3 . Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
成长道路上难免遇到来自同伴的压力(peer pressure)。同伴压力可能给我们带来积极或消极的影响。请结合自己生活中的一个具体事例, 谈谈你的体会。
注意:请勿透露本人真实姓名和学校名称。
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4 . Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in NO MORE THAN 60 WORDS. Use your own words as far as possible. Write your answer on the answer sheet.

To understand the changing role of women in China, consider the runaway success of a novel titled Du Lala’s Rise.   Decades after Mao Zedong declared that women hold up half the   sky,” the success of Du Lala and her peers reflects a curious fact about women in China: they appear to be far more ambitious than their counterparts (对应者)in the United States.

Rjpa Rashid, a senior vice president at the Center for Work-Life Policy, says the rapid growth “creates this excitement”， and builds on a cultural and historical legacy (遗产)in which Chinese women are not just encouraged to participate in the workforce, they are expected to.

One result has been a generation of women and girls who believe they belong among China’s power elite ( 精 英 ). In the US, that shift followed decades of battles over equality and women’s rights. In China, there are fewer institutional barriers for women trying to succeed professionally.

That’s true, too, in the executive suite. Grant Thornton International, the tax consultancy, found that roughly eight out of 10 companies in China had women in senior management roles, compared with approximately half in the European Union and two thirds in the US.     Similarly,       in China, 31 percent of top executives are female, compared with 20 percent in America.

Thirdly, child care is easily accessible in China, enabling them to pursue their careers after giving birth to their children. Fourthly, ambition has become a matter of necessity in fast-paced China, and both the husband and wife have to work in order to keep up with the skyrocketing housing prices.

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

5 . Each stage of life has different major demands mainly because our needs change. As children, a period of deep uncertainty and sensitivity,___ and   family   are   the   top   needs although we may not think of them in those terms. As teenagers, we are__the waters of adult life, preparing ourselves for the exciting unknown and as young adults, we search for a__. The drive to fulfill each stage is so strong that sometimes we have to hold the breath to___.

At each stage, although everyone may___in dreams, we will all try to   take hold of the means to achieve our particular dreams. Some will be driven with   almost   tunnel vision,   others take a(n)____attitude to getting there. Anyway,   without dreams it is   hard to direct   life. If   you   are   fortunate   enough   to   achieve   your   current   dreams,   you   can   move   forward   for___desires and prepare yourself for a new conquest.

For each period of life,   the   needs are   decided by that stage,   and as we grow older, whether we like it or not, we gain___, which, on the basis of former facts and information,   permits us to see a broader view if we are wise enough to take on board what is there. As we mature,   the sharpness of the___of youth, the black and white approach to life, will be tempered by what is possible, kind, just and fair.   Ageing helps us to grow if we allow it.   So often   we___that process, holding on tightly to   rooted beliefs   which do not do us   any favour, yet our needs change and in result we will___be different.

Physically,   even when we stay fit and able, the body cannot deliver in quite the   same way as youth. This comes as a(n)___to most of us who start life in the belief that we are unbeatable and will live forever. Again, coming to terms with this fact helps us to___anxiety, and finally realize the unexpected benefits which come along with___face and slowed body.   What was important when we were young can be seen now in a new light, and a different list of importance emerges. In the end, extreme age can be as demanding and sensitive as babyhood, so while ones need changes through life, it seems to come___.

1.

A．finance

B．security

C．marriage

D．education

2.

A．testing

B．sharing

C．changing

D．setting

3.

A．financial advisor

B．childhood companion

C．life partner

D．household keeper

4.

A．take action

B．calm down

C．look forward

D．pay attention

5.

A．believe

B．persevere

C．vary

D．persist

6.

A．easy

B．random

C．formal

D．similar

7.

A．noble

B．fresh

C．reasonable

D．superior

8.

A．experience

B．responsibility

C．respect

D．agreement

9.

A．individualism

B．materialism

C．idealism

D．socialism

10.

A．resist

B．enjoy

C．evolve

D．strengthen

11.

A．unexpectedly

B．terribly

C．comparatively

D．necessarily

12.

A．inquiry

B．instinct

C．refusal

D．shock

13.

A．worsen

B．manage

C．judge

D．feel

14.

A．wrinkled

B．depressed

C．impressive

D．serious

15.

