Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is gaining global popularity. According to a government white paper, TCM has been introduced in 183 countries and regions around the world.
Westerners’ understanding of TCM, however, may be limited to acupuncture, cupping and massage(针灸，拔罐和按摩). For instance, the purple, injury-like marks left on U. S. swimmer Michael Phelps, back from cupping for the purpose of relaxing his muscles and reducing pain became the center of attention during the Rio Olympics in2016.
As a matter of fact, Chinese herbs play a more important role in getting rid of diseases and keeping the body in good condition in the TCM treatment system than physical treatment. It is therefore disheartening to know that while 103 World Health Organization member countries have given approval to the practice of acupuncture, not many recognize Chinese herbal medicine. TCM falls far behind Western medicine owing partly to the slow development of Chinese herbs.
Herbs are made into pills, powder and soup, and the kind of herbs used, their quality and quantity, and the processing of the ingredients(原材料)jointly determine the effectiveness of the prescription. Compared with Western medicine, which has standardized drug production processes and treatment methods, TCM lacks standardization, with the chemical composition and functions of its medicines being unclear and their effects being unstable. Fortunately, standardization has improved in recent decades, with an increasing number of factories producing patented TCM drugs.
Another factor that has prevented the development of TCM prescription drugs is the lack of creativity. While Western medicine-making companies come up with new products every year, TCM drug producers tend to make medicines according to prescriptions handed down from the past. Chinese chemist Tu Youyou’s winning the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for her research into malaria(疟疾)treatment may drive creativity to some extent in China’s TCM industry. However, the current state of affairs cannot be changed within a short time.
1. Why does the author mention the example of Michael Phelps?| A．Because he was injured in his swimming. |
| B．Because cupping is a kind of important TCM treatment. |
| C．Because westerners know a little about TCM. |
| D．Because westerners attach great importance to TCM. |
| A．Because Chinese herbs can get rid of diseases. |
| B．Because they only approve the practice of acupuncture. |
| C．Because Western medicine is more effective. |
| D．Because medicine made out of Chinese herbs develops slowly. |
| A．The methods of planting herbs. | B．The effectiveness of prescription. |
| C．Lacking in standardization. | D．Its stable functions. |
| A．medicine-making companies lack creativity |
| B．prescriptions are got from the past |
| C．Western companies are more experienced |
| D．medicine-making companies lack driving force |
相似题推荐
1. The writer thinks that_____.
| A．health is more important than wealth |
| B．work is as important as studies |
| C．medicine is more important than pleasure |
| D．nothing is more important than money |
| A．without examining the patient |
| B．after he has examined the patient |
| C．if the patient doesn’t take medicine |
| D．unless the patient feels pain |
| A．was a heavy smoker | B．didn’t smoke so much |
| C．didn’t smoke | D．began to learn to smoke |
| A．The doctor usually tests his/her blood pressure when a person is ill. |
| B．The man told the doctor he couldn’t remember things. |
| C．The man thanked the doctor. |
| D．The man didn’t follow the doctor’s advice. |
【推荐2】“I never thought that I would beat the tumor.” says a cancer patient in Lanzhou in Northwest China’s Gansu province. The man adds that he is particularly grateful for heavy ion therapy he received, at a follow-up visit following several rounds of treatment revealing that his cancer cells had disappeared.
A research team from the Institute of Modern Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences has developed the country’s first medical heavy ion accelerator with independent intellectual property rights, and put it into clinical application. Cancer treatments employing heavy ion accelerators can bombard a target with high-energy electrons to kill cancer cells. Compared to traditional therapy such as radiation, heavy ion treatment is considered to be more balanced, exposing healthy cells to less radiation. The treatment period is shorter and the therapy can more effectively control cancer cells.
