1 . On a Sunny Saturday, Alyson Machigua, three, screamed with laughter as she and her mother, Marlen, played a game in the front yard of their home. Suddenly, tiny Alyson
The neighbour Luz Jimenez, 26, was preparing dinner in her kitchen and
“Alyson fell into the hole!” Marlen cried to Luz. Then Luz heard Alyson’s cries from deep underground. Luz ran inside her own
“Get out of there,” Perkins told Luz, raising her up by the
As they waited for help in the two feet of dark water, Luz prayed that there were no snakes swimming at her feet. She
Just minutes later, the Hacketts-town Fire Department and Hacketts-town Rescue Team arrived and lowered a
| A．depended on | B．wondered at | C．moved into | D．left behind |
| A．visible | B．dark | C．deep | D．regular |
| A．announced | B．guessed | C．forgot | D．reported |
| A．exercising | B．joking | C．wandering | D．sobbing |
| A．house | B．bank | C．bookstore | D．kindergarten |
| A．filling | B．covering | C．widening | D．narrowing |
| A．table | B．feet | C．chair | D．waist |
| A．ears | B．arms | C．noses | D．eyes |
| A．die | B．cry | C．lose | D．arrive |
| A．another | B．him | C．those | D．herself |
| A．requested | B．defended | C．attacked | D．feared |
| A．humorous | B．calm | C．upset | D．busy |
| A．case | B．bag | C．ladder | D．basket |
| A．tearing off | B．pulling on | C．cutting out | D．complaining about |
| A．naturally | B．typically | C．originally | D．incredibly |
2 . A four-year-old dog named Kob became a hero in its neighborhood by discovering a possibly life-threatening gas leak (泄漏) in its owner’s front yard.
This dog’s actions not only
The story began when Kob,
After
Finding gas coming out of the hole, Bell
“If it wasn’t found, the
During the repairs, workers
Throughout the repairs, the workers
| A．matched | B．beautified | C．saved | D．explored |
| A．admitted | B．owned | C．trained | D．cured |
| A．behavior | B．effort | C．appearance | D．responsibility |
| A．disappointed | B．encouraged | C．confident | D．concerned |
| A．fearing | B．avoiding | C．recording | D．experiencing |
| A．bought | B．repaired | C．shared | D．researched |
| A．decorate | B．mark | C．fill | D．examine |
| A．secretly | B．obviously | C．immediately | D．regularly |
| A．oil | B．gas | C．air | D．water |
| A．serious | B．extra | C．special | D．similar |
| A．injury | B．trouble | C．death | D．failure |
| A．looking into | B．turning on | C．fixing up | D．breaking down |
| A．missed | B．changed | C．doubted | D．discovered |
| A．services | B．design | C．equipment | D．places |
| A．praised | B．inspired | C．held | D．protected |
3 . The good news is that more people bought electric vehicles (EVs) in 2020. The bad news is that sport utility (多用途的) vehicles (SUVs) continued to grow in popularity, too. “The fall in oil consumption due to the first trend was completely canceled out by the second,” said Laura Cozzi, an officer at the International Energy Agency (JEA).
Between 2010 and 2020, global carbon dioxide emissions (排放) from conventional cars fell by nearly 35 billion tons, due to reasons such as fuel efficiency improvements as well as the switch to electric cars. Emissions from SUVs rose by more than 50 billion tons. “While the growth in EVs is encouraging, the boom in SUVs is heart-breaking,” says Peters at the Cicero Climate Research Centre in Norway.
There are many reasons for the growing popularity of SUVs. For example, rising economic boom in many countries means more people are able to afford them. Some people see them as status symbols. Also, SUVs are heavily advertised by car-makers, whose profit is higher on these vehicles. Some countries, including France, have introduced plans under which more taxes are paid on heavier cars. But Peters thinks that people who are rich enough to afford SUVs won’t be deterred by slightly higher taxes. “There are now some electric SUVs available, but I hope one day you will see more electric vehicles brought to the SUV market,” says Peters.
Even if it happens, switching to electric SUVs isn’t a good solution. Due to their size and bigger batteries, it takes more resources to build electric SUVs, and they consume around 15 percent more electricity. That means higher emissions unless the electricity comes entirely from renewable sources, and higher electricity demand makes it harder to green the electricity supply.