A．with high requirements

B．in full circle

C．without difficulty

D．on a large scale

6 . Gender Stereotypes Are Messing with Your Kid

Gender stereotypes are messing with your kid. It’s not just one movie. It’s not just one TV show. It’s constant exposure to the same dated concepts in the media over and over, starting before preschool and lasting a lifetime --- concepts like: Boys are smarter than girls: certain jobs are best for men and others for women; and even that girls are responsible for their own sexual assaults.

According to a recent report, which analyzed more than 150 articles, interviews, books, and other social-scientific research, gender stereotypes in moves and on TV shows are more than persistient.    1     what make these messages stick --- and harder for parents to counteract – is that they’re timed for the precise moment in kids’ development when they’re most receptive to their influence.

Think of preschoolers who are just beginning to identify as boys or girls. The characters they see on TV often have an obvious masculine or feminine appearance, such as a superhero’s big muscles or a princess’ long hair. These characters also are often associated with specific traits---for example, being strong and brave or fearful and meek.     2     That “Strong and brave” superhero becomes aggressive and hostile. That “fearful and meek” princess becomes submissive and weak.

For young audiences who absorb ideas from the media on how to behave and what to become, these characterizations can lead to false assumptions and harmful conclusions. These oversimplified characterizations play out in many ways over and over. According to the report, a lifetime of viewing stereotypical media becomes so ingrained that it can ultimately affect kids’ career choices, self-worth, relationships, and ability to achieve their full potential.

And lots of parent are concerned about these issues, too. We polled nearly 1,000 parents across the country and found that they believe the media has a significant influence on their kids, from how girls should look and behave to how seeing violence can affect boys’ beliefs about themselves.     3    Because, let’s face it: exaggerating the differences entertained. It’s not what we really want our kids to emulate.

While there are movies and TV shows that defy gender stereotypes---and Hollywood is making some progress on this front --- you’re not going to be able to prevent your kids from seeing everything that sends the wrong message. And your kids probably like a lot of media that reinforces stereotypes.     4    When you actively role-model gender equality, speak out against stereotypes, and challenge outdated ideas, kids will hear that loud and clear.

A．Luckily, parents can assert control over the messages that Hollywood dishes out.

B．You have a lot of control over your kids’ media --- mostly when they’re little, but even as they grow.

C．Fortunately, the most powerful messages kids absorb are from you.

D．Ideally, self-segregate based on gender --- boys want to play with boys, and girls want to play with girls.

E．They’re incredibly effective at teaching kids what the culture expects of boys and girls.

F．Fast-forward to the tween and teen years, when characters begin to wrestle with relationships, life, and job prospects.

7 . High school students who take music courses score significantly better on math, science and English exams than their non-musical peers, according to a new study published in the Journal of Educational Psychology.

School administrators needing to cut budgets often look first to music courses, because the general belief is that students who devote time to music rather than math, science and English, will_______ in those disciplines.

“Our research proved this belief _________   and found the more the students engage with music, the better they do in those subjects,” said UBC (University of British Columbia) education professor and the study’s principal investigator, Peter Gouzouasis. “The students who learned to play a musical instrument in elementary and_______ playing in high school not only score significantly higher, but were about one academic year ahead of their non-music peers with regard to their English, mathematics and science skills, as measured by their exam grades, _______   their socioeconomic background, race, previous learning in mathematics and English, and gender.”

Gouzouasis and his team _________   data from all students in public schools in British Columbia who finished Grade 12 between 2012 and 2015. The data ___________, made up of more than 112,000 students, included those who completed at least one standardized exam for math, science and English. Students who studied at least one instrumental music course in the regular curriculum counted as students_______   music.

The researchers found the _______ relationships between music education and academic achievement were       more pronounced for those who took instrumental music rather than vocal (发声的) music. The findings suggest skills learned in instrumental music_________ very broadly to the students’ learning in school.

“Learning to play a musical instrument and playing in a band is very________,” said the study’s co-investigator Martin Guhn, an assistant professor in UBC’s school of population and public health. “A student has to learn to read musical notes, develop eye-hand-mind coordination ( 协 调 ), develop keen listening skills, develop________   skills for playing in a band and develop discipline to practice. All those learning experiences, and more, play a role in________ the learner’s cognitive capacities (认知能力), executive functions, and motivation to learn in school.”

The researchers hope that their findings will be brought to the________ of students, parents, teachers and administrative decision-makers in education, as many school districts over the years have emphasized mathematics and literacy________ other   areas   of   learning,   particularly   music.   “However,   the   amusing   aspect   is   that________ education can be the very thing that improves all-around academic achievement,” said Gouzouasis.

1.

A．overbalance

B．underperform

C．overwork

D．underplay

2.

