1. What do they have in common?
A.They become a tour guide. |
B.They keep their childhood dreams. |
C.They don’t realize their childhood dreams. |
A.Confident. | B.Confused. | C.Worried. |
For a lot of people,
3 . Some dreams take longer to come true than others, but with the help of 21st-century social media and her great-grandson, at the age of 110, one British woman is
At the end of World War I, Amy Hawkins was a 7-year-old child who loved nothing more than to
All these years later, the 110-year-old lady lives at home in Monmouth, South Wales, surrounded by her loved ones. The four-generation family unit includes her granddaughter, Hannah Freeman, and Freeman’s 14-year-old son, Sacha. Even though she’s no longer doing it
“She’s like a clock, once you wind her up she won’t stop,” Freeman said in an interview. “She just keeps asking, ‘Would you
On Hawkins’ 110th birthday, Sacha
Some journeys take longer than others. Sometimes, we’re detoured (绕路) along the way. Dreams can and do come true every day. While it’s been a long time coming, Amy Hawkins is
A.reflecting | B.realizing | C.recalling | D.researching |
A.sing | B.study | C.paint | D.film |
A.values | B.limits | C.mind | D.hands |
A.recognized | B.restored | C.defended | D.denied |
A.method | B.grade | C.level | D.occupation |
A.nervously | B.professionally | C.reasonably | D.secretly |
A.bring | B.have | C.like | D.read |
A.caught | B.videoed | C.reported | D.remembered |
A.imagined | B.noticed | C.missed | D.suspected |
A.entertaining | B.becoming | C.representing | D.inviting |
4 . Inspiration
“Mama, when I grow up, I’m going to be one of those!” I said this after seeing the Capital Dancing Company perform when I was three. It was the first time that my
As I look back on that day now, it surely
Though I was absolutely thrilled with the change, it did not come without its fair share of
Today, when I look at the unbelievable company that I have the great honor of being a part of, not only as a member, but as a dance captain. I see a
A.hobby | B.dream | C.plan | D.word |
A.connected | B.expanded | C.exposed | D.extended |
A.symbol | B.memory | C.truth | D.reality |
A.adds | B.lacks | C.makes | D.brings |
A.cared | B.decided | C.asked | D.expected |
A.challenges | B.profits | C.advantages | D.adventures |
A.off | B.aside | C.apart | D.back |
A.function | B.meaning | C.expression | D.usage |
A.limits | B.problems | C.barriers | D.efforts |
A.victory | B.trend | C.tradition | D.desire |
5 . We’ve all experienced failure. Whether we like it or not, failure is part of life. How people respond to it is of great importance both to their decisions and achievements. Some are likely to have such expectations: “If I should reach that goal, how happy would I feel?” In a recent study, we wanted to understand how such expectations may change in the face of failure. Are people able to predict their own happiness?
The old saying “the grass is always greener on the other side” suggests that people spend much of their time longing for things they can’t have. In other words, the harder it is to achieve, the higher the valuation. But is this a good model for how ordinary people process failure? According to the story The Fox and the Grapes, failure often leads us to drop our initial (最初的) plan. In the story, the fox jumps with all his strength, yet he fails to reach the grapes. Finally, he walks away, concluding that the grapes were sour (酸的) anyway.
So, which is it: greener grass or sour grapes? We did an experiment to determine how people react to failure.
In the study, about 1,200 participants (参加者) received either good or poor feedback (反馈) on the practice trial of a test. Half of them were told that they had performed in the bottom 20 percent, while the other half, in the top 20 percent. They were then asked to predict how they would feel if they earned a high score on the actual test.
The research results showed that those who received poor feedback on the practice trial predicted that they would feel less happiness and less pride, compared to those who received strong feedback. However, when they received a top score on the actual test later, they were just as happy as the other half, and much happier than they had predicted before. This suggests that the initial failure made people undervalue how good it would feel to succeed in the future.
The question though, is why failure makes us downplay our future happiness. According to Professor Jon Elster, people don’t always know what they want, and often change their wishes to match what appears within reach. When the outcome doesn’t fit the one they have of themselves, they protect themselves by devaluing the goal—rather than devaluing self. In other words, when personal failure happens, one way of protecting our positive (积极的) sense of self is to refuse to accept the emotional importance of future achievements.
Detachment (超脱) from personal goals can be useful, if it helps people redirect their attention from the impossible to better and more achievable goals. However, if the sour-grape effect kicks in too early and people become fearful of failure, they could miss out on the chance to try again and realize that what once seemed impossible is now within reach.
