1.你对用金钱鼓励孩子学习的看法；
2.你的父母(或其他亲人)是如何鼓励你学习的；
3.你认为怎样才能更好地鼓励孩子学习。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
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We study at a board school (寄宿学校) and can’t go out without permission. Days seem too long and sometimes we miss our parents. Most of us are looking forward to weekends, expecting to go back home.
One Friday afternoon, it was time for us to go home to see our parents. You can imagine how excited we were when we finished all the classes. Everyone rushed to the school gate.
There were black clouds above and it was going to rain, but the bus didn’t come. Some of us became annoyed. With several thunders rumbling, it was pouring within seconds.
Therefore, many students ran towards the bus stop near the school gate, waiting under the roof, some patient, while some upset, because the heavy rain messed up their precious day.
“The bus is coming!” someone shouted excitedly. Most students were filled with joy when hearing the words. They couldn’t wait to get on the bus. The bus stop was in chaos immediately.
“Be quick to get a seat, ” two girls standing next to me talked anxiously.
All the students folded their umbrellas and ran towards the bus.
“Ouch!” someone shouted.
The crowd was wondering where the cry came from. Anxious and concerned, a tall boy made it clear that a girl was hurt in the eye by an umbrella. Some students advised she should be taken to the nearest hospital at once.
注 意 ：
1.续写词数为120词左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
One student headed for the driver and told him what had happened.
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When the bus arrived at the hospital, the injured girl was helped to get off.
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Radio is for sounds: the sounds of different kinds of music, of announcers reading the news, of sports, and of conversation. These are all sounds we are used to hearing. But in the UK, a new kind of radio programme has been launched, known as “slow radio”. This kind of programme consists of different sounds from the ones we usually hear on radio shows.
On slow radio, listeners can hear the sound of singing birds, cows being brought in from the fields, and the sound of a slow walk through the German countryside.
Some people might find the idea of such sounds boring. These sounds, they might say, are meaningless and unimportant. But, unexpectedly, slow radio has taken off. Why?
If slow radio has an audience, perhaps it’s because it provides an alternative to our fast, event-filled lives. That is what Alan Davey, the head of the slow radio programme, thinks. Slow radio, according to its official description, is “an antidote(解毒剂)to today’s frenzied(狂乱的)world”. In such a world, we’re so busy that we fail to notice the things around us. Listening to slow radio can remind us of the sounds around us that we often filter out.
Slow radio doesn’t just broadcast the sounds of nature and the countryside; some of the sounds are more unusual. The programme makers are also interested in sounds that have already died out and which we hear only in our memory. Examples of such sounds are the noises made by old computers or old-fashioned video games, or the sound made by old telephones. These sounds can take a listener back to times of his life that are long gone.
So, this is the magic of radio and of these “meaningless” sounds. They permit the audience to move out of their lives for a while. A busy office worker in noisy London can be transported to the Irish countryside, and they can even “time-travel” with slow radio’s reminders of sounds from the past.
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内容包括：
1.有些同学支持及理由；
2.有些同学反对及理由；
3.你的观点。
注意：
1.词数100左右；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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注意：
1．词数80左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
注意:
1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。
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Some nations think they must have more and more babies, more and more people, if they are to remain strong and free.
Actually, this is not so. Very often in history, small nations have conquered large ones. It's not so much the size of the army as its organization and the technical level of its weapons. Thus, Greece took over Persia in the 300s BC, Great Britain took over India in the 1700s, even though Persia and India had far bigger population than Greece and Great Britain.
If a nation wishes to avoid being dominated by its neighbours, its best chance is to raise its standard of living and its level of technology. This can be done best by not allowing its population to grow to such a point that it is sunk in misery and poverty. In fact, the worst way in which a nation can try to avoid being dominated by its neighbour is to increase its population to the point of misery and poverty.
If every nation tries to compete with its neighbours by raising its population, then the whole world will be sunk in misery and poverty. The nations will become weak in a disaster that will leave nothing behind that is worth dominating. No one will have gained anything. Everyone will have lost everything.
Once all this is understood, and people generally agree that population growth must not be allowed to continue; they must also come to understand how that growth can be stopped. Population grows because more people are being born than are dying. There are two ways, then, in which the growth can be stopped. You can increase the number of people who die until it matches the number of people who are being born. Or else you can decrease the number of people who are born until it matches the number of people who are dying. The first method-increasing the death rate-is the usual way in which population is controlled in all species of living things other than ourselves, but we don't want that, for disaster lies that way. The intelligent way is to reduce the birth rate.
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8 . Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s)of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Limitations of E-readers for Kids
A sizeable number of young kids will be getting e-readers this Christmas. Though some adults are avoiding them for their children even while they embrace (欣然接受) them for themselves, the appeal to parents is strong, especially when marketers pitch the devices as on-ramps to literacy.