A．fantastic

B．strategic

C．embarrassing

D．wrong

3.

A．resisted

B．delayed

C．deserted

D．continued

4.

A．thanks to

B．in contrast to

C．regardless of

D．by means of

5.

A．examined

B．published

C．stored

D．exchanged

6.

A．report

B．sample

C．analysis

D．center

7.

A．taking

B．composing

C．sharing

D．performing

8.

A．casual

B．symbolic

C．predictive

D．changeable

9.

A．transfer

B．decline

C．attach

D．limit

10.

A．attractive

B．distinct

C．independent

D．demanding

11.

A．life

B．literacy

C．team

D．survival

12.

A．altering

B．enhancing

C．distracting

D．labeling

13.

A．attention

B．question

C．edge

D．glory

14.

A．in terms of

B．as a result of

C．in case of

D．at the cost of

15.

A．health

B．music

C．science

D．school

8 . Whenever Michael Carl, the fashion market director at Vanity Fair, goes out to dinner with friends, he plays something called the phone pile game:Everyone places his __________ in the middle of the table;whoever looks at their device before the check arrives __________ for the dinner.

Brandon Holley, the former editor of Lucky magazine, had trouble __________ her mobile phone when she got home from work. So about six months ago, she began putting her phone into a milk tin the moment she walked in. It remains there until after dinner.

And Marc Jacobs, the fashion designer, didn’t want to sleep next to a noisy phone. So he __________ computers and phones from his bedroom, a house rule he __________ with audiences during a screening of his film Disconnect.

As smartphones continue to __________ into our lives, and wearable devices like Google Glass threaten our personal space even further, users say these disconnecting __________ are improving their relationships and their brains.

“Disconnecting is something that we all __________ , “Lesley M.M, Blume, a New York writer, told The New York Times. “The expectation that we must always be available to everyone creates a real problem in trying to __________ private time. But that private-time is more important than ever.”

A popular method for __________ is to choose a box for your cellphone, like Ms. Holley. “If my phone is lighting up, it’s still a distraction, so it goes in the __________ “she said.

Others choose new __________ . “No screens after 11 pm, “said Ari Melber, a TV host. “I found the evenings were more __________ , and I was sleeping better, “he said.

Sleep is a big factor, which is why Peter Som, a fashion designer, doesn’t”want to sleep __________ something that is full of photos and emails”, said Mr. Som, who keeps his phone charging in the living room overnight.”It __________ is a head-clearer.”

1.

A．wallet

B．handbag

C．watch

D．phone

2.

A．pays

B．waits

C．prepares

D．reaches

3.

A．examining

B．ignoring

C．charging

D．finding

4.

A．banned

B．observed

C．collected

D．adjusted.

5.

A．communicated

B．agreed

C．dealt

D．shared

6.

A．keep their word

B．make their way

C．take their time

D．fix their attention

7.

A．techniques

B．achievements

C．images

D．appliances

8.

A．learn

B．produce

C．receive

D．need

9.

A．figure out

B．take up

C．set aside

D．get over

10.

A．distributing

B．entertaining

C．monitoring

D．disconnecting

11.

A．box

B．room

C．pocket

D．bag

12.

A．games

B．orders

C．sections

D．rules

13.

A．urgent

B．upsetting

C．relaxing

D．virtual

14.

A．ahead of

B．next to

C．beyond

D．within

15.

A．definitely

B．originally

C．scarcely

D．considerately

9 . Though the spread of good reproduction (复制品) of works of art can be culturally valuable, museums continue to promote the special status of original work and highlight the authenticity (真实) of its exhibits. Unfortunately, this seems to place severe limitations on the kind of experience offered to visitors.

One limitation is related to the way the museum presents its exhibits. Art museums are often called “treasure houses”. We are reminded of this even before we view a collection by the presence of security guards who keep us away from the exhibits. In addition, a major collection like that of London’s National Gallery is housed in numerous rooms, where a single piece of work is likely to be worth more than all the average visitor possesses. In a society that judges the personal status of the individual so much by their material worth, it is therefore difficult not to be impressed by one’s own relative “worthlessness” in such an environment.

Furthermore, consideration of the “value” of the original work in its treasure house setting impresses upon the viewer that since these works were originally produced, they have been assigned a huge value in terms of money by some person or institution more powerful than themselves. Evidently, nothing the viewer thinks about the work is going to alter that value, and so today’s viewer is discouraged from trying to extend that spontaneous, immediate, self-reliant kind of interpretation which would originally have met the work.

