1 . There’s no doubt that loneliness hurts. Functional MRIs show that the area of the brain triggered by social rejection is the same area that’s triggered by physical pain. To understand why loneliness hurts, let’s take a closer look at friendship through the eyes of two heavyweight philosophers.
In one corner we have Aristotle, who wrote that without friends, there’s no reason to live. The Greek great believed that friendships are based on the virtues of the friend.
So as a sharp counterpunch to Aristotle, let’s turn to the renowned Enlightenment philosopher Immanuel Kant, who said that all people have value regardless of their virtues. Since we view our true friends with this kind of unconditional love and respect, we can assume they view us the same way.
| A．This may sound fine at first. |
| B．They last through thick and thin. |
| C．This tells us why loneliness hurts. |
| D．These acts may not make you a lifelong friend. |
| E．The more friends you have, the happier you’ll be. |
| F．We feel like we’re not accepted by the people around us. |
| G．Thus, the cure for loneliness can be found in other people. |
2 . 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It was my tenth birthday—double digits—which would be a big day for me, and I would have the biggest party ever. The guest list, which I kept at the back of my homework assignment folder, began with a few close friends. But in the two weeks before that special Friday night, it had quickly grown from seven girls to a large total of seventeen. Nearly every girl in my fifth-grade class had been invited to sleep over at my house for a big celebration. I was especially happy when each guest I invited excitedly accepted the invitation. I couldn’t wait! It would be a night of scary stories, funny games, pizza and lots of presents, which would be a happy paradise (天堂) for kids. Who could resist it?
But as I later realized, I would truly treasure only one gift I received that night.
The big night finally came. Every friend invited came to my house on time. We kept dancing, singing, talking loudly and playing all pop games. As you could imagine, my family room was full of crazy shouts and bursts of laughter. We had just finished a game of Twister and were lining up for the limbo (林波舞)when the doorbell rang suddenly. I hardly paid attention to who might be at the door. What did it matter? Who cared? Everyone I liked from school was there, in my family room, preparing for the game —to lean under the stick held by my two sisters.
“Judy, come here for a minute,” Mom answered the door and called loudly from the front door.
I hated to be interrupted. I rolled my eyes and shrugged to my friends as if to say, “Now who would dare bother me at a time like this?” What I really wanted to say was, “It’s tough being popular!”
注意：（1）续写词数应为150左右；
（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1:
I ran to the front door, wondering who it was, and then I stopped.
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Paragraph 2:
I slowly accepted the gift from Sarah.
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3 . Healthy friendships can protect against anxiety and increase happiness. While many people believe it’s the number of friends that matters, research shows that quality is more important—and having even a small group of close friends is a stronger sign of happiness than having lots of general connections.
● Continuously spend time.
● Get vulnerable (脆弱的).
Another key is allowing yourself to be vulnerable. Start by sharing small opinions, like what you think about your book club’s latest choice.
●Mix in several creativity.
It might be time to put new energy into your most familiar (熟悉的) friendships. That goes for both conversations and activities.
●
Every friendship will surely arrive at key moments: the highs and lows in life that certainly affect how we feel about our friendships. Was your friend there when you got promoted or became seriously ill? The answer determines how much we’ll value that friendship.
| A．Turn to your friends. |
| B．Show up for the important moments. |
| C．Here are some useful ways to build up friendships. |
| D．Making time for whom we care about can deepen friendships. |
| E．Go deeper by telling your friends what you’re now struggling with. |
| F．Arrange moments of conversation where you can do something different. |
| G．If you’re in low spirits, be open about how you’re feeling and deal with it. |
No two people are exactly alike, and even best friends disagree sometimes.
I still remembered the first time I met Karina at a summer camp, we got along so great. It was as if we’d known each other forever.
I really liked plantain chip (植蕉片), which had little appeal for other kids. So when I noticed some in Karina’s lunchbox as I sat next to her on the first day of the camp, I was surprised. Equally surprised was Karina since plantain chips were her favorite snack.
“Well, then I guess today’s your lucky day,” she said, handing me the bag. “I have a big box that’s taking up space in the cupboard. So, see, you’d actually be helping me out!”
“Well, in that case, thanks!” I laughed. “I am happy to help.”
