1 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

The choices people make can cause cancer. Not everyone who     1    (use) tobacco products will get cancer, but the chance of getting certain     2     (type) of cancer increases with tobacco use. The recent research     3     (show) us that the constant misuse or overuse of alcohol may cause cancer of the mouth and throat as well recently.

Sometimes cancer can be caused by radiation     4     (find) in sunlight and X-rays, in addition     5     other places. This doesn’t mean you should stop getting X-rays or stay indoors, but limiting your     6     (expose) to radiation can reduce the chances of developing cancer. The X-rays you get at     7     doctor’s or dentist’s office are not    8     (typical) enough to cause cancer.

And sometimes, the reason     9    someone gets cancer is simply an unfortunate mystery. Some cells in the body may start to increase and change. Doctors and researchers can see it happening,     10     they cannot provide a description of why it started.

2 . While I was teaching in China, I became interested in acupuncture (针灸). It was after returning from China and witnessing how successful it had been that I reached the decision to become an acupuncturist myself. I was lucky to discover that the town where I lived had a famous college of traditional acupuncture.

Alternative medicine such as acupuncture is particularly important for me because I firmly believe that it works on the level of body, mind and spirit. This is very different from Western medicine which is supposed to work only on the body. When a person is ill, it is believed that there’s something in their life that is putting their energy levels out of balance. What alternative therapies (疗法) try do to is kelp to gradually push that energy back into balance. The result is that any disease present might naturally disappear as it cannot survive when energies are balanced.

I’ve treated a wide range of people for various conditions, for example people suffering from stress and anxiety. To acquire a qualification in acupuncture, I took a course that lasted three years. I had to go to the college about one weekend in three. I also had a large amount of homework and practical work to do, which I did two or three evenings a week. This involved locating pints on different people. As you can imagine, this isn’t straightforward as people are of different sizes and have differently shaped bodies.

In the future I hope to set up an alternative health clinic which will involve myself as an acupuncturist but perhaps other people as well. I’d like to work with people who provide treatments such as rubbing (按摩) and pressing people’s feet in a special way to help them relax and feel well. I’d like to set it up somewhere in the countryside, where people could feel free from the stress of life.

1. The author decides to learn acupuncture         .

A．when he was teaching in China

B．when he was studying in college

C．after he came back to his mother country

D．after he discovered an acupuncture school

2. What does the author think of acupuncture?

A．It prevents disease.

B．It treats people as a whole.

C．It has an immediate effect.

D．It helps improve people’s lives.

3. The acupuncture course the author took was         .

A．time-consuming and challenging

B．learner-centered and effective

C．difficult but interesting

D．painful but helpful

4. What do the underlined words “other people” in the last paragraph refer to?

A．Other acupuncturists.

B．Other alternative therapists.

C．Other doctors who use Western medicine.

D．Other people who want to escape fro stress.

3 . Everybody should have some level of first aid ability, because accidents and medical emergencies can happen anywhere at any time. St John First Aid courses give you the knowledge and confidence to provide effective first aid whenever it’s needed.
First Aid Level 1
Ideal(理想的) for anyone who wants to learn basic first aid or needs to renew their first aid qualification. Courses can be held at St John or your workplace.
Fee: $162(includes GST)
Duration(持续时间): Eight hours
First Aid Level 2
Includes all course content from First Aid Level One, plus an additional half day. Ideal for special first aiders, health and safety managers and anyone who needs a first aid qualification.
Fee: $235(includes GST)
Duration: 12 hours
Pre-Hospital Emergency Care (PHEC)
Advanced training for first aiders who already hold unit standards 6400 and 6402. Ideal for people who require advanced first aid skills or a pre-hospital emergency care (PHEC) qualification for their work.
Fee: $635(includes GST)
Duration: Three days
Child First Aid
Ideal for parents, grandparents and other family caregivers. A recognized qualification for childcare workers.
Fee: $65(includes GST)
Duration: Four hours
Outdoor First Aid
First aid response for accidents and medical emergencies in the wilderness. For groups of eight or more.
Duration: One to two days depending on experience
Sports First Aid
First aid response for common sporting injuries and medical emergencies. Includes ACC injury prevention advice.
Duration: Eight hours.
1. If you want to learn basic first aid at St John, you must ________.

A．know a little about first aid

B．take the course at your workplace

C．have a first aid qualification

D．spend eight hours on the course

2. Pre-Hospital Emergency Care teaches people ________.

A．special first aid skills

B．advanced first aid skills

C．first aid in childcare

D．injury prevention advice

3. The main purpose of the text is to ________.

A．introduce the courses about first aid

B．teach people knowledge of first aid

C．change people’s attitude to first aid

D．let people renew their first aid qualification

6 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is an ancient health care system in which patients     1     (treat) with natural plant, animal, and mineral remedies (药物). It is believed, for a person to be healthy,     2     yin and yang forces should be in balance. Imbalance causes illness or injury. TCM is about restoring the balance between yin and yang forces in     3     (patient). It has been a major part of traditional Chinese culture and continues to play     4     vital role in medical treatment in China today.

