| A．He can only see things up close. |
| B．He gets glasses for the woman. |
| C．He doesn’t like his old glasses. |
Acupuncture, one of the most famous Chinese medical
However,
| A．Tired. | B．Relaxed. | C．Scared. |
4 . The old saying that “laughter is the best medicine” may contain an element of truth when it comes to heart health. A research has demonstrated that laughing causes the tissue inside the heart to expand and increases oxygen flow around the body.
“Our study found that laughter treatment increased the functional capacity of the cardiovascular (心血管的) system, and patients with heart disease who engaged in a course of laughter treatment had reduced inflammation (炎症) and better health.” said the lead author, Prof Marco Safffi, of the Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre in Brazil.
In the trial, scientists carried out a first-of-its-kind study to examine if laughter treatment could improve symptoms of patients with heart disease. It involved 26 adults with an average age of 64, all diagnosed with the heart disease caused by plaque (斑块) buildup in the walls of the arteries (动脉) that supply blood to the heart. Over three months, half were asked to watch two different hour-long comedy programmes each week, including funny popular sitcoms. The other half watched two different serious documentaries, about heavy topics such as politics or the Amazon rainforest.
At the end of the 12-week study period, the comedy group improved by 10% in a test measuring how much oxygen their heart could pump around the body. The group also improved in a second measure that tested how well arteries can expand. They also had a blood test to measure several inflammatory markers, which indicate how much plaque has built up in the blood vessels and whether people are at risk of heart attack or stroke. The results showed that their inflammatory markers had significantly reduced compared with the documentary group.
“When patients with heart disease arrive at hospital, they usually have a lot of inflammatory markers.” said Saffi. “It’s really good news that laughter treatment is a good intervention that could help reduce inflammation and decrease the risk of heart attack and stroke.”
1. How does laughter help patients with heart disease?| A．It makes the tissue inside the heart become larger |
| B．It lowers the oxygen flow around the patients’ body |
| C．It reduces the function of the cardiovascular system |
| D．It increases inflammation and results in better health |
| A．The research participants were all old man above 60. |
| B．The documentary group worried about the Amazon rainforest. |
| C．The comedy group must have laughed while watching sitcoms. |
| D．The comedy group had more inflammatory markers than the documentary group. |
| A．2 | B．3 | C．4 | D．5 |
| A．Laughter treatment — A powerful weapon to cure heart disease. |
| B．Laughter treatment —An effective method to defeat heart disease. |
| C．Laughter treatment —A helpful way to lower the risk of heart disease. |
| D．Laughter treatment — A perfect therapy to save lives from heart disease. |
5 . PRACTITIONERS
| Jacqueline Felice de Almania (c.1322) highlights the suspicion that women practicing medicine faced. Born to a Jewish family in Florence, she moved to Paris where she worked as a physician and performed surgery. In 1322 she was tried for practicing unlawfully. In spite of the court hearing testimonials (证明) of her ability as a doctor, she was banned from medicine. | James Barry (c.1789 — 1865) was born Margaret Bulkley in Ireland but, dressed as a man, she was accepted by Edinburgh University to study medicine. She qualified as a surgeon in 1813, then joined the British Army, serving overseas. Barry retired in 1859, having practiced her entire medical profession living and working as a man. |
| Tan Yunxian (1461 — 1554) was a Chinese physician who learned her skills from her grandparents. Chinese women at the time could not serve apprenticeships (学徒期) with doctors. However, Tan passed the official exam. Tan treated women from all walks of life. In 1511, Tan wrote a book, Sayings of a Female Doctor, describing her life as a physician. | Rebecca Lee Crumpler (1831 — 1895) worked as a nurse for eight years before studying in medical college in Boston in 1860. Four years later, she was the first African American woman to receive a medical degree. She moved to Virginia in 1865, where she provided medical care to freed slaves. |
