1 . One recent report found that adults in the US check their phones, on average, 344 times a day — once every four minutes — and spend almost three hours a day on their devices in total. The problem for many of us is that one quick phone-related task leads to a quick check of our email or social media feeds, and suddenly we’ve been sucked into endless scrolling (滚屏).
It’s a vicious circle. The more useful our phones become, the more we use them. The more we use them, the more we lay neural pathways in our brains that lead to picking up our phones for whatever task is at hand — and the more we feel an urge to check our phone even when we don’t have to.
What we do know is that the simple distraction of checking a phone or seeing a notification can have negative consequences. This isn’t very surprising; we know that, in general, multitasking harms memory and performance. One of the most dangerous examples is phone use while driving.
In another recent study, researchers asked participants to either put their phones next to them so they were visible (like on a desk), nearby and out of sight (like in a bag or pocket), or in another room. Participants then completed a series of tasks to test their abilities to process and remember information, their problem-solving, and their focus. They were found to perform far better when their phones were in another room instead of nearby — whether visible, powered on or not. That held true even though most of the participants claimed not to be consciously (有意识地) thinking about their devices.
The mere proximity (靠近) of a phone, it seems, contributes to “brain drain”. Our brains may be subconsciously hard at work in controlling the desire to check our phones, or constantly monitoring the environment to see if we should check our phone (eg, waiting for a notification). Either way, this diverted attention can make doing anything else more difficult. The only “fix”, the researchers found, was putting the device in a different room entirely.
1. How does the author bring up the topic of the text?| A．By offering a piece of news. | B．By sharing a magazine article. |
| C．By describing his own experience. | D．By citing previous research findings. |
| A．Full. | B．Magic. | C．Tight. | D．Bad. |
| A．Never wait for a notification. |
| B．Use our phone as little as possible. |
| C．Stay away from our phone when doing things. |
| D．Focus on one thing when finishing difficult things. |
| A．The Pros and Cons of Using Mobile Phones |
| B．How Have Mobile Phones Changed Our Brains Negatively? |
| C．The Consequences of Using Mobile Phones |
| D．Do You Want to Control the Desire to Check Your Mobile Phones? |
2 . In the past few decades, there has been a sharp increase in the number of people studying abroad. Although studying abroad can bring great benefits, I still take the view that the disadvantages for young people are greater.
To begin with, many students who study abroad face great economic pressure. That means studying abroad is just not possible for everyone. We should not ignore the fact that there are still many families who live from hand to mouth. Tuition fees and living expenses are much more expensive than at home and could end up costing most families an arm and a leg. Studying in China is much more convenient and can help save much money.
Another important factor which should be taken into consideration is the great pressure that comes with studying abroad. Students must learn how to live in an unfamiliar environment with limited language skills. Some may struggle and suffer from culture shock when learning how to behave in new surroundings. Being too young to live independently, other students are not mature enough to handle the challenges by themselves and may become depressed. Some students might even encounter problems with personal safety mainly in America where racism prevails(盛行). In addition, different approaches to teaching and learning may come as a shock to many students.
A final point to consider is that while studying abroad does have potential benefits, young people who study in China also have a great future to look forward to. As China has boomed, the educational environment has improved obviously, with many great universities now available. They have great facilities and outstanding professors, helping to educate young people who will contribute to the economy and further strengthen our country. Most importantly, it has been widely recognized that China has become the safest country in the world to resist COVID-2019.
To sum up, one cannot deny the fact that studying abroad has its unavoidable disadvantages, so when you think about studying abroad, you should consider these many real factors.
1. What’s the author’s attitude towards studying abroad on the whole?| A．He or She doesn’t care. | B．He or She is for it. |
| C．He or She is against it. | D．We can’t judge his or her attitude. |
| A．Live a happy life. | B．Live a sad life. |
| C．Live a poor life. | D．Live a busy life. |
| A．All students will suffer from culture shock when they are in new surroundings. |
| B．Some students may become depressed when they’re too young to handle challenges. |
| C．There exists racism in America |
| D．Foreign approaches to teaching and learning may come as a shock to many students. |
| A．Studying in China is also a good choice now. |
| B．Studying in China is the impossible choice. |
| C．China should have many great universities. |
| D．Students should contribute to economy. |
3 . If you're a runner who secretly hates running, here's some good news: settling into a leisurely jog rather than an all-out run may actually be better for your health in the long term.
A team from Denmark followed over 5,000 people taking part in the Copenhagen City Heart Study, and tracked whether they were non-joggers or joggers who kept a slow, moderate, or fast pace. The participants' health was tracked over the next 12 years, and so was their mortality (死亡率): 28 of the joggers and 128 of the non-joggers died.
The connection was this: Joggers of mild and moderate intensity had a lower risk of death than the fast joggers. In fact, the lowest mortality risk was that of the mild intensity joggers. The fast-paced joggers had about the same mortality rate as sedentary (久坐的) people. This suggests that there may be an upper limit to hard exercise, after which the benefits fall off.
"The U-shaped association between jogging and mortality suggests there may be an upper limit for exercise amount that is best for health benefits," said study author Peter Schnohr. "Anything more is not just unnecessary: it may be harmful." From the current study, jogging just three times per week, for less than 2.5 hours/week was associated with the lowest overall mortality risk.
There've been a lot of mixed messages about the "right" amount of exercise and what intensity is best. The World Health Organization has suggested that the current 150 minutes/week recommendations are strenuous for most people to tackle, and that expectations should be lowered, since, after all, anything is better than nothing. Everyone probably has a level of activity that feels best to him or her. But at least the growing consensus seems to be that more-if you're pushing yourself very hard-is not necessarily better. And it may even be worse.