And right then I knew that Karina and I were meant to be friends forever. Whenever we got to pick a partner at camp, we picked each other. Whenever we had a break, we hung out together. And the more time we spent together, the more we realized how amazingly alike we were. We both had two adorable cats, we both had awesome and sometimes annoying younger brothers, we both liked baking extra-creative cookies, and we both had the same favorite song.
Then something happened. The camp was next to a piece of beautiful land that had a bunch of giant old trees on it. Whenever it was nice out, we’d get to eat our lunch at picnic tables that were right by some of those trees. We’d feed squirrels and play with them. One day when looking up, we spotted large numbers of holes in a trunk, which were made by woodpeckers (啄木鸟) to store nuts. I fell in love with the amazing scene!
But somehow things got different when news came that those giant old trees would be cut down to make room for a shopping center. It was like a stone with its waves and our friendship was on the rocks.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
We disagreed with each other and had a heated argument.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Several days later, again we were asked to pick a partner.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________5 . For lots of kids, toddlerhood (幼儿期) is an important time for friendship. Studies show that the earlier kids learn to form positive relationships, the better they are at relating to others as teenagers and adults. Playing together also helps these kids practice social behaviors, such as kindness, sharing, and cooperation.
Even so, how quickly your child develops into a social creature may also depend on his temperament(性格). Some toddler s are very social, but others are shy. In addition, the way that toddlers demonstrate that they like other children is markedly different from what adults think of as expressions of friendship. Research at Ohio State University in Columbus found that a toddler’s way of saying “I like you” during play is likely to come in the form of copying a friend’s behavior.
This seemingly unusual way of demonstrating fondness can result in unpleasant behavior. Regardless of how much they like a playmate, they may still grab his toys, refuse to share, and get bossy. But experts say that this is a normal and necessary part of friendship for kids this age. Through play experiences, toddlers learn social rules. That’s why it’s so important to take an active role in your toddler’s social encounters by setting limits and offering frequent reminders of what they are. When you establish these guidelines, explain the reasons behind them.
Begin by helping your child learn sympathy (“Ben is crying. What’s making him so sad?”), then suggest how he could resolve the problem (“Maybe he would feel better if you let him play the ball.”). When your child shares or shows empathy(同理心) toward a friend, praise him (“Ben stopped crying! You made him feel better.”).
Another way to encourage healthy social interaction is by encouraging kids to use words- not fists-to express how they feel. It’s also important to be mindful of how your child’s personality affects playtime. Kids are easy to get angry when they’re sleepy or hungry, so schedule playtime when they’re refreshed.
1. What does it indicate when toddlers copy their playmates’ behavior?| A．They are interested in acting. | B．They are shy with the strangers. |
| C．They are fond of their playmates. | D．They are tired of playing games. |
| A．Design games for them. | B．Find them suitable playmates. |
| C．Play together with them. | D．Help them understand social rules. |
| A．Giving examples. | B．Explaining concepts. |
| C．Providing evidence. | D．Making comparisons. |
| A．How Children Adapt to Changes | B．How to Be a Role Model for Children |
| C．How Your Baby Learns to Love | D．How to Communicate with Your Kid |
6 . A good friend can help you study. You can have fun together and make each other happy.
Above all else, I look for understanding in a friend.
At the same time, however, a good friend is honest.
There is a fourth quality that makes a friend special. A special friend is someone with whom we can have fun. We should enjoy our lives, and we would enjoy our friendship. A good friend likes the same things I like. We share experience and learn from each other. A good friend has a good sense of humor, too.
| A．He does not look for mistakes in others. |
| B．Real friends share your sorrows and joys. |
| C．Another quality of a friend is reliability. |
| D．Remember a friend in need is a friend indeed. |
| E．Sometimes you will meet fair-weather friends. |
| F．A good friend tries to understand how another person is feeling. |
| G．When I meet someone who is reliable, honest, and understanding, I know I’ve found a friend! |
When you step into a new environment, fitting in means
Firstly, confidence plays
If you follow what is mentioned above, you
8 . 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
For courage, my fingers hold tight to the harness (挽具) on Chó’s broad back as we pass my neighbor’s fence. Chó is my guide dog, a German Shepherd (德国牧羊犬). Walking by Mr. Groll’s yard is the best part of our morning walk and also the worst. It is the best part because the roses talk to us. “Good morning, Chó,” whisper the roses’ sweet smell to Chó’s nose. Other roses shout to me, “Hello, Mai!” with a smell that bursts as firecrackers. Now comes the worst part-the unfriendly neighbor that shades us: Mr. Groll. I greet him as I do every morning. And like every other morning, he does not answer me. But I know he’s there, watching, behind his fence.