1. What does the story The Fox and the Grapes suggest?A.The outcome valuation depends on what goal is set. |
B.Difficulties result in a higher achievement expectation. |
C.Past performance doesn’t help predict future happiness. |
D.Initial failure makes future success appear less attractive. |
A.undervalue | B.better understand | C.destroy | D.discover |
A.The participants cared more about strong feedback. |
B.The happier people are those who predict less happiness. |
C.The participants’ performance failed to match their abilities. |
D.People devalue the goal to keep a positive view of themselves. |
A.Failure is the mother of success. |
B.Detachment stops people from changing wishes. |
C.The seemingly impossible is worth trying sometimes. |
D.The sour-grape effect pushes us to keep moving forward. |
International Workers’ Day is a day to show respect for the working people and advocate the spirit of hard work. The Chinese are known
7 . Some dreams take longer to come true than others, but with the help of 21st-century social media and her great-grandson, at the age of 110, one British woman is
At the end of World War I, Amy Hawkins was a 7-year-old child who loved nothing more than to
All these years later, the 110-year-old lady lives at home in Monmouth, South Wales, surrounded by her loved ones. The four-generation family unit includes her granddaughter, Hannah Freeman, and Freeman’s 14-year-old son, Sacha. Even though she’s no longer doing it
“She’s like a clock, once you wind her up she won’t stop,” Freeman said in an interview. “She just keeps asking, ‘Would you
On Hawkins’ 110th birthday, Sacha
Some journeys take longer than others. Sometimes, we’re detoured (绕路) along the way. Dreams can and do come true every day. While it’s been a long time coming, Amy Hawkins is
A.reflecting | B.realizing | C.recalling | D.researching |
A.sing | B.study | C.paint | D.film |
A.values | B.limits | C.sights | D.hands |
A.cut back | B.cut in | C.cut through | D.cut short |
A.method | B.grade | C.level | D.occupation |
A.nervously | B.professionally | C.reasonably | D.secretly |
A.bring | B.have | C.like | D.read |
A.caught | B.videoed | C.reported | D.remembered |
A.imagined | B.noticed | C.missed | D.suspected |
A.entertaining | B.becoming | C.representing | D.inviting |
8 . My education started in a small village of India, I did not have any English then. When I discovered that famous novelist George Orwell was born in Motihari, it made me wonder if I could be a writer too. That day, it became my
My father opened up the world of books for me. I must have been seven or eight, when he first
Two years later, I began to read my first English novel. Then I
After writing a dozen articles and reviews, I knew it was finally time to plan my novel.
One year later, I finished my writing work again. I
When I shared it with my friend, she
A.dream | B.career | C.memory | D.ability |
A.returned | B.lent | C.drew | D.bought |
A.attracted | B.frightened | C.amused | D.warned |
A.remember | B.regret | C.believe | D.suggest |
A.admitted | B.realized | C.explained | D.complained |
A.put down | B.written down | C.broken down | D.turned down |
A.worried | B.surprised | C.depressed | D.excited |
A.published | B.refused | C.copied | D.recited |
A.program | B.report | C.drill | D.journey |
A.Creating | B.Sharing | C.Comparing | D.Deleting |
A.chapter | B.draft | C.line | D.question |
A.pride | B.energy | C.expectation | D.patience |
A.praised | B.rejected | C.accused | D.collected |
A.invited | B.helped | C.protected | D.contacted |
A.laughed | B.cheered | C.cried | D.clapped |
A.rewarded | B.donated | C.thanked | D.encouraged |
A.call | B.book | C.gift | D.task |
A.sorrow | B.delight | C.disappointment | D.embarrassment |
A.hardly | B.just | C.even | D.only |
A.talent | B.effort | C.bravery | D.modesty |
9 . Why do people want to go to university? For some, it is the desire to learn. At university, you
10 . A parent’s hopes for 2030
When 2010 arrived, my son was only a year old—tiny.
Now my baby has grown into an
A
I hope we finally get
I’m not sure what a warming planet will
The world is always going to be full of
The world of 2030 won’t
A.special | B.generous | C.intelligent | D.dependent |
A.welcomed | B.raised | C.grown | D.congratulated |
A.athlete | B.adolescent | C.artist | D.engineer |
A.director | B.author | C.lover | D.reader |
A.month | B.century | C.year | D.decade |
A.questions | B.experience | C.danger | D.change |
A.create | B.notice | C.face | D.shake |
A.worry | B.sacrifice | C.provide | D.arrange |
A.plans | B.methods | C.hopes | D.choices |
A.particular | B.serious | C.optimistic | D.enthusiastic |
A.drying | B.rising | C.growing | D.cooling |
A.for sure | B.as usual | C.no longer | D.till now |
A.slow | B.record | C.complete | D.oppose |
A.mean | B.obtain | C.share | D.seek |
A.pick up | B.fight over | C.turn down | D.take part |
A.finished | B.continued | C.started | D.left |
A.aims | B.examples | C.disagreements | D.results |
A.escape | B.express | C.seek | D.affect |
A.differ from | B.agree with | C.refer to | D.call for |
A.blame | B.admire | C.prove | D.build |