1 . On July 10, 1980, I was aboard an old destroyer (驱逐舰), sailing from Singapore to the Philippines. The day was grey with threatening clouds. There was a typhoon
Suddenly, the lookout
We got close to the boat and sent out the whaleboat with a small crew to
We
During those hours after the
A.blocking | B.passing | C.heading | D.sweeping |
A.spotted | B.recognized | C.got | D.confirmed |
A.vast | B.narrow | C.remote | D.dangerous |
A.comfort | B.guidance | C.convenience | D.assistance |
A.turned around | B.came alive | C.broke down | D.pulled out |
A.complaining | B.concerning | C.quarreling | D.setting |
A.mercifully | B.angrily | C.casually | D.nervously |
A.check | B.carry | C.knock | D.help |
A.equipped | B.surrounded | C.crowded | D.occupied |
A.secured | B.refreshed | C.disturbed | D.prepared |
A.spare | B.sew | C.change | D.wear |
A.accidentally | B.secretly | C.naturally | D.finally |
A.covered | B.reflected | C.predicted | D.produced |
A.recovered | B.motivated | C.settled | D.appreciated |
A.support | B.permission | C.treatment | D.favor |
A.typhoon | B.rescue | C.search | D.adventure |
A.patience | B.attitude | C.speech | D.attention |
A.engineer | B.captain | C.crew | D.lookout |
A.tiring | B.cold | C.warm | D.clear |
A.apart from | B.in spite of | C.by means of | D.instead of |
2 . Millennials (千禧一代) may have been the first generation to come of age online, but their Gen Z successors (接替者) have truly grown up with it — and hardly ever log off.
A 2018 Pew Research Center survey found that 95 percent of teenagers have access to a smart phone; 45 percent say they use the Internet almost constantly. For many of them, social media has been a space for self-expression, entertainment and connection.
But as social media use has risen among teenagers, so have rates of depression, and anxiety. Though it is not a direct relationship, there is evidence that some platforms have worsened young people’s meatal health issues; for instance, research documents from social media showed that Instagram worsened body-image issues for one in three teenage girls.
A March 2022 study published in the scientific journal Nature found that the relationship between social media use and mental health varied by age, but that there were two windows where social media use was more likely to have a negative effect on the well-being of adolescents: at the start of puberty (青春期) and again around age 19.
Emma Lembke, a 19-year-old student at Washington University in St. Louis, experienced those negative efts firsthand. That’s why she started the Log Off Movement in June 2020. The project aims to encourage dialogue among young people who are feeling the negative effects of social media and want to adjust their relationship to it. In a phone interview, Ms. Lembke spoke about the movement she started, the upsides and downsides of social media, and how she has worked to loosen its hold on her well-being.
1. What can be inferred about the survey?A.Social media lessen body-image anxiety. |
B.Social media have become a trend to teenagers. |
C.95 percent of adults have their own smart phones. |
D.One third of teenagers use the Internet frequently. |
A.A 5-year-old child. | B.A 13-year-old student. |
C.A 26-year-old journalist. | D.A 40-year-old manager. |
A.To draw attention of the public. | B.To share her sorrowful experience. |
C.To inspire interactions among the youth. | D.To recall the ups and downs of social media. |
A.Millennials Are in Need of Further Concern. |
B.Young People Benefit from Modern Science. |
C.Social Media Look like a Double-edged Sword. |
D.A New Student Movement Wants You to Log Off. |
3 . The Chinese fashion icon, qipao, was born a century ago in Shanghai. However, the dress made its way through history from the hands of old craftsmen and is deep-rooted in Chinese culture.
“Qipao used to be so popular,” Leung Long-kong, 89, a well-known qipao craftsman, says, adding that the dress was an everyday outfit among women, from the less well-off to women at the highest levels of society. “Now, nobody is wearing them except on grand and happy occasions.”
To carry on the tradition, fashion designer Mary Yu, 41, who has been attending classes teaching knot button-making techniques, is trying to renew the design of qipao by taking symbols from Chinese history and literature.
“I feel I should look into Chinese culture and learn more about the past. People should have an in-depth understanding of their culture in order to move on,” Yu says. “Fashion design requires a profound knowledge of one’s culture before visualizing it.” “After a period of wearing foreign brands all the time, there will be a day when one looks back to traditional Chinese culture. It is about finding the stuff that exists in your genes and suits you best.”
