1 . 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

Because of the contribution to the fight against malaria, one of the most serious     1     (disease) in the world, Tu Youyou has become the first female scientist of the People’s Republic of China to receive a Nobel Prize. Born in 1930, in Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, Tu     2     (study) medicine at university in Beijing and acquired a broad knowledge of both traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine. In 1969, she became head of a team intending to find a cure for malaria.     3     (inspire) by an over 1,600-year-old text about preparing qinghao extract with cold water, she tried extracting the herb at a low temperature in order not to damage its effective part. She finally succeeded in     4     (make) qinghao extract that could treat malaria in mice.     5     , there was a problem that the trials on patients were likely to be postponed because they did not have sufficient safety data. To speed up the process and ensure     6     (it) safety, Tu and her team volunteered to test qinghao extract on themselves first. The efforts of Tu and her team finally paid     7     . In November 1972, they successfully discovered     8     most effective part of the extract and named it qinghaosu,     9     is now a key part of many malaria medicines. Tu encouraged scientists to further explore the treasure house of traditional Chinese medicine and raise it to a     10     (high) level than ever.

2 . Getting paid to stay in bed all day sounds pretty good, but what if someone pays you $ 23, 000 to stay in bed for two months? That’s the deal that a medical research team in France is offering to 24 volunteers.

The researchers are looking for volunteers to help them study the effects of weightlessness (失重状态) on the human body and find ways to stop problems. Lying in bed isn’t exactly the same as being weightless, but the effects are alike.

When astronauts spend a long time in an environment with no gravity, their bodies change in many ways. After several months, their hearts don’t beat as hard. Their muscles become smaller and weaker. Their bones may be broken more easily. There may also be changes in the astronauts’ immune systems (免疫系统) and sleep habits.

The study will take 88 days. During the first two weeks, the volunteers will be tested to make sure of their levels of fitness. Then they will spend 60 days lying in bed with their heads lower than their bodies. They will have to do everything while lying down, including eating, brushing their teeth, and going to the bathroom. The rule is that they must have at least one shoulder touching the bed at all times. The last two weeks of the study will be spent trying to build up the volunteers’ fitness again.

Volunteers must be men between the ages of 20 and 45 who are in perfect health. The researchers completed one study in April. A second study will take place from September to December.

1. What’s the third paragraph mainly about?

A．How astronauts work in an environment without gravity.

B．Astronauts’ sleep habits in an environment without gravity.

C．Why astronauts’ bodies change in an environment without gravity.

D．The effects of an environment without gravity on astronauts’ bodies.

2. From the passage, we can learn that the volunteers must_____.

A．be women	B．come from France
C．be in excellent condition	D．be under twenty years old

3. What’s the passage mainly about?

A．How to build up astronauts’ fitness.

B．Researchers pay volunteers to stay in bed.

C．Effects of weightlessness on the human body.

D．Disadvantages of lying in bed for two months.

4. Where does the passage most probably come from?

A．A medical magazine.	B．A short novel.
C．A grammar book.	D．A travel guidebook.

3 . A drug used to treat severe bleeding could save thousands of lives for mothers giving birth. A global trial of the drug found it reduced the risk of bleeding deaths during childbirth by nearly one-third. The study involved 20,000 women in 21 countries, mainly in Africa and Asia. The trial was carried out by London's School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine. The drug is called d tranexamic acid (氨甲环酸). It is low-cost and researchers said it does not cause serious side effects for mothers or babies.

The drug is used to treat mothers for severe bleeding during childbirth, also known as postpartum hemorrhage (产后出血).It is the leading cause of mother’s death worldwide, according to the World Health Organization.

Haleema Shakur is the project director of the trial. She says despite medical advances in many countries, severe bleeding after childbirth remains a big problem in some parts of the world. “It's one of the biggest killers of mothers. In Africa and Asia. about 10 percent of women will end up with severe bleeding. " The drug works by stopping blood clots(血凝块) from breaking down after a mother gives birth. The treatment can prevent the need for doctors to perform surgery to find the source of bleeding.

Shakur said the best results were reported when the drug was given to women as soon as possible after childbirth, “The earlier you give it- so within the first three hours of giving birth—the better the effect is. ”

The next step will be to get the drug where it is needed provide training for doctors and nurses on how to use it. During the trial, women were given the drug in a hospital. But researchers are looking for easier ways to administer the drug so it can be more widely used in small clinics and rural areas.

1. Tranexamic acid is a drug that________ .

A．should be used for every mother

B．helps mothers before giving birth

C．ensures most new-born babies’ health

D．can help mothers giving birth stop bleeding

2. What is the reachers’ next plan?

A．To know how much the drug is.

B．To get permission to use the drug.

C．To let more people know the drug.

D．To make medical staff know how to use the drug.

3. What can we learn from the text?

A．The more mothers use the drug, the better its effect is.

B．African and Asian countries made great progress in medicine.

C．There is a long way to go before the drug can be used more widely.

D．Postpartum hemorrhage is the leading cause of women’s death.

4. What may be the best title for the text?

A．Care for the Health of Mothers

B．How Can We Use Tranexamic Acid Well?

C．Childbirth Drug Greatly Reduces Bleeding Deaths

D．What's the Biggest Killer of Mothers?