1 . Suppose you become a leader in an organization. It’s very likely that you’ll want to have volunteers to help with the organization’s activities.     1    

Let’s begin with the question of why people volunteer. Researchers have identified several factors that motivate people to get involved. For example, people volunteer to express personal values related to unselfishness, to expand their range of experiences, and to strengthen social relationships. If volunteer positions do not meet these needs, people may not wish to participate.     2    

People also volunteer because they are required to do so. To increase levels of community service, some schools have launched compulsory volunteer programs. Unfortunately, these programs can shift people’s wish of participation from an internal factor (e.g., “I volunteer because it’s important to me”) to an external factor (e.g., “I volunteer because I’m required to do so”).     3     People must be sensitive to this possibility when they make volunteer activities a must.

Once people begin to volunteer, what leads them to remain in their positions over time? To answer this question, researchers have conducted follow-up studies in which they track volunteers over time. Having followed 238 volunteers in Florida over a year, they have found that one of the most important factors that influenced their satisfaction as volunteers was the amount of suffering they experienced in their volunteer positions. This result may lead to practical advice. The researchers note that attention should be given to “training methods that would prepare volunteers for troublesome situations or provide them with strategies for coping with the problem they do experience”.

    4     It was assumed that those people for whom the role of volunteer was most part of their personal identity would also be most likely to continue volunteer work. Participants indicated the degree to which the social role mattered by responding to statements such as “Volunteering in Hospital is an important part of who I am.” Consistent with the researchers’ expectations, they found a positive correlation between the strength of role identity and the length of time people continued to volunteer.

A．Another study of 302 volunteers at hospitals in Chicago focused on individual differences in the degree to which people view “volunteer” as an important social role.

B．To select volunteers, you may need to understand the motivations of the people you wish to attract.

C．When that happens, people become less likely to volunteer in the future.

D．So it is of great importance to study volunteer behaviors and how to organize volunteer activities.

E．To do so, it should help to understand why people undertake volunteer work and what keeps their interest in the work.

F．These results also suggest that continued efforts might focus on developing a volunteer role identity.

2 . Migrant workers

In the past twenty years, there has been an increasing tendency for workers to move from one country to another. While some newly independent countries have ____ most jobs to local people, others have attracted and welcomed migrant workers. This is particularly the ____ in the Middle East, where increased oil incomes have enabled many countries to ____ outsiders to improve local facilities. Thus the Middle East has attracted oil-workers from the USA and Europe. It has brought in construction workers and technicians from many countries, including South Korea and Japan.

In view of the ____ living and working conditions in the Middle East, surprising it is not that the pay is high to attract suitable workers. Many engineers and technicians can earn at least twice as much money in the Middle East as they can in their own country, and this is a ____ attraction. An allied (联合的) benefit is the low ____ or a complete lack of it. This ____ the amount of pay received by visiting workers and is very popular with them.

Sometimes a disadvantage has a compensating (补偿的) advantage. ____, the difficult living conditions often lead to increased friendship when workers have to depend on each other for safety and comfort. ____, many migrant workers can save large sum of money partly because of the lack of entertainment facilities. The work is often complex and full of problems but this merely presents greater ____ to engineers who prefer to find solutions to problems rather than do ____ work in their home country.

One major problem which affects migrant workers in the Middle East is that their jobs are ____ ones. They are nearly always on contract, so it is not easy for them to plan ahead with great confidence. This is to be ____ since no country welcomes a large number of foreign workers as permanent residents. In any case, migrant workers accept this ____, along with others, because of the ____ financial benefits which they receive.

1.

A．presented

B．devoted

C．adapted

D．restricted

2.

A．style

B．evidence

C．case

D．hint

3.

A．call in

B．bring up

C．turn down

D．help out

4.

A．excellent

B．difficult

C．fair

D．stable

5.

A．casual

B．familiar

C．major

D．final

6.

A．consumption

B．pressure

C．competition

D．taxation

7.