Yu set up her own qipao brand in 2016. Most of the clothes were made by tailors based in Shenzhen and Hangzhou, for their lower cost and more traditional work.
In the constantly evolving fashion industry, qipao is catching up with the times. Zippers, digital print patterns and new materials such as lace and denim have been introduced to a new generation. More daring ideas like 3D printed qipao have also become a reality. Yu believed that with the help of these new technologies, qipao will find its way back to the daily life of Chinese people in the near future.
1. Why does the author quote Leung Long-kong in Paragraph 2?A.To call on Chinese women to wear qipao in everyday life. |
B.To introduce the development of qipao in China. |
C.To emphasize the importance of qipao in China nowadays. |
D.To show that qipao is no longer as popular as it was. |
A.Creative. | B.Conservative. | C.Cautious. | D.Considerate |
A.passing | B.withdrawing | C.developing | D.following |
A.Qipao is an iconic sign in the fashion industry. |
B.Qipao is on its way back to the daily life of Chinese. |
C.Qipao enjoys a good reputation in the world. |
D.Qipao is seen as a symbol of wealth in modern China. |
4 . Without less public attention, the nation’s egg producers are in the midst of a multibillion-dollar shift to cage-free eggs that is dramatically changing the lives of millions of hens in response to new laws and demands from restaurant chains. In a decade, the percentage of hens in cage-free housing has soared from 4% in 2010 to 28% in 2020, and that figure is expected to more than double to about 70% in the next four years.
The change marks one of the animal welfare movement’s biggest successes after years of battles with the food industry. The transition has cost billions of dollars for producers who initially resisted calls for more humane treatment of chickens but have since fully embraced the new reality.
Beginning in about 2015, many companies such as McDonald’s, Burger King responded to pressure from animal welfare groups by announcing their commitment to cage-free eggs. That was followed by laws requiring cage-free housing in California and similar rules in at least seven other states. Meanwhile, they widely promoted their move to cage-free as good for their brand’s image.
Animal rights groups have made allowing animals room to move a priority in their campaigns but the results have been mixed. The pork industry is fighting to block the California initiative that required more space for breeding pigs, and a state judge recently delayed implementation of new rules.
Looking years into the future, egg company leaders said they think the demand for cheaper eggs from caged hens will remain roughly 25% or more of the market, but Balk at the Humane Society said he expects it to become a tiny percentage of overall sales. Balk notes that hundreds of national retailers, restaurants, grocers and food manufacturers either have implemented cage-free requirements or plan to do so within a few years. “This is the future of every state in America,” he said.
1. What’s Balk’s attitude towards the promotion of cage-free eggs?A.Doubtful. | B.Positive. | C.Objective. | D.Pessimistic. |
A.Accepted. | B.Abandoned. | C.Changed. | D.Adapted. |
A.There have been some laws or rules requiring cage-free housing in some parts of the USA so far. |
B.Egg producers have to deal with the sharp increase in the exact cost of the switch |
C.Animal rights groups have successfully made allowing animals room to move a priority in their campaigns. |
D.Many companies like Mc Donald’s widely promoted their move to cage-free as good for their brand’s image. |
A.Animal well-fare groups’ request will be well achieved |
B.More U.S. Eggs Will Soon Be Cage-Free |
C.Consumers will have to pay more to eat eggs |
D.Egg producers will experience dramatic changes to adapt |
1. 表明你的观点;
2. 阐述所持观点的理由。
注意:1. 词数100左右;
2. 可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
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A.Worried. | B.Positive. | C.Ambiguous. |
7 . Taking photographs at a birthday or a wedding has become as natural as blowing out candles or cutting the cake. But our obsession (痴迷) with recording every detail of our happiest moments could be damaging our ability to remember them, according to a new research. A study has shown that taking pictures rather than concentrating fully on the events in front of us prevents memories taking hold.
Dr. Linda Henkel, from Fairfield University, Connecticut, described it as the “photo-taking impairment effect”. She said: “People so often pull out their cameras almost mindlessly to capture a moment, to the point where they are missing what is happening right in front of them. When people rely on technology to remember for them—counting on the camera to record the event and thus not needing to attend to it fully themselves—it can have a negative impact on how well they remember their experiences.”