In 1993, researchers proposed to carry out basic research on heavy ion cancer treatment during an academic conference held in Tianshui, Gansu. In 2006, China followed the United States, Japan and Germany to become the fourth country to successfully carry out heavy ion clinical treatment, when four cancer patients participated in preliminary clinical trials for heavy ion therapy. In 2015, China’s first such accelerator, with independent intellectual property rights, rolled off the production line in Wuwei, in Gansu. On March 26, 2020, the accelerator was put into operation, and by the end of June this year, more than 750 patients completed their therapy at Wuwei’s heavy ion treatment center, with remarkable curative effects. The follow-up statistics showed that the three-year local tumor control rate reached 84 percent among 46 clinical trial participants.
Heavy ion therapy is highly effective in treating a wide range of solid tumors and can be used in cases where surgery is not possible or unsuitable, when a patient is sensitive to conventional radiation therapy, or prone to relapse following such therapy. This includes tumors located in the central nervous system, head, neck, skull base, chest and abdomen. So far there have been several cases where people have recovered from cancers by the therapy.
1. Why is the man in para.1 mentioned?| A．To celebrate a successful treatment. | B．To bring up a new kind of therapy. |
| C．To show his cancer cells had disappeared. | D．To show the man is brave and lucky. |
| A．China is the first country to carry out heavy ion clinical treatment. |
| B．In 2006, the United States, Japan and Germany successfully carried out heavy io n clinical treatment. |
| C．Heavy ion cancer treatment is more beneficial to patients than traditional therapies such as radiation. |
| D．Heavy ion cancer treatment is of great help in treating a certain kind of tumor. |
| A．The time of the heavy ion cancer treatment. |
| B．The reason why researchers develop heavy ion cancer treatment. |
| C．Persons benefiting from heavy ion cancer treatment. |
| D．The development of heavy ion cancer treatment in China. |
| A．To give some successful examples of the new treatment |
| B．To explain the process of the new treatment. |
| C．To show the difficulty of the new treatment. |
| D．To conclude the value of the new treatment. |
【推荐3】For the first time, the World Health Organization (WHO) has included Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) in its globally influential medical collections, according to an international science journal.
An article published by Nature on Wednesday said that TCM would be included in the latest International Classification of Diseases (ICD). Starting from the 1800s, the ICD has been improved and published in a series of editions, reflecting the progress in health and medical science over time. It serves as the foundation for the identification of global health trends, and the international standard for diseases and health conditions.
The latest ICD is based largely on the work of the International Classification of Traditional Medicine (ICTM) project’s experts from around the world. These experts had been working on traditional medicine research for years.
China has been promoting the modernization of TCM and pushing TCM to gain acceptance worldwide. Tu Youyou, a Chinese expert focusing on the scientific study of drugs and medicines, was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2015 for her research in TCM. Her discovery has saved millions of lives in developing countries in South Asia, Africa and South America. TCM is sure to grow in popularity globally.
Though the application of TCM and other traditional medical practices has been on the rise, there’s still a shortage of global terminology(术语) tools for traditional medicine, according to officials of the WHO.
“The decision is to push the safe and effective use of traditional medicine by regulating, researching and combining traditional medicine products, practitioners and practices into health systems,” the WHO was quoted as saying by Nature.
1. What can we learn about the ICD from Paragraph 2?| A．It provides the standard for diseases worldwide. |
| B．It has a history of over 300 years. |
| C．It is published in various languages. |
| D．It has included TCM. |
| A．To show the worldwide popularity of TCM. |
| B．To show Chinese people deserve the Nobel Prize. |
| C．To introduce a breakthrough in the medical field. |
| D．To prove TCM’s gaining worldwide acceptance. |
| A．The classification of TCM. | B．The standard of TCM terms. |
| C．The application of TCM. | D．The official promotion of TCM. |
| A．Lifestyle. | B．Health. |
| C．Opinion. | D．Tech. |
【推荐1】In most countries, cigarette packages display images or texts that warns smokers of the increased risks of heart attacks, cancer and so on that accompany lighting up. Many of these risks are associated with the inhalation of tobacco smoke through the mouth. But what is less often spotlighted is the effect smoking can have on the surface of the eyes.