A．occupies

B．increases

C．blocks

D．protects

8.

A．For example

B．In particular

C．By comparison

D．In other words

9.

A．Therefore

B．Likewise

C．Consequently

D．However

10.

A．agreement

B．outcome

C．prediction

D．challenge

11.

A．skillful

B．vivid

C．routine

D．potential

12.

A．temporary

B．ordinary

C．voluntary

D．revolutionary

13.

A．claimed

B．criticized

C．considered

D．expected

14.

A．sacrifice

B．reminder

C．disadvantage

D．appreciation

15.

A．limited

B．considerable

C．reasonable

D．potential

4 . As a music teacher, I will be retiring at the end of the current school year. When that checklist from the HR department about my __ plans for the next school year arrived, I was feeling __

My music room was in the basement. Heating pipes hung from the ceiling and large ___columns ran floor-to-ceiling,making __ challenging. I had seen kids come to school with bruises(擦伤)or cigarette burns on their arms. I had had my purse stolen. I had been pushed up against a wall and __ breathless by an angry eighth- grade girl.

When this year started,things were going much __.Kids were coming before school and during break to learn __ to play,and by Christmas,we had a concert band of 100 kids. Good behavior and fascinated attention led to __ rehearsals(排练).As the students' playing improved,I could see their pride and sense of __ grow.I hadn't even thought about the checklist. Then one afternoon, there it was. I picked it up, planning to go back to my office to sign it ___ But holding it in my hand,I was ___ by thoughts and emotions I hadn't anticipated. I felt like a mother __ her children. I have loved unexpected comments of kids. __ ,I have enjoyed the challenges of motivating the unmotivated as well as the 30-second conversations with teachers,making me embrace the___ learning and growing.

The checklist suddenly made me feel __,old and sad. I stood where I was, checked the box and sent it to the HR. Then I walked the long hallway back toward the music room...

1.

A．treatment

B．family

C．employment

D．travel

2.

A．thrilled

B．embarrassed

C．relieved

D．discouraged

3.

A．plain-looking

B．weight-bearing

C．environment-friendly

D．energy-consuming

4.

A．breath

B．advance

C．growth

D．movement

5.

A．choked

B．transferred

C．attached

D．surrounded

6.

A．worse

B．better

C．further

D．harder

7.

A．how

B．what

C．where

D．when

8.

A．booming

B．winding

C．fulfilling

D．varying

9.

A．security

B．taste

C．belonging

D．accomplishment

10.

A．in sight

B．in private

C．in place

D．in brief

11.

A．overwhelmed

B．sustained

C．swung

D．regulated

12.

A．rejecting

B．denying

C．abandoning

D．removing

13.

A．Contrarily

B．Meanwhile

C．Accordingly

D．Otherwise

14.

A．fundamental

B．independent

C．voluntary

D．constant

15.

A．helpless

B．speechless

C．useless

D．priceless

6 . For the past decade, Noutsady has been working with the Power Construction Corporation of China (POWERCHINA) and grown into an experienced and reliable staff member of its Laos' branch company.

Noutsady, born in 1986 in central Laos' hilly Hin Heup District, went to the capital Vientiane alone at the age of 21 to look for a job and go on with her study. In 2009, with sound knowledge of accounting and favorable English communication skills, she stood out from many applicants and became an employee of POWERCHINA's Lao Cement Industry Co., Lid. Noutsady showed her talent and ability soon in the accounting position, completing nearly 200 payments for more than 50 downstream carriers every month, timely and accurately.

Working and spending time together has brought Noutsady and her Chinese colleagues closer. "I feel great with POWERCHINA, and I will try to achieve the same like POWERCHINA to 'keep promises and make promises valuable' and start a new life here," Noutsady told reporters.

When talking about the cement products of the company, Noutsady is full of pride. "We are one of the earliest cement producers in Laos," she said. "From the many hydropower plants around the country to the broad 450th Anniversary Avenue in the capital and the splendid Lao National Convention Center, even many house buildings in my hometown, our cement is used."

