Spencer’s parents taught him basic first aid when he was young. One day, Spencer saw a boy     1     on the ground. The boy’s     2     was badly injured. Several people had stopped to help. Spencer used a cloth to     3     the bleeding and used his own T-shirt to make the boy s arm stable. Spencer showed someone how to apply pressure to the boy’s wounds and talked to him to keep him     4    . When the ambulance arrived, the medical workers     5     Spencer for his good work. If Spencer had not acted so quickly, the boy would have been in even greater     6    . By the next day, the whole school heard about what had happened. Spencer’s parents were very     7     of their son for his good work in the face of an emergency.

If you find someone cut,     1     (不要惊慌). (A knowledge of how to treat cuts can make a big difference)     2     (用强调句升级加黑体部分).

Firstly, for a simple cut, it is only necessary to wash the area of the cut, dry it and cover it with a piece of loose clean cloth. Besides, if the person     3     (正大量出血),    4     (急需按住伤口止血). That is because if a person loses one third of his or her blood,he or she may die.     5     (如果必要的话，马上把患者送往医院).

8 . Ms. McIntyre, 38, worked as a publisher. She suffered brain cancer and her health got worse despite some medical treatment. But she realized that in a way, she was luckier than some other people. She had insurance to help pay for her medical care. But Ms. McIntyre and her husband, Mr. Gregory, knew that many people with cancer face tough decisions because of the costs of medical care and wind up owing far more than they can pay.

Though her health was failing, Ms. McIntyre decided to help pay off the medical debts of as many people as she possibly could. The couple began donating money to a group called RIP Medical Debt, which is committed to working to pay off the unpaid medical debts of others. The group can pay off medical bills for about 100 times less money than they cost. In other words, for every 100 donated, the group can pay off 10,000 in unpaid medical bills.

Unfortunately, Ms. McIntyre passed away before long. Mr. Gregory posted a message for Ms. McIntyre on her social media accounts. “If you’re reading this, I have passed away,” the post began. Then the post explained, “To celebrate my life, I’ve arranged to buy up others’ medical debts and then destroy the debts.”

The couple had set up a page on a website to raise money for this purpose. They had hoped to raise about $20,000. Nevertheless, Ms. McIntyre’s last post attracted a lot of attention. The donations on her web page quickly passed the total goal. In less than a week, the site had raised 10 times more than expected and the donations are still coming in. By November 22, 2023, Ms. McIntyre’s web page had raised over $627,000, or enough money to pay off about $60 million in medical debts.

Mr. Gregory planned a special event in December to celebrate Ms. McIntyre’s life and to announce how many millions of dollars of medical debts her efforts had paid for.

9 . People at risk of a heart attack or stroke could benefit from blood­pressure­lowering drugs even if their blood pressure is considered in the normal, healthy range. If such drugs were offered to people with cardiac (心脏的) risks regardless of their blood pressure at the beginning of treatment it could save millions of lives, researchers in Oxford University found.

For the study, the team analyzed more than 120 medical trials including around 600,000 people conducted over two decades, saying their findings are a call for an urgent review of existing blood pressure treatment guidelines. “Our findings clearly show that treating blood pressure to a lower level could greatly reduce the risk of cardiovascular (心血管的) disease, if widely conducted,” said study lead author Kazem Rahimi.

High blood pressure has long been identified as a factor in higher risks of heart disease and strokes, and makes more than a billion people around the globe in torment — including one out of three US adults.

Blood pressure is recorded in millimeters of mercury (mmHg) as two numbers in a ratio: “systolic” pressure inside the arteries (动脉) when the heart beats as the top number, and “diastolic (舒张的)” pressure between heartbeats, as the heart rests and is refilled with blood. “Normal” blood pressure is considered at 120/80 or below, and is considered “high” at 140/90 or above, according to the American Heart Association. The researchers said their study showed that for every reduction in systolic pressure of 10 mmHg, the risk of heart attacks was reduced by a fifth and that of a stroke around a quarter.

Some experts said they thought the study’s findings were important but did offer some warnings. “One important warning is that not everyone will be able to tolerate having their blood pressure reduced to low levels, and there is a need to balance possible drug side effects and likely benefits,” Smeeth said.