According to the World Health     5     (organize), nearly 80 percent of the world’s population depends for     6     (it) primary health care needs on medicines from plants and animals. This is especially true in countries where traditional Chinese medicines are     7     (wide) used.

Increasingly, however, modern medicines also contain substances     8     animals and plants. Given the growing populations, increasing wealth, and the spreading popularity of natural remedies throughout the world, the demand for these useful medicines and remedies     9     (rise) now. The rising demand,     10     (combine) with reduced habitat, has put a number of plant and animal species used for medicinal purposes at risk for many years.

For instance, TCM uses about 1,000 plant and 36 animal species, including the tiger, rhinoceros (犀牛), and sea horse, which are all in danger.

7 . 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

The health-care economy is filled with unusual and even unique economic relationships. One of the least understood involves the peculiar roles of producer or “provider” and purchaser or “consumer” in the typical doctor-patient relationship. In most sectors of the economy, it is the seller who attempts to attract a potential buyer with various appealing factors of price, quality, and use, and it is the buyer who makes the decision. Such condition, however, is not common in most of the health-care industry.

In the health-care industry, the doctor-patient relationship is the mirror image of the ordinary relationship between producer and consumer. Once an individual has chosen to see a physician — and even then there may be no real choice — it is the physician who usually makes all significant purchasing decisions: whether the patient should return “next Wednesday”, whether X-rays are needed, whether drugs should be prescribed, etc. It is rare that a patient will challenge such professional decisions or raise in advance questions about price, especially when the disease is regarded as serious.

This is particularly significant in relation to hospital care. The physician must certify the need for hospitalization, determine what procedures will be performed, and announce when the patient may be discharged. The patient may be consulted about some of the decisions, but in general it is the doctor’s judgments that are final. Little wonder then that in the eye of the hospital it is the physician who is the real “consumer”. As a consequence, the medical staff represents the “power center” in hospital policy and decision-making, not the administration.

Although usually there are in this situation four identifiable participants— the physician, the hospital, the patient, and the payer (generally an insurance carrier or government)— the physician makes the essential decisions for all of them. The hospital becomes an extension of the physician; the payer generally meets most of the bills generated by the physician/hospital, and for the most part the patient plays a passive role. We estimate that about 75-80 percent of health-care choices are determined by physicians, not patients. For this reason, the economy directed at patients or the general is relatively ineffective.

1. The author’s primary purpose in writing this passage is to ________.

A．urge hospitals to reclaim their decision-making authority

B．inform potential patients of their health-care rights

C．criticize doctors for exercising too much control over patients

D．analyze some important economic factors in health-care

2. It can be inferred that doctors are able to determine hospital policies because ________.

A．most of patient’s bills are paid by his health insurance

B．it is doctors who generate income for the hospital

C．some patients might refuse to take their physician’s advice

D．a doctor is ultimately responsible for a patient’s health

3. According to the author, when a doctor tells a patient to “return next Wednesday”, the doctor is in fact ________.

A．advising the patient to seek a second opinion

B．warning the patient that a hospital stay might be necessary

C．instructing the patient to buy more medical services

D．admitting that the first visit was ineffective

4. The author is most probably leading up to ________.

A．a proposal to control medical costs

B．a study of lawsuits against doctors for malpractice

C．an analysis of the cause of inflation (通货膨胀) in the US

D．a discussion of a new medical treatment

8 . A 12-year-old with end stage cancer, the child’s parents had recently moved her from the hospital to her home in the suburbs of Los Angeles. Some days later the girl’s breath quickened, and her father phoned the family’s hospice nurse. Please come, he said.

The nurse knew the visit would require more than four hours of her time: a two-hour drive in each direction, plus her time with the girl. Why don’t we connect over FaceTime, she asked. The father agreed, and they connected.

The nurse asked the father to move his daughter gently to her side, then to her back, to lift the child’s shirt. The nurse would ask: What do you see, what concerns you, and the father would explain. In this fashion the pair examined the girl --- the nurse on her computer, the father his iPad. Together they decided that the nurse’s presence was not necessary, that the child had more time.

Later, the father reported feeling comforted by the nurse. He appreciated her availability, the fact that she could see what he saw, and their ability to discuss it in real time.

Telemedicine has become a trend in America. Some hospitals have gone so far as to specially design telemedicine clinics. The room is staged like an office but with better lighting. There’s a nice desk for the clinician to sit behind, a computer situated stage left, and books in the background. A physician taking a video call from home might wear a pair of headphones, equipped with a mic --- to ensure whatever the patient says isn’t broadcast to anyone off-camera.

However, there is something more than the technology bit. According to David, the head of the telemedicine pilot the girl’s family had been part of, there are some people who are great in person and you put them on camera they’re a dead fish. “Some physicians are camera shy. For others, the physical isolation can actually help them be more empathetic.” He adds.

“My experience is that, once you get past some initial hurdles, you can maintain an intimate, immediate connection with patients that in some cases may be more useful than even in-person interactions,” David says.

1. Why did the nurse suggesting connecting via FaceTime?

A．Because she was not allowed to leave her clinic.

