people to be more likely to_________ unethical activities,” says Maurice Schweitzer, professor at Penn’s Wharton School.

“It turns out there’s_________ economic benefit to just having a goal — you just get a psychological benefit,” Schweitzer says. “But in many cases, goals have economic_________ that make them more powerful.’

A typical example Schweitzer and his colleagues mention is the 2002_________ of energy-trading giant Enron, where managers used financial incentives (鼓励) to motivate salesmen to meet specific revenue goals. The problem, Schweitzer says, is the actual trades were not_________ .

Other studies have shown that__________ employees with unrealistic goals can force them to lie, cheat or steal. Such was the case in the early 1990s when Sears__________ specific sales quota (额度) for its auto repair staff. It__________ employees to complete repairs that were actually unnecessary just to meet the requirement.

Schweitzer admits his research runs counter to (违背) a very large body of literature that__________ the many benefits of goal setting. However, __________ of goal setting have argued with Schweitzer’s use of such evidence to support his conclusion that goal setting is widely__________ .

1.

A．how

B．why

C．when

D．because

2.

A．moreover

B．therefore

C．however

D．otherwise

3.

A．objected

B．contributed

C．opposed

D．adapted

4.

A．doubtful

B．subtle

C．beneficial

D．competitive

5.

A．get involved in

B．add to

C．show off

D．enroll in

6.

A．considerable

B．huge

C．declined

D．little

7.

A．risks

B．problems

C．expenses

D．rewards

8.

A．success

B．collapse

C．rise

D．release

9.

A．ignorant

B．affordable

C．tolerant

D．profitable

10.

A．equipping

B．burdening

C．inspiring

D．capturing

11.

A．forced

B．made

C．set

D．gave

12.

A．expected

B．persuaded

C．drove

D．commanded

13.

A．praises

B．denies

C．neglects

D．ruins

14.

A．supporters

B．volunteers

C．participants

D．experts

15.

A．undervalued

B．spread

C．rejected

D．over-recommended

9 . When buying a smartphone, I keep my criteria simple. If the device can handle WeChat, phone calls, and _________ the Internet, I purchase it. If it’s too expensive, I _________ it. This approach to acquiring smartphones _________ for me as I keep my needs basic. Aside from saving myself money, I may have also saved myself from some wounds or burns which I might get if I chose a flawed phone. A few years ago, things _________ for Samsung — literally.

One of Samsung’s innovation was called the Note7. Sadly, it was discontinued (停产) only 38 days after being made available for consumption. At first, a few customers complained that their phones caught fire while being _________. Samsung, being responsible, launched an investigation to _________ the cases. They issued a global _________ on 1 September, but it was taken merely as a suggestion and not seen as _________. Then the tech giant gave a stronger message to worldwide customers, saying all owners must stop using their Note7s immediately.

Commercial forces encourage tech companies to push the envelopes and produce new products every few months. Sometimes, a conflict of interests can occur. The greed for innovation has a funny way of causing _________ for the basics — like safety — and the Note7’s situation is just one example of this. The device __________ all kinds of cool features, including a super-high-resolution camera, an iris scanner and an especially powerful __________. Ideally, manufacturers should consider all relevant aspects when creating new commodities. Samsung has both the money and technical know-how to prevent such negligence. The Note7’s __________ was most likely rushed in order to make more profit, which __________ having the opposite effect. Time will tell how much this oversight will cost with respect to Samsung’s fame and future.

__________, many people assumed that Samsung could eventually come back over the horizon and restore its reputation as a manufacturer of excellent smartphones if its new models had no major flaw. In the smartphone industry, intense competition will only bring more benefit to consumers. If there were only one __________ company, we would be left with no options for top-of-the-line phones.

1.

A．surf

B．access

C．launch

D．process

2.

A．buy

B．desire

C．recommend

D．abandon

3.

A．works

B．checks

C．helps

D．adapts

4.

A．grew up

B．brought up

C．blew up

D．dug up

5.

A．locked

B．broadcast

C．charged

D．carried

6.

A．look over

B．look through

C．look up

D．look into

7.

A．recycle

B．restore

C．recover

D．recall

8.

A．aggressive

B．desperate

C．anxious

D．urgent

9.

A．neglect

B．need

C．demand

D．application

10.

A．causes

B．boasts

C．defines

D．forbids

11.

A．battery

B．screen

C．chip

D．frame

12.

A．campaign

B．promotion

C．invention

D．release

13.

A．ended up

B．served for

C．acted out

D．turned over

14.

A．Consequently

B．Therefore

C．Furthermore

D．Nevertheless

15.

A．flexible

B．ambitious

C．dominant

D．feasible

10 . 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

It was a very cold morning as it had been raining very heavily the previous night. As my mother was feeling a little uncomfortable, my sister volunteered to drive me to school. I overslept and as a result, was a bit late for school. We got into the car hurriedly. The roads were already jammed with traffic. It appeared that everyone was late as well.

My sister was a careful driver and despite the fact that I was late, she refused to drive fast on the slippery road. I was lucky she was such a determined and careful person because a few hundred meters away from the school, we witnessed an accident.

It all happened in an instant, as most accidents do. A car took a left turning without signaling and a school bus crashed into it heavily. A few cars behind the school bus hit the bus as they could not stop in time and soon it became a pile-up. The car was damaged badly while the school bus also had some damage. And the already crowded road became more jammed with vehicles, which came to a mess. We wanted to help the victims. My sister drove to a stop at the roadside not too far from the accident spot.

The scene that greeted us was terrible. I first rushed to the car. The driver, a lady, lay trapped behind the wheel, unable to move. Three schoolchildren were in the back seat, their faces white with fear. Two of them were seriously hurt and bleeding from the head and hands. They were conscious although too weak and frightened to realize what had happened. We called an ambulance and while waiting, we tried as much as possible to help the victims. As a result of our joint efforts, the driver and the children were moved to safety and taken care of.

注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Then, I rushed to the bus filled with children’s cries.

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After the ambulance had left, two policemen asked me about the accident.

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