Dr. Henkel and her team carried out an experiment in a museum, to learn if taking pictures of the exhibits was hindering(阻碍)the ability of visitors to remember what they had seen.
A group of university students were led on a tour at the Bellarmine Museum of Art at Fairfield University and were asked to either photograph or remember objects on display. The next day their memory was tested. The results showed that people were less accurate in recognizing the objects they had photographed than those they had only looked at. It was found that their memory for the details of the objects they had photographed was poorer.
Henkel’s lab is currently investigating whether the content of a photo, such as whether you are in it, affects later memory. She is also researching whether actively choosing what to photograph might influence what we remember.
Previous research suggests that reviewing photos we have taken does help us remember the objects, but only if we take the time.
“Research has suggested that the sheer volume and lack of organization of digital photos for personal memories discourages many people from accessing and recalling them. In order to remember, we have access and interact with the photos, rather than just collect them,” said Dr. Henkel.
1. What does the word “them” in Paragraph 1 refer to?A.Gifts a birthday. | B.People who go to parties. |
C.Photos taken at a wedding. | D.Details of the happiest moments. |
A.Some unhappy events may weaken the effects of photos. |
B.Taking photographs of objects ruins one’s memory of them. |
C.The effects of photos are strongly affected by bad cameras. |
D.Memories last forever when people take the photos they like most. |
A.A group of high school students were involved. |
B.The memory of participants was tested the following week. |
C.People who just looked at the objects remembered fewer details. |
D.People who photographed objects were worse at recognizing them. |
A.a health magazine | B.a cultural overview |
C.an economics report | D.an entertainment website |
8 . Have you ever tried to wear a historical object? On 13 September, in a Chinese reality show, an inventive participant chose to connect themes from Sanxingdui, an ancient Bronze Age culture from Sichuan Province, with today’s fashion technology. That included using heat transfer printing techniques and modern materials to create six different pieces.
Historic designs are generating interest in China. Over the past year, more people have visited museums online than in real life. And the number of visits to museum design stores on Tmall alone has lopped 1.6 billion. Of these mils, 100 million users were “post 1990s”.
Museum IP, considered to be an intangible cultural asset, is now attracting great interest from China’s younger generation. In 2013, the Forbidden City Museum in Beijing first requested product design ideas from the public for a cultural and creative design competition. The end results included luggage tags, folding fans, and many other products. Its cooperation with Chinese beauty brand Pechoin followed to launch the first lipstick. Even in 2017 the museum earned more than 1 billion RMB through cultural and creative products.
After witnessing the huge commercial potential of cultural and creative products, many other Chinese museums have followed the Forbidden City Museum’s example. In July, Sanxingdui Museum in Sichuan Province removed the cover on Sanxingdui masks, with toy character designs inspired by Sanxingdui cultural relics. Dunhuang Academy launched a Tianlong Babu blind box (a gift box with a random mixture inside) based on its frescoes. The Henan Museum has launched an archaeological blind box complete with mini play drilling tools that consumers must use to access the toys inside.
1. What can we learn about people’s online visits in Paragraph 2?A.More people have visited museums in real life. |
B.People dislike to buy historic designs in museums. |
C.The number of visits to museums online has topped to 1.6 billion. |
D.100 million Tmall users of “post 1990s” have visited museum design stores. |
A.By using quotes. | B.By giving examples. |
C.By giving definitions. | D.By making comparisons. |
A.The Forbidden City Museum. | B.Sanxingdui Museum. |
C.Dunhuang Academy. | D.The Henan Museum. |
A.The Forbidden City Museum is popular with more and more young people. |
B.The Forbidden City Museum cooperated with Chinese beauty brand Pechoin. |
C.The Forbidden City Museum requested product design ideas from the public. |
D.The Forbidden City Museum has achieved economic success in cultural products. |
9 . “Boreout (闷爆) is different from burnout (精疲力竭) in the sense that bored-out employees rarely break down with exhaustion. Bored-out people may be present physically but not in spirit, and people can keep doing this for a good while,” says Harju, who has studied boreout for years.
Workers who realize they’re experiencing boreout may also be unwilling to flag it up as an issue to line managers or human resources. “While the behaviors that feed into burnout — overwork, drive — are appreciated and rewarded by employers, boreout reflects a lack of interest, a lack of motivation,” says Harju. “These are things that are avoided in organizations.”