B．Because she had to take care of other patients in the clinic.

C．Because it took too much time on her way to patient’s home.

D．Because the father didn’t pay for her fare of transportation.

2. How did the father think of the telemedicine service?

A．He doubted the quality of the service.

B．He thought highly of the service.

C．He insisted the service be improved.

D．He challenged the authority of the nurse.

3. What do we know about the rooms for telemedicine?

A．Better air conditioners are provided for a comfortable environment.

B．Mics are equipped to protect privacy of patients.

C．Professional books are in place for immediate consultation.

D．The room with a computer is situated in the doctor’s home.

4. What challenges may clinicians face in telemedicine?

A．They are afraid of being isolated from patients.

B．They could not examine the patients carefully.

C．They are required to deal with in-person interactions.

D．They may not feel quite themselves in front of a camera.

9 . 阅读下列应用文及相关信息，并按照要求匹配信息。请在答题卡上将对应题号的相应选项字母涂黑。
请先阅读几所大学所提供的健康医疗教育项目：

A.		Argosy University Our postgraduate degree level education provides the knowledge and tools to create successful and meaningful careers.
B.		Kaplan University Our university offers comprehensive training in health care to prepare you for a career in the health sciences, corrections, or private security.
C.		Everest College Through our online degree program, you can gain the necessary skills to join the health care industry. It is designed to prepare you for a career in the health sciences.
D.		Sanford-Brown College SBC is dedicated to providing innovative programs that enable students the opportunity to gain professional skills by practicing in our health care center before they work.
E.		Rasmussen College The Healthcare Management Bachelor of Science degree at our College will give students the education and practical experience they need to work as administrators.
F.		Brown Mackie University The Health & nursing programs are designed to provide students with the education needed to enter health and nursing careers.

下面是几位需要医学教育的学生，请为他们选择适合他们就读的大学：
1. My family immigrated when I was still studying my healthcare courses in a local medical college. So I had to give up my bachelor degree and moved with them. Now I hope to find a college that offers the degree education on the Internet and realize my dream of being a doctor.
2. When I looked after my mother in the hospital ten years ago, I was moved by what the nurses did. They devoted themselves into helping every patient get through the hard time. Since then, I have been determined to take up nursing career, and now, the time is coming.
3. When studying in the university, my professor often told me that it was impossible for me to get every problem solved just with the knowledge in textbooks. It makes me realize I should look for a health care center where I can learn practical skills and gain more experience.
4. After graduating from a medical college and get my bachelor degree five years ago, I became a doctor in a big local health care center. However, I find modern medical research developing fairly rapidly, so I hope to start my postgraduate degree study in a university and serve the people here better.
5. Being a retired doctor, my father always hopes that I can continue his career. I know a doctor can help lots of people, but in fact, my favorite job is managing, no matter in a company, an institution or an organization. So maybe learning how to manage a hospital can satisfy both of us.

10 . Lisa Pina never thought she would need the fire safety training she received during her apprenticeship(学徒期) as a union painter and dry waller(筑墙工). On Friday morning, she was thanking God she had it.

On Thursday night, while Pina was babysitting her granddaughter, nephew and two nieces in her sister’s apartment, she smelled smoke and realized the apartment building was on fire. When her 4-year-old granddaughter Ilean Garcia began saying, “We’re going to die,” she knew she had to act. Pina, 39, first sealed the door, and then told all four children to get on the floor. After calling 911, she told the children to start singing and promised them all treats as soon as they reached safety. “I said, ‘OK, we’re going to lie down and we’re all going to play a game,’” Pina said. “We all started singing our ABCs and 123s. I was just trying to make it fun.” Pina patiently waited, and a few minutes later, Riverside County sheriff’s deputies (治安官的助手) arrived. Pina, Ilean, 8-year-old Gabriel Parga, 5-year-old Aubreyana Parga and 4-year-old Meriyah Parga were all trapped on the second floor as flames filled the first story. Pina did the only thing she could. She opened the window and dropped the children, one-by-one, into the arms of the sheriff’s deputies about 15 to 20 feet below. “I just needed to keep the kids calm so they wouldn’t be afraid,” Pina said. “I was deathly afraid inside, but I couldn’t let them know that.” Not long after dropping the children out of the window, fire-fighters arrived with a ladder and rescued her. Ten people were treated at the scene for suffering smoke, but nobody was seriously injured.

1. What is the passage mainly about?

A．A big fire without serious injury.

B．An urgent call 911.

C．A brave babysitter.

D．A babysitter rescuing kids from a big fire.

2. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 1 mean?

A．A union painter.	B．A dry waller.
C．The apprenticeship.	D．The fire safety training.

3. What did Lisa Pina do before she called 911，in order to prevent the fire?

A．She let children get on the floor.

B．She opened the windows of the second floor.

C．She had children start singing.

D．She closed the door hard.

4. What do we know according to the passage?

A．The fire didn’t cause any injury.

B．Lisa Pina was the last one to be rescued.

C．The children were sent to hospital after the fire.

D．During the fire Lisa Pina wasn’t afraid at all.