| A．Doing teaching jobs. | B．Being hired as physicians. |
| C．Performing surgery. | D．Being banned from medicine. |
| A．She wrote a book. | B．She went through trials. |
| C．She worked as a dentist. | D．She had formal education. |
| A．Jacqueline Felice de Almania. | B．Tan Yunxian. |
| C．James Barry. | D．Rebecca Lee Crumpler. |
1. What did the driver do after the accident?
| A．He parked on the side of the road. |
| B．He brought the woman to the hospital. |
| C．He moved the woman’s bike off the street. |
| A．He took a sharp turning. |
| B．He hit her from behind. |
| C．He drove too fast and hit her front tire. |
| A．Call her mother. | B．Buy her a new bike. | C．Pay for her medical bills. |
| A．Finding the driver. | B．Going to the hospital. | C．Checking her bicycle. |
1. When will the man probably go back to work?
| A．This morning. |
| B．Next week. |
| C．In one month. |
| A．An arm. |
| B．A leg. |
| C．An eye. |
| A．To the woods. |
| B．To the seaside. |
| C．To the mountains. |
It seems that people in western countries are becoming increasingly
I made an
| A．At an airport. | B．At a clinic. | C．At a hotel. |
10 . Have you been told you have penicillin allergy? Did your parents tell you that you had a reaction as an infant or child, so you should never take it again? Has it been so long since you had a reaction to penicillin that you don’t remember what happened? If you fit any of these descriptions or are just not sure if you have penicillin allergy, there’s good news for you: Chances are, you probably don’t have it.
Between 10 to 20 percent of Americans believe they have a penicillin allergy, but a recent study at Mayo Clinic found that only 10 percent of those people are truly penicillin allergic. In other words, 9 out of 10 people who think they have penicillin allergy are avoiding it for no reason. Even in people with documented allergy to penicillin, only about 20 percent are still allergic 10 years after their initial allergic reaction. It’s not necessarily a permanent condition.
Why is this important? Aren’t there many other antibiotics you can use if you have penicillin allergy? Penicillin has been around since 1928. Penicillin and its related medicines include amoxicillin, methicillin and amoxicillin-clavulnate. These medicines are highly effective treatments for many bacterial infections, such as strep throat and ear infections. Of course, there are alternative antibiotics, but these are often much more expensive and carry a higher risk of side effects. Typically, these alternative antibiotics are broad-spectrum, meaning they fight many types of bacteria, both good and bad. That can lead to development of drug-resistant bacteria, or deadly “superbugs”. This increases the risk for all of us in the future of not having an effective antibiotic to treat our infection.
How do you find out if you have penicillin allergy? Board-certified allergists can test you. First, the allergist will get a history from you about your possible allergy. Typical questions include: How long ago did you have the reaction? What type of reaction occurred, and how soon after you took the penicillin did the reaction appear? The testing is done on the forearm by pricking the skin with a needle. If the results are negative and there is no reaction, penicillin will be injected in the skin. These tests are not painful, and results are available in 15 minutes. A positive reaction may lead to some swelling and itching where the test was placed, which usually goes away within an hour.
In very rare cases, an allergic reaction occurs. This can include hives, swelling, wheezing and/or difficulty breathing. The allergist is trained to treat this rare condition quickly if it happens. If all skin testing is negative, you may be given an oral dose of penicillin in the office. The oral drug challenge is used to verify that you don’t have penicillin allergy. Usually, you’ll be observed in the office for 30 minutes to make sure you have no problems.
If you find out you don’t have a penicillin allergy, notify your physicians that it’s now safe for you to take penicillin. They can take “penicillin allergy” off your chart for good!
1. What can we know about penicillin allergy according to the passage?| A．Most people believe that they are penicillin allergic. |
| B．People with documented allergy will have it forever. |
| C．About 90 percent of people are truly penicillin allergic. |
| D．Many people with initial allergy can avoid it later. |
| A．They cost much more than penicillin. |
| B．They can treat many bacterial infections. |
| C．They can result in drug-resistant bacteria. |
| D．They also fight good bacteria when used. |
| A．you can’t leave the office within an hour |
| B．your skin is supposed to swell and itch |
| C．it is not safe for you to take penicillin |
| D．you’ll be given an oral dose of penicillin |
| A．confirm | B．attach |
| C．declare | D．control |