What today’s gift-givers may not know is that the devices can unintentionally cause parents to hamper their child’s learning. This phenomenon first turned up a few years ago in research at Temple University on e-books for preschool and elementary school children. Instead of talking with their children about the content of the books, parents ended up saying time and again “do this, don’t do that” directives about how to use the devices. “Parents would put their hands over the kids’ hands,” said Julia Parish-Morris, the leader of the study at the University of Pennsylvania. “They were trying to control their children’s behavior to get them to move through the story in order of time,” she explained.
A more recent study, led by Gabrielle Strouse at Vanderbilt University, also shows how much it matters what parents say and do while their children watch. Strouse asked parents of 3-year-olds to watch scholastic books on video over several weeks, assigning the parents to “co-view” in different ways. She found that the children with mothers who merely pointed to something on screen or who didn’t talk at all showed fewer reading skills than those whose mothers were trained to ask questions about what might happen next and why. Strouse said it appeared that parents had to be trained on how to ask questions and prompt their children to talk about the video story, as it didn’t come naturally with the electronic version.
That conversational interaction, dubbed “dialogic reading” by Grover Whitehurst, director of education policy at the Brookings Institution, can be critical to learning. “The optimal situation is the back-and-forth interaction,” said Warren Buckleitner, an educational psychologist and editor of Children’s Technology Review, who led me to many YouTube videos of toddlers with their iPad-proud papas directing their every move. Several decades ago at Michigan State University, Buckleitner conducted studies on 3-to 5-year olds playing matching games on computers. His research showed that it’s not just commands from parents that can interfere with children’s engagement. Too many directives from software programs can have the same effect, ultimately shortchanging children’s learning. The best kids’ e-media, Buckleitner says, “lets children understand they are in the driver’s seat.” Which may be another limitation of e-readers for kids-sometimes it’s hard for parents to just hand over the keys when what they’re steering comes with electronic bells and whistles.
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Taking a year off before college, commonly known as a gap year, is becoming more and more popular among American teenagers. According to a survey by the American Gap Association, enrollment (注册) in these programs grew 27 percent between 2012 and 2013. Some students use the year off to figure out what they want to do, travel the world, or save money for college.
Camden Olson, who graduated from Latin School of Chicago in the US last year, decided to spend a gap year raising a guide dog for Guiding Eyes for the Blind in Maine. Olson is using her time to pursue a passion she’s had since 7th grade. For years, she kept an eye on guide dog services until she came across the opportunity at Guiding Eyes. With support from her friends, family and teachers, Olson went for it.
Olson’s volunteer work centers around Derby, a 1-year-old black dog. “My job is to raise him to be well-mannered and socialized,” she said. “Guide dogs have to ignore any distractions (让人分心的事物). They go everywhere with their visually impaired handler. They give a blind person a lot of independence and emotional support, too.”
Of course, there’s an end in sight for Derby and Olson’s close bond. When Derby celebrates his own graduation, Olson will have to say goodbye to him.
“No doubt there will be tears, but, assuming he passes, I will be so happy for him to become a working dog,” she said.
While some look at gap years in a negative light, Olson said she’s seen major success. In fact, she’ll be attending Princeton University this fall and is thinking about majoring in ecology and biology.
“I think I’m already so much more mature than I was and aware of what really matters,” she said. “So many kids do come back from gap years a lot more focused and prepared.”
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Kuakuaqun, social media chat groups that people pay a little money to join and are paid to show kindness, support and comfort to others in the group, have become popular with young people. Users can now join a chat group on WeChat or QQ, where they are showered with praise and encouragement — for a price. On ecommerce sites like Taobao, membership in WeChat or QQ groups starts at 50 yuan for five minutes of compliments (表扬). Once you purchase a round of compliments on Taobao, the seller will contact you with an invitation to a group on WeChat. There, you will be praised from various people.
Zhang Youde is the Dean of the social management school at Shanghai University of political science and law. He thinks this phenomenon is a direct result of the information era when young people tend to express their personal feelings on the Internet to those they don’t know. He also believes it has something to do with the traditional Chinese way of parenting that parents tend to withhold praises and encouragement. In China, when children do something wrong, parents usually criticize or even beat them because they think only in this way can children correct their improper behaviors. However, when children behave well, parents seldom praise them for fear that they may become too proud.
Deng Jianguo, associate professor of communication at Fudan University in Shanghai assumes the reason lies behind the highstress work and study environment faced by young people. To some extent, he said, it creates a positive and friendly environment for people to create an outlet for stress relief. Just simple words of encouragement in their lives can help them struggle to see through another day.
But the experts warn participants to keep a clear understanding about themselves despite the compliments from the strangers. Otherwise, they will fall into confusion and get lost. Many people go through each day reacting to events and just getting by rather than making conscious choices based on who they are. Therefore, it’s hard to set goals, get motivated and determine the best course of action.
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