1. What was the study designed to find out?| A．The advantages of jogging over running. |
| B．The common causes of death from exercise. |
| C．The difference between non-joggers and joggers. |
| D．The relation between exercise amount and health. |
| A．Those fast-paced joggers. |
| B．Those slow-paced joggers. |
| C．Those jogging 150 minutes per week. |
| D．Those jogging just three times per week. |
| A．The early bird catches the worm. |
| B．Wealth is nothing without health. |
| C．To go beyond is as wrong as to fall short. |
| D．Enough exercise brings about happiness. |
| A．Intense. | B．Wide-ranging. | C．Necessary. | D．Far-reaching. |
4 . This is the best time and this is the worst time；this is the time of great material richness and this is the time of desert of the soul. Everyone seems to be rushing around for something but they have never fulfilled their dreams. Everyone tries to seek happiness but it seems to be nowhere to be found.
When asked "What on earth can make you happy？"，most modern men would give similar replies such as becoming extremely wealthy，or getting promoted in work and then becoming very wealthy. When asked "What will you do with your wealth？"，they would make a long list of things they have been longing for. However，haven't you noticed the multimillionaires are not as happy as we common guys suppose them to be？Haven't you noticed that the multimillionaire celebrities（名人）don't even enjoy the fundamental freedom of going shopping with their own families without being followed by annoying paparazzi？
If we focus our happiness on such big issues，we are bound to be unhappy all through our life，because those big issues might just occur to us once in a blue moon.
As Socrates（苏格拉底）once put it，"He is the richest man who is content with the least，for content is the wealth of nature. "But how can we" be content with the least"？If you pay due attention，you will find our life is loaded with little joys，sometimes too little to be noticeable. Stop once in a while in your rush to your destination，look around and you will see that there are always little things worth cheering for. You got an "A" in a test. Good！You listened to all inspiring lectures. Great！You offered a helping hand to someone who had a flat tire. Amazing！Your dream girl or boy greeted you with a sweet smile. Fantastic！Let's cheer for the little joys in life！Please keep in mind that never should we wait to be happy！
1. What is the best title of the passage？| A．Money Means Happiness |
| B．Happiness Is All Around Us |
| C．Dreams Make Our Life Rich |
| D．Satisfaction Is Unacceptable |
| A．Rarely. | B．Regularly. |
| C．Normally. | D．Frequently. |
| A．greedy | B．ambitious |
| C．optimistic | D．reliable |
| A．set up great goals in life |
| B．make full use of opportunities |
| C．enjoy every moment in life |
| D．seek significant issues in life |
5 . “Fast fashion” means clothes that are inexpensive but look like the latest designs. One reason for the success of fast fashion is social networking. A report by the investment research firm Bernstein found that millennials — people born in the 1980s and 90s — wanted to wear a variety of clothes in the photos they posted on Facebook, Instagram and Twitter. As a result, many businesses that offer trend, low - cost clothes are growing.
But the situation is changing now. Maxine Bedat, a woman who is in her early 30s, looks in her closet full of clothes, but she has nothing to wear. She says she hates always shopping for what is in style . Instead, she says, she wants to buy fewer clothes that she can wear over and over. Other people want the same thing, she says.
So Ms. Bedat and a business partner, Soraya Darabi, started a “slow fashion” clothing company calltd Zady. “Slow fashion” means clothes that last a long time. They are often classic colors and shapes, and are made from natural materials that are biodegradable (可生物降解的) over time.
The terms “fast fashion” and “slow fashion” are related to “fast food” and “slow food: fast food is still popular in the US, but many restaurants increasingly offer higher - quality, more expensive and relaxed meals.
Like slow food, slow fashion also aims to use sources that are good for the environment and workers. Maxine Bedat says people in her generation want to know where their clothes come from and who is making them. To answer millennials’demand for information about the products they buy, Ms. Bedat’s company, Zady, includes details about the history of the brands. It also describes the process in which the clothes are made. Ms Bedat says Zady aims to tell shoppers where their clothes come from, where they go, and how they impact the world.
1. What can we know about millennials from Paragraph 1?| A．They tend to buy clothes with lower price. |
| B．They all like to share photos on the Internet. |
| C．They spend money in buying the latest designs |
| D．They show their interests in wearing different clothes. |
| A．She has nothing to wear. |
| B．She likes the classic clothes. |
| C．She longs for “slow fashion” clothes. |
| D．She prefers clothes with natural materials. |
| A．be high - quality and expensive |
| B．be friendly to the environment |
| C．tell the shoppers the history of the brands |
| D．describe the process of making the clothes |
| A．How “fast fashion” becomes popular. |
| B．“Slow fashion” is becoming popular now. |
| C．Many businesses are selling trendy and cheap clothes. |
| D．The differences between “fast fashion” and “slow fashion”. |
6 . A new report says plastics are responsible for $13 billion in damage to the oceans and the undersea environment. The findings were announced recently at a United Nations conference.
Plastic thrown away carelessly makes its way into rivers and other waterways.
The report also calls on companies to improve methods for using plastics.
| A．Then, fish may eat the plastics. |
| B．But people can make a big difference. |
| C．Plastics should be gathered together and reused. |
| D．It is convenient to use plastic bags in everyday life. |
| E．It asks for them to better measure and control plastic use. |
| F．The plastic eventually reaches coastal areas and ocean waters. |
| G．The report tells about harm to sea life and what might be done to improve the situation. |