Maybe he’s afraid of me because I’m blind. Disabilities scare grown-ups sometimes. Then I remember: yesterday I heard him playing checkers with my friend Jimmy, who’s in a wheelchair. Why does Mr. Groll ignore me? He likes roses. I like roses. Why can’t two people who like roses like each other? It’s a mystery (谜) to me.
Papa has told me that some folks do not like people from faraway places. Does this solve the mystery? Maybe Mr. Groll does not like Vietnamese neighbors. No, that can’t be it. Every Saturday Mr. Groll and my big brother, Lien, help each other with yard work. They are friends. Well, then, maybe he doesn’t like me because I’m a girl. The sidewalk hums beneath my feet. A skateboard speeds by. “Hello, Mai and Chó!” my friend Jana shouts, “Hi, Mr. Groll.” I wait. If Mr. Groll ignores Jana, then the mystery is solved. But his voice calls out, “Hello, Jana!” The sound of it breaks my heart.
Now I know something I didn’t know before: some people who can see can be blind. Sometimes, their hearts don’t see any better than my eyes do. And I also know that unfriendly Mr. Groll likes Jimmy.
And Lien. And Jana. But not me and Chó! Suddenly, an idea brightens my mystery. Maybe I do know why Mr. Groll doesn’t talk to me! “Down,” I command. Chó does as I say.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I attach her harness to a tree and I feel my way along the fence.
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“A German shepherd is a very... big dog,” he says in a voice that tells me he thinks I will laugh at him.
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9 . Many friendships hit rough patches. Sometimes it is worth the emotional strain to work through your problems, while at other times, especially when a friendship is harmful, it isn’t.
●Reflect and write down the good.
Before you face a difficult conversation with a friend, pause and reflect first. Think of a specific moment that this friendship has brought you joy or excitement. Using that memory as inspiration to write down things you appreciate about a friend.
●Choose a different way to communicate.
If repair efforts have not worked via your usual tech channels, try another way to communicate.
●
If you take a step back from the friendship and notice that it’s doing more harm than good, for example, your friend isn’t rooting for your success, bullies you, is inconsiderate, or you feel drained or misunderstood by them, it might be time to end instead of mend.
| A．Follow the red flags. |
| B．Mend it before it’s too late. |
| C．People are thrilled to get mail that’s not a catalog or a bill. |
| D．How to repair a friendship or leave it behind if it’s toxic? |
| E．Not all friendships last a lifetime and it’s OK to give up a bad one. |
| F．This indicates evaluating the balance of harm versus good is crucial. |
| G．Then, sharing that list in conversation with the friend regardless of the outcome. |
On a cold November morning, William is up a little early. He packs his own lunch in a crowded kitchen while mom and dad get breakfast on the table for the family, pack lunches for the little ones and share out instructions for after-school chores. William drops a sandwich into his backpack, says goodbye and runs into the cold, dark morning.
School is only a mile away, but William’s route is almost two miles. He pulls his jacket around him, too light for the weather just like his mother warned, and heads away from the school for a few blocks. He hurries up a walkway. The lights inside the house are on, and he knows John will be waiting, that the front door will fly open just before he gets there, that he doesn’t really need to walk all the way up to the porch. But he does. The door bursts open, and John runs out without a coat. William tells John to go back inside and get a coat on. John’s mother says the same and holds the door open.
“Hi, William,” she says, smiling. William returns the Hi, and John bounds out into the cold as if it is a summer morning. The two of them start their walk to school.
“John is a chromosome (染色体) off, just one,” his mother likes to say. “But everything else about him is beautiful.” John walks excitedly toward school with his best friend William.
They won’t see each other much in school. John will spend most of the day in special education classes, and William will be in college-prep classes and working with the photography club after school. John will wait for him, sometimes helping move equipment. John’s mother knows that high school is a short time, that William will go on to college and that John will take a very different path.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1:
William knows this, too, but doesn’t think much about the future when he’s with John.
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Paragraph 2:
Having a friend can be the most important possession in life when you are in high school.
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