1. What can we infer from Paragraph 2?| A．Scientists should devote themselves to improving fuel efficiency. |
| B．The popularity of SUVs destroys some efforts to protect the environment. |
| C．Electric vehicles will certainly take the place of sport utility vehicles. |
| D．The emission of carbon dioxide of motor vehicles has hit a new low. |
| A．Encouraged. | B．Removed. |
| C．Discouraged | D．Connected. |
| A．SUVs are discounted heavily. |
| B．SUVs consume fewer resources than other vehicles. |
| C．SUVs are often advertised by car producers. |
| D．SUVs are taxed at a lower rate in some countries. |
| A．More electric SUVs don’t necessarily mean “environment-friendly” . |
| B．The electric SUVs are a good guarantee for less pollution. |
| C．The electric SUVs should be made smaller and lighter. |
| D．Future electric SUVs will be powered with completely green energy. |
4 . My friend used to teach at a university with a master’s degree. In my country, for
One day while driving along the road, my friend saw the professor was in a(n)
A week later, my friend received a call from the professor, and was
I love how my friend did this
| A．ability | B．popularity | C．career | D．credit |
| A．in favor of | B．in charge of | C．in aid of | D．in need of |
| A．spare | B．ordinary | C．typical | D．fancy |
| A．dilemma | B．emergency | C．accident | D．race |
| A．waited | B．judged | C．followed | D．approached |
| A．Fortunately | B．Honestly | C．Naturally | D．Exactly |
| A．scared | B．serious | C．nervous | D．upset |
| A．discuss | B．reason | C．talk | D．quarrel |
| A．signed up | B．bent over | C．stepped in | D．held back |
| A．assistance | B．company | C．arrangement | D．rescue |
| A．blame | B．action | C．care | D．responsibility |
| A．satisfied | B．amazed | C．moved | D．concerned |
| A．reminded | B．informed | C．promised | D．rejected |
| A．lesson | B．act | C．job | D．game |
| A．packed | B．inspired | C．taught | D．repaid |
5 . New research from Barclays Life Skills found that 70% of the British noticed language changes at work over the last five years. Gen Z, people aged 18-24, appears to be leading the change. “Our research shows that the next generation are clearly going to make their mark on the workforce when it comes to how we communicate,” said Kirstie Mackey, head of Barclays Life Skills.
“Yours truly”, “Yours sincerely”, and “To whom it may concern” were the three phrases mostly likely to disappear from the workplace within the next ten years. “Compliments” and “Respects” at the end of an email were the fourth and fifth most likely to go extinct. While these phrases are behind the times in the eyes of the British, “thanks!” and “thanks so much” were found to be increasingly popular, with 46% and 50% of respondents (受访者) saying these were friendly responses.
Other more informal phrases, however, were considered to be more divisive — simply going with the short form for thank you, “ta!” was considered over-familiar by 29% of respondents, but friendly by 23%. And “hiya” was viewed as friendly by 42%, but as over-familiar by 26%.
The survey shows 49% of Gen Z often use immediate messaging platforms at work, but just 27% of those aged over 55 do so. That age group still prefers email, saying this method feels more professional.
Language expert Laura Bailey says the change toward a more informal way goes hand in hand with the appearance of workplace messaging platforms. “The generational differences can be explained by broader changes in what different age groups were familiar with,” Bailey said.
While traditional letter-writing styles translate into any form of written communication for older workers, younger ones have been influenced by changing language styles that spread quickly through social media, Bailey added.
Barclays Life Skills’ Mackey said that given office-proper language was changing, there were a few things to remember. Avoiding over-familiarity with co-workers and making sure your tone (语气) is considered as friendly were two of them, she said. Another important consideration was whether a short message or email would be enough to express what you want to say, and thinking about which choice the email receiver would favor, Mackey suggested.
1. What did the new research find about Gen Z?| A．They prefer formal language in the workplace. |
| B．They show less interest in new style of communication. |
| C．They place higher importance on direct communication. |
| D．They drive the changes in communication styles at work. |
| A．They’re extinct. | B．They’re friendly. |
| C．They’re over-familiar. | D．They’re old-fashioned. |
| A．They may replace emails soon. | B．They make office language informal. |
| C．They are more convenient than emails. | D．They are destroying the English language. |
| A．Use formal and proper language. |
| B．Consider the message receiver’s preference. |
| C．Keep their distance from senior co-workers. |
| D．Avoid sending short emails to familiar people. |
6 . Recent research demonstrates the harmful mental health effects caused by social media use, including increased rates of depression, anxiety, suicidal tendency and self-harm. Adolescents (青少年) who spend more than three hours per day on social media face twice the risk of poor mental health outcomes.
Addictive feeds — designed to make use of personal data to intensify (增强) users’ content that will keep them on the platform for as long as possible — have dramatically heightened the risk to young users’ well-being and made our children addicted to these social media outlets.
In the first seven years after addictive feeds were introduced, suicide rates for 10- to 14-year-old girls doubled and hospitalizations for suicidal tendency and attempts increased nearly twice for all adolescents.
Instead of responding to the problem, social media empires have made great efforts to keep and capture user engagement, and the consequences have been catastrophic.