In the last decade, the Lao lady has not only seen the development of the cement company, but also set up her own small family. Now, Noutsady lives with her daughter in a comfortable apartment provided by the company. At the end of 2019, she was honored as an outstanding foreign employee of POWERCHINA. "Another new decade has begun and I will value it even more, loving my daughter, loving my life and loving my POWERCHINA," said Noutsady.

1. What does Noutsady do in the company?

A．An interpreter.

B．An accountant.

C．A salesperson.

D．A reporter,

2. What does Noutsady think of her career?

A．Worthwhile.

B．Competitive.

C．Challenging.

D．Unique.

3. What does the author want to tell us in Paragraph 4?

A．Many power plants have been built in Laos.	B．Laos has changed a lot in the past ten years.
C．Noutsady is satisfied with her achievements.	D．Cement of POWERCHINA is popular in Laos.

4. Which can be a suitable title for the text?

A．A Successful Lao Woman Living in China

B．POWERCHINA's Significant Influence on Laos

C．Valuable Memories of a Lao Lady Working in China

D．Noutsady's 10-year Experience in a Chinese Company

8 . “Daily Star, sir,” called Jason, carrying some news-papers under his arm. The little boy had been running up and down the street, but there were still twenty ____ left. His voice was almost gone and his heart was ____. The shops would soon close, and all the people would go home. He would have to go home too, carrying the papers ____ money. He had hoped to sell more papers tonight to make more money to buy a ____ for his mother and some seeds for his bird. That was why he had bought the papers with all his money. He ____ as he thought of his failure to sell all his papers.

“You don’t know the ____ of selling papers. You must shout, ‘Hot news! Bomb bursting!’” another newsboy Chad told Jason. “____ it’s not in the paper at all,” replied Jason. “Just run away quickly ____ they have time to see, and you’ll ____ out and get your money,” Chad said.

It was a new ____ to Jason. He thought of his bird with no ____ and the cake he wanted to buy for his mother, but was ____ that he would not tell a lie. Though he was ____ a poor newsboy, he had been ____ some good things.

The next afternoon Jason went to the office for his papers ____. Several boys were crowding around Chad, who declared with a ____ smile that he sold six dozen the day before. He added that Jason ____ money because he would not tell a lie. The boys ____ at Jason. “You wouldn’t tell a lie yesterday, my boy?” A gentleman at the office came up and patted Jason’s shoulder ____, “You’re just the boy I am looking for.” A week later Jason started his new ____. He lost the sale of twenty papers because he would not tell a lie, but got a well-paid job because he told the truth.

1.

A．shops

B．coins

C．people

D．papers

2.

A．open

B．heavy

C．pure

D．weak

3.

A．instead of

B．in return for

C．regardless of

D．in exchange for

4.

A．cup

B．card

C．comb

D．cake

5.

A．gave in

B．broke down

C．got away

D．showed up

6.

A．difficulty

B．process

C．goal

D．secret

7.

A．And

B．But

C．For

D．So

8.

A．before

B．since

C．though

D．unless

9.

A．call

B．drop

C．sell

D．reach

10.

A．edition

B．idea

C．policy

D．task

11.

A．bread

B．insects

C．seeds

D．water

12.

A．concerned

B．amazed

C．excited

D．determined

13.

A．still

B．already

C．just

D．also

14.

A．taught

B．handed

C．awarded

D．allowed

15.

A．at once

B．by chance

C．as usual

D．on purpose

16.

A．proud

B．gentle

C．warm

D．polite

17.

A．borrowed

B．lost

C．made

D．saved

18.

A．laughed

B．shouted

C．nodded

D．stared

19.

A．bravely

B．gratefully

C．fondly

D．modestly

20.

