1 . These days, more people in Denmark are surviving serious heart attacks. Some of that good news is thanks to a smartphone app called Heartrunner.

Many heart attacks happen when people are not near doctors. The most serious type of heart attack is when the heart stops. In Denmark, the survival rate for people whose heart had stopped when they were not near doctors used to be 4%. In the past 20 years, it has risen to 16%. Denmark has seen a dramatic change in survival from heart attacks after it began recruiting (招募) volunteers and arming some of them with smartphone technology.

Denmark’s emergency number is 112. Call center workers can use Heartrunner to contact up to 20 volunteers within 1.1 miles of an emergency. Workers also send out an ambulance. They often tell the caller how to start CPR. Heartrunner sends an alert (警报) to volunteers. It asks, “Can you run?” If a person says yes, the app sends the address. If there is an AED nearby, the app tells volunteers where to find it.

More than 100,000 people in Denmark volunteer for Heartrunner. About 75% of them are not health care workers. That’s OK, said expert Freddy Lippert. “The patient is dead, and if you don’t do anything, nine out of 10 will be dead forever. The faster CPR begins, the better the chance of restarting the heart. In Denmark, everyday people responded faster than professionals to more than four in 10 heart attacks.”

Erik Kaxe, 81, lives in a small Danish town. Recently, his heart stopped. His wife called 112. The ambulance was sent. And the Heartrunner alert went out. Within minutes, 10 strangers who lived nearby showed up at their house. The ambulance came 17 minutes after the call. So many helpers showed up that they were able to do far more than just CPR. When the ambulance showed up, Kaxe was breathing again. He lived and is now back at home.

“Dying wasn’t difficult” he said. “But waking up is.”

1. What do the numbers mentioned in paragraph 2 show?

A．Heartrunner has raised a lot of concern.

B．Heartrunner has made a big difference in Denmark.

C．An increasing number of people have suffered heart attacks.

D．Danish doctors have successfully improved heart attack survival rates.

2. How does Heartrunner work?

A．It calls 112 immediately.	B．It contacts an ambulance.
C．It sends helpers to victims.	D．It sends alerts to AED owners.

3. What can we infer from Freddy Lippert’s words?

A．Every minute counts for victims.	B．Ambulances respond slowly in Denmark.
C．There is a serious lack of health care workers.	D．Volunteers for Heartrunner should be professionals.

4. Why does the author mention Kaxe?

A．To tell a touching story.	B．To remind us to value life.
C．To show how Heartrunner saves lives.	D．To teach us how to use the life-saving app.

2 . In recent years, advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) have brought both excitement and concerns to various fields. One area where AI is making a profound impact is the medical field, particularly in the domain of diagnostics.

Al-powered diagnostic systems leverage deep learning algorithms to analyze medical images, such as X-rays, MRIs, and CT scans. These algorithms can detect subtle patterns and anomalies that might be missed by human radiologists, potentially leading to earlier and more accurate diagnoses.

However, the integration of AI in medical diagnostics raises complex ethical questions. For instance, who should be held responsible if an AI system misdiagnoses a patient’s condition? Should AI algorithms be treated as medical professionals, with legal and liability implications? These questions become even more intricate when considering that AI systems learn from vast datasets of medical information, which might contain biases or inaccuracies.

Furthermore, the adoption of AI diagnostics could impact the role of healthcare professionals. Some argue that AI could enhance doctors’ capabilities by providing them with additional insights, while others fear that it might replace human expertise, leading to job losses and a potential decrease in the quality of patient care. Despite these challenges, proponents of AI diagnostics emphasize its potential to improve healthcare accessibility, especially in underserved regions where there is a shortage of skilled medical professionals. Al-powered diagnostics could provide preliminary assessments and recommendations, helping to bridge the gap between patients and healthcare providers.

1. What is the primary advantage of AI-powered diagnostic systems in the medical field?

A．They provide additional insights to doctors.

B．They replace the need for human radiologists.

C．They analyze medical images using deep learning algorithms.

D．They focus on detecting visible patterns in medical images.

2. What is a potential ethical concern regarding AI in medical diagnostics?

A．The potential for AI algorithms to replace human doctors.

B．The reliability of AI algorithms in analyzing medical images.

C．The legal responsibility for misdiagnoses made by AI systems.

D．The biased data used for training AI algorithms.

3. How might the integration of AI diagnostics impact healthcare professionals?

A．AI could enhance doctors’ expertise and skills.

B．AI could lead to job losses in the medical field.

C．AI could decrease the quality of patient care.

D．AI could replace human doctors completely.

4. What potential benefit of AI diagnostics is highlighted in the text?

A．AI diagnostics could decrease the quality of patient care.

B．AI diagnostics could primarily serve regions with sufficient medical professionals.

C．AI diagnostics could bridge the gap in healthcare accessibility.

D．AI diagnostics could replace the need for skilled radiologists.

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In the 1940s, China     1     (report) 30 million cases of malaria (疟疾) each year. In the 1950s, Chinese health authorities began introducing measures to treat and prevent the disease. Now, after a 70-year campaign and more than four years of zero new cases, China is officially malaria free,     2     (recognize) by the World Health Organization (WHO).

The WHO gives malaria-free certificates (证明) to countries when they have presented that they’ve stopped nationwide spread     3     at least three continuous years. Countries also need to have monitoring and reacting systems in place     4     can prevent indigenous cases of the disease from coming back — indigenous in this case meaning infected (感染)     5     (local) from a native mosquito. Forty countries and regions     6     (give) the certificate so far, according to the WHO.

In the 1970s, through a government project, Chinese scientist Tu Youyou discovered artemisinin, the most     7     (power) anti-malaria drug.     8     breakthrough, based on traditional Chinese medicine, led to a Nobel Prize for Tu in 2015. “Over many decades, China’s ability     9     (think) outside the box served the country well in its own     10     (respond) to malaria, and also had a significant effect globally,” notes Dr. Pedro Alonso, Director of the WHO Global Malaria Programme.