Beyond the direct harm of social media addiction, the collection of children’s data by these giant companies puts our kids at huge risk, leaving them vulnerable (易受伤的) to having their location and other personal data tracked, shared and sold online. As a consequence, that data is at greater risk of falling into the wrong hands-including human traffickers, identity thieves and others who might prey (欺凌) on young people.
We will not stand by and watch an arms race among social media mega-corporations (大型企业) over who can best profit from our children’s pain and addiction. That is why we should use and are using every tool at our disposal to fight back against these damaging practices: from the courthouse to the statehouse.
1. What can we learn about addictive feeds?| A．They are food that can easily satisfy people. |
| B．They are internet content that can get people addicted. |
| C．They are kept on the platform just for a short period of time. |
| D．They are personal data stored on the internet for convenience. |
| A．destructive | B．striking | C．unique | D．effective |
| A．To introduce a research finding. |
| B．To explain the harms caused by addictive feeds. |
| C．To blame irresponsible social media mega-corporations. |
| D．To call on people to protect children against social media harms. |
| A．Mental Health Is Safe for Children |
| B．Teens Should Be kept Away from Internet |
| C．Addictive Feeds Heighten Great Risks to Teens |
| D．Social Media Empires Are to Blame for Children’s Safety |
According to a recent survey, violence (暴力) did happen in schools. Students showed their fear and parents and teachers were also
The topic of school violence is
If I meet with school violence, I will not answer violence with violence, for it will lead
All in all, we students should be responsible for
1. What did the woman do with the thief?
| A．She pretended not to see him. | B． She fought with him. | C．She did as he asked. |
| A．A necklace. | B．Some money. | C．Nothing. |
| A．Fit a home alarm system. | B．Call the police. | C．Keep a dog. |
| A．She is puzzled. | B．She is brave. | C．She is frightened. |
9 . Open data-sharers are still in the minority in many fields. Although many researchers broadly agree that public access to raw data would accelerate science, most are reluctant to post the results of their own labours online.
Some communities have agreed to share online - geneticists, for example, post DNA sequences at the GenBank repository (库), and astronomers are accustomed to accessing images of galaxies and stars from, say, the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, a telescope that has observed some 500 million objects- but these remain the exception, not the rule. Historically, scientists have objected to sharing for many reasons: it is a lot of work; until recently, good databases did not exist; grant funders were not pushing for sharing; it has been difficult to agree on standards for formatting data and there is no agreed way to assign credit for data.
But the barriers are disappearing in part because journals and funding agencies worldwide are encouraging scientists to make their data public. Last year, the Roval Society in London said in its report Science as an Open Enterprise that scientists need to shift away from a research culture where data is viewed as private preserve. Funding agencies note that data paid for with public money should be public information, and the scientific community is recognizing that data can now be shared digitally in ways that were not possible before. To match the growing demand, services are springing up to make it easier to publish research products online and enable other researchers to discover and cite them.
Although calls to share data often concentrate on the moral advantages of sharing, the practice is not purely altruistic (利他主义的). Researchers who share get plenty of personal benefits, including more connections with colleagues, improved visibility and increased citations. I he most successful sharers-those whose data are downloaded and cited the most often-get noticed, and their work gets used. For example, one of the most popular data sets on multidisciplinary repository Dryad is about wood density around the world; it has been downloaded 5, 700 times. Co-author Amy Zanne thinks that users probably range from climate- change researchers wanting to estimate how much carbon is stored in biomass, to foresters looking for information on different grades of timber. “I would much prefer to have my data used by the maximum number of people to ask their own questions, ” she says. “It’s important to allow readers and reviewers to see exactly how you arrive at your results. Publishing data and code allows your science to be reproducible”
Even people whose data are less popular can benefit. By making the effort to organize and label files so others can understand them, scientists become more organized and better disciplined themselves, thus avoiding confusion later on.
1. What do many researchers generally accept?| A．It is necessary to protect scientists’ patents. |
| B．Repositories are essential to scientific research. |
| C．Open data sharing promotes scientific advancement. |
| D．Open data sharing is most important to medical science. |
| A．The fear of massive copying. |
| B．The belief that data is private intellectual property. |
| C．The lack of a research culture. |
| D．The concern that certain agencies may make a profit out of it. |
| A．The ever-growing demand for big data. |
| B．The changing attitude of journals and funders. |
| C．The advantage of digital technology. |
| D．The trend of social and economic development. |
| A．is becoming increasingly popular | B．benefits shares and users alike |
| C．makes researchers successful | D．saves both money and labor |
Does the Internet help or harm friendships? Different people have different opinions. Robert thinks talking online is no replacement for face⁃to⁃face contact. Communicating through a screen makes
But Cathy holds the opposite opinion. She thinks the Internet makes communication more