A．duty

B．business

C．job

D．method

9 . An entire American town gathered together to buy a new car for Peters, a pizza deliveryman for 31 years. They wanted to give him an incredible_________

Though it may be not a_________career, Peters knows he’s_________his suited position. “There were people in my family that were like, maybe you should consider your_________stability a little more,” he said. “But it’s my purpose in life-trying to make people_________. You know, when you’re delivering to somebody, you may be the only face they_________all day. ”

Whenever folks saw Peters and his 28 -year -old Oldsmobile_________their way, they knew they would be served with a_________. Langley, one of Peters’ longtime_________customers said, “He’s a very__________individual. We call him ‘Mr. Smiley. ’ Learning that, he turned to the community to__________Peters. It would guarantee he __________ his appointed routine.

Within three days they__________$19,000，enough to buy Peters a new car to see him through a lot more

__________. It felt almost like a__________when he first learned his loyal customers were__________a car to him. He’ll remember the awesome experience for the rest of his life. He’s simply__________. He just hopes that all those who made this happen will be__________.

Every time the guy__________his loyal customers with a smile，so the community’s generous show of gratitude came as no surprise. “That’s the type of__________he has on people,” Langley, who’s been having pizzas delivered by Peters for 20 years，said.

1.

A．order

B．award

C．service

D．position

2.

A．secure

B．tough

C．brief

D．proper

3.

A．defended

B．strengthened

C．found

D．kept

4.

A．mental

B．social

C．physical

D．financial

5.

A．happy

B．strong

C．familiar

D．energetic

6.

A．know

B．see

C．remember

D．need

7.

A．nodding

B．clearing

C．heading

D．choosing

8.

A．smile

B．prize

C．surprise

D．discount

9.

A．big

B．new

C．potential

D．regular

10.

A．talented

B．kindhearted

C．sensitive

D．innocent

11.

A．comfort

B．employ

C．help

D．invite

12.

A．keep up

B．break down

C．put off

D．work out

13.

A．earned

B．paid

C．borrowed

D．raised

14.

A．performances

B．deliveries

C．projects

D．challenges

15.

A．story

B．coincidence

C．dream

D．joke

16.

A．lending

B．renting

C．supplying

D．gifting

17.

A．grateful

B．hopeful

C．inspired

D．satisfied

18.

A．relaxed

B．blessed

C．excited

D．trusted

19.

A．persuades

B．rewards

C．serves

D．amuses

20.

A．expectation

B．dependence

C．mercy

D．influence

10 . Remote computer-aided design (CAD) working involves designers using cloud-based CAD software to perform the same work they would do at your company's office.     1    . And there are plenty of benefits to this approach.

Greater productivity

Multiple studies have shown that remote workers are in fact more productive than office staff. There are fewer distractions(分心) at home, no aimless gossip, lengthy meetings or annoying background noise.     2    .

Sense of responsibility

One 2018 study found that an incredible 97 % of employees would like a flexible job.     3     No one likes commuting(往返上班), and remote work allows people to improve their work-life balance. It lets them spend time with family, perhaps fit in a visit to the gym when it's less busy during the day, and it gives them a greater sense of responsibility. All means that staff who can work remotely are happier and more likely to stay at your business.

Money saving

From your company's financial perspective(视角), a benefit of remote CAD working is money saving.     4    . What's more, if your employees provide their own computers and you use an affordable-cost cloud-based CAD platform, your expenses are even lower.

    5    

Imagine your company found an ideal designer for your next project, but he / she lives on the other side of the country--- in most cases you would not be able to hire him/her. But with remote CAD working, that person could become a permanent(永久性的) member of your team without having to relocate.

A．Talent pool expanding

B．It's fairly obvious why

C．Improvements on remote CAD working

D．The job is not different from what they will do at the office

E．Most managers may fear that remote CAD working is an excuse for staff

F．Instead, the individual employee can focus all their energy on work, and work alone

G．If you need less office space, you can save hundreds of thousands of dollars each year