The visitor may then be struck by the strangeness of seeing such a variety of paintings, drawings and sculptures brought together in an environment for which they were not originally created. This “displacement effect” is further heightened by the huge volume of exhibits. In the case of a major collection, there are probably more works on display than we could realistically view in weeks or even months.

This is particularly distressing because time seems to be a vital factor in the appreciation of all art forms. A fundamental difference between paintings and other art forms is that there is no prescribed time over which a painting is viewed. Operas, novels and poems are read in a prescribed time sequence, whereas a picture has no clear place at which to start viewing, or at which to finish. Thus art works themselves encourage us to view them superficially, without appreciating the richness of detail and labor that is involved.

Consequently, the dominant critical approach becomes that of the art historian, a specialized academic approach devoted to “discovering the meaning” of art within the cultural context of its time. This is in harmony with the museum’s function, since the approach is dedicated to seeking out and conserving “authentic”, “original” readings of the exhibits.

1. The writer mentions London’s National Gallery to illustrate ______.

A．the undesirable cost to a nation of maintaining a huge collection of art

B．the conflict that may arise in society between financial and artistic values

C．the negative effect a museum can have on visitors’ opinion of themselves

D．the need to put individual well-being above large-scale artistic schemes

2. The writer says that today viewers may be unwilling to criticize a work because they ______.

A．lack the knowledge needed

B．fear it may have financial implications

C．have no real concept of the work’s value

D．feel their personal reaction is of no significance

3. The writer says that unlike other forms of art, the appreciation of a painting does not ______.

A．involve direct contact with an audience

B．require a specific location for performance

C．need the involvement of other professionals

D．call for a specific beginning or ending

4. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?

A．Original work: killer of artistic appreciation

B．Original work: reduction to value of art works

C．Original work: substitute for reproduction

D．Original work: art historians’ bread and butter

10 . The expression, "everybody's doing it," is very much at the center of the concept of peer pressure. It is a social influence applied on an individual in order to get that person to act or believe in a(n) ___ way as a larger group. This influence can be negative or positive, and can exist in both large and small groups.

People are social creatures by nature, and so it is hardly ___that some part of their self-respect comes from the approval of others. This instinct explains why the approval of peers, and the fear of ____, is such a powerful force in many people's lives. This instinct drives people to dress one way at home and another way at work, or to answer a simple “fine" when a stranger asks "how are you?" even if it is not necessarily true. There is a(n) _____aspect to this: it helps society to function efficiently, and encourages a general level of self-discipline that ___day-to-day interaction between people.

For certain individuals, seeking social acceptance is so important that it becomes a(n) ___: in order to satisfy the desire, they may go so far as to ___their sense of right and wrong. Teens and young adults may feel forced to use drugs, or join gangs that ____criminal behavior. Mature adults may sometimes feel ___ to cover up illegal activity at the company where they work, or end up in debt because they are unable to hold back the desire to buy a house or car that they can't afford in an effort to ___ the peers.

However, peer pressure is not always negative. A student whose friends are good at ___may be urged to work harder and get good grades. Players on a sports team may feel driven to play harder in order to help the team win. This type of ___can also get a friend off drugs, or to help an adult take up a good habit or drop a bad one.

Although peer pressure is sometimes quite obvious, it can also be so ___that a person may not even notice that it is affecting his or her behavior. For this reason, when making important decisions, simply going with a(n) ___is risky. Instead, people should seriously consider why they feel drawn to taking a particular action, and whether the real ____ is simply that everyone else is doing the same thing.

1.

A．traditional

B．similar

C．peculiar

D．opposite

2.

A．understandable

B．believable

C．acceptable

D．surprising

3.

A．disapproval

B．failure

C．absence

D．independence

4.

A．uncertain

B．practical

C．impossible

D．vague

5.

A．promotes

B．prevents

C．simplifies

D．increases

6.

A．challenge

B．inspiration

C．promise

D．addiction

7.

A．recognize

B．abandon

C．decrease

D．define

8.

A．avoid

B．encourage

C．decline

D．punish

9.

A．pressured

B．respected

C．delighted

D．regretted

10.

A．catch sight of

B．stay away from

C．make fun of

D．keep up with

11.

A．competitions

B．interaction

C．academics

D．adaptation

12.

A．knowledge

B．interest

C．assistance

D．influence

13.

A．abstract

B．ridiculous

C．subtle

D．reasonable

14.

A．consciousness

B．motivation

C．instinct

D．encouragement

15.

A．motivation

B．danger

C．support

D．achievement