There are some quick fixes, like taking on work tasks that are more interesting to you. But a 2016 study Harju and her colleagues worked on showed that people who had boreout were less likely to engage in constructive activities like trying to find new, interesting challenges at work.
What happens more often, she says, is that people will just show up at their desks and spend time shopping online, chatting with colleagues or planning other activities. She says that these people aren’t lazy, but are using these behaviours as “coping mechanisms”.
Fahri Ozsungur, an associate professor of economics at Mersin University, Turkey, who was behind the 2021 study on the health effects of boreout, points out that combating the phenomenon isn’t just down to the individual. “Giving meaning to the job is not just up to the employees,” he says. “Instead, it’s up to management to create an office culture that makes people feel valuable.”
If you think boreout is seriously affecting your health either physically or mentally, it may be valuable to ask yourself how you might be able to reselect your career path toward something healthier for you. Seek the advice from advisers, career consultants, friends and family.
“If only people take its suggestion, boreout can make a change into something else: a different career entirely, or a different role in the organization,” Harju says.
1. What is the purpose of the first paragraph?A.To introduce the topic of the text. | B.To describe people with burnout. |
C.To explain what burnout is. | D.To tell us who Harju is. |
A.They lack relevant knowledge. | B.They are warned not to talk about it. |
C.They may not want it to be known to employers. | D.They fear to be laughed at by their colleagues. |
A.Encouraging. | B.Blaming. | C.Trusting. | D.Fighting. |
A.Forcing employers to increase salaries. | B.Sticking to the job until you adapt to it. |
C.Trying spending more time with your family. | D.Considering changing a new job interesting you. |
10 . What would you think if someone suggested pulling down Big Ben to make way for a car park? It would be ridiculous, right? But when it comes to devastation (毁灭) of the natural world, we aren’t so easily shocked. But we should be...or we’ll be in a lot of trouble.
Nature is shrinking by the day. Ancient forests are destroyed. Wetlands are becoming dry. Woodland is disappearing. And all in the name of progress. This is bad in itself, but it’s devastating for biodiversity.
Biodiversity refers to the variety of plants, animals and other living things which are all inter-connected. The ecological services provided by biodiversity are vital to everyday life. The air we breathe is a product of photosynthesis (光合作用) by green plants. In fact, all life on earth exists thanks to the benefit of biodiversity. More than 90 percent of the calories consumed by people worldwide are produced from 80 plant species. And 30 percent of medicines are developed from plants and animals. Maintaining a wide diversity of species in each ecosystem is necessary to preserve all living things.
The loss of biodiversity could be devastating. “It is wrong to think that biodiversity can be reduced indefinitely without threatening humans,” said Harvard University biologist Edward O. Wilson, known as “the father of biodiversity”. He warned, “we are about to reach a critical point beyond which biodiversity loss will be unavoidable.”
But what can we do? The problem is that the concept of biodiversity is so vague. People might care about giant pandas, but it is much harder to excite them about the fate of tiny sea creatures which are being boiled to death in the cooling systems of power stations along coastlines. The Guardian newspaper is trying to help. It has started the Biodiversity 100 campaign to try to convince governments around the world to take action to deal with the widespread concerns about biodiversity. This includes persuading the UK government to create a series of marine reserves to reverse the decline in sea-life caused by industrial fishing, banning the fishing sharks by the Japanese fishermen and stopping the killing of dingoes in Australia, among many other things.
There is a lot to do. And we’d better get a move on if we don’t want to end up with a planet that can’t support life!
1. What does the author want to tell us by the comparison in paragraph 1?A.It is unreasonable to pull down Big Ben. | B.People take devastation of nature for granted. |
C.The differences between Big Ben and nature. | D.The great trouble we have been faced with. |
A.It doesn’t matter to reduce biodiversity. | B.People have done enough to preserve biodiversity. |
C.The situation of biodiversity is very serious. | D.Biodiversity loss has become unavoidable. |
A.The UK government. | B.The concept of biodiversity. |
C.The action to deal with problem. | D.The Guardian newspaper. |
A.Biodiversity Battle | B.Biodiversity Loss | C.Planet Conservation | D.Planet Changing |