Smoking has been tied to age-related blindness and severe vision loss worldwide. But these changes occur in inner regions of the eye. Now researchers have discovered how cigarette smoke and aerosols (气溶胶) from heated tobacco devices also kill cells in the eye’s most exposed layer: the cornea (眼角膜).
In the new study published online in September, Otsu and his colleagues reported that the compounds in cigarette smoke kills cells in a critical outer layer of corneal tissue called the corneal epithelium (角膜上皮).
The researchers exposed lab-grown corneal epithelium cells to cigarette smoke extract — a solution (溶液) that contains most of the ingredients inhaled by cigarette smokers. They found that after 24 hours of exposure, more cells died in the containers compared with cells that were not exposed to smoke or tobacco. Taken together, these signs indicated that exposing corneal cells to the tobacco products had caused a form of cell death.
It starts when compounds in the tobacco products make contact with the corneal cells, which leads ferritin (铁蛋白) inside the cells to start breaking down and releasing stored iron, Otsu explains. Some of this iron stays together and reacts to produce chemicals that can harm cells. Normally the cells’ repair systems can cope with these chemicals, but when too many accumulate, they damage fats in cells, triggering the cells to die.
Because the study involved cell cultures rather than live human eyeballs, the researchers are not yet able to say how quickly smoking or heated tobacco products damage a person’s corneas. The next steps will involve conducting animal experiments and testing the impact of vaping products on corneal cells, Otsu says.
1. What does the underlined word in paragraph 1 probably mean?| A．breathing in | B．coming out |
| C．breaking down | D．turning off |
| A．Smokers are less likely to suffer from heart attacks and cancer. |
| B．It is not clear whether smoking is associated with severe vision loss. |
| C．Smoking can contribute to the death of cells in the eye’s outer layer. |
| D．Smoking doubles the risk of age-related blindness. |
| A．The meaning of quitting cigarette smoking. |
| B．The process of how tobacco products kill corneal cells. |
| C．The chemicals that are involved in the process. |
| D．The reasons why the researchers conducted the experiment. |
| A．Live human eyeballs will be used in next experiments. |
| B．The speed of the damaging process has been confirmed. |
| C．Further experiments will be conducted on animals. |
| D．The effect of vaping products is the focus of the experiment. |
【推荐2】Many scientists believe our love of sugar may actually be an addiction. When we eat or drink sugary foods, the sugar enters our blood and affects parts of our brain that make us feel good.
“It seems like every time I study an illness and trace a path to the first cause, I find my way back to sugar,” says scientist Richard Johnson. One-third of adults worldwide have high blood pressure, and up to 347 million have diabetes. Why? “
Our bodies are designed to survive on very little sugar. Early humans often had very little food, so our bodies learned to be very efficient in storing sugar as fat. In this way, we had energy stored for when there was no food. But today, most people have more than enough.
So what is the solution? It’s obvious that we need to eat less sugar.
But there are those who are fighting back against sugar.
| A．We take in more energy and fat. |
| B．Then the good feeling goes away, leaving us wanting more. |
| C．Our ancestors were used to poor food, clothing and shelter. |
| D．So the very thing that once saved us, may now be killing us. |
| E．Sugar, we believe, is one of the reasons, if not the major one. |
| F．The trouble is, in today's world, it's extremely difficult to avoid. |
| G．Many schools are replacing sugary desserts with healthier options like fruit. |
【推荐3】A cup of coffee in the morning sets the world’s workers right, but a new study shows that for trees in tropical forests, a bit of caffeine is just as good. This was found in a direct case-control study of deserted tropical land in Costa Rica, where scientists from the University of Hawaii and ETH-Zurich spread 30 dump truck loads of coffee pulp (咖啡浆) over a 35x 40 meter plot of land. They chose an equal size plot of the same land just next to it as a control area.
People who drink coffee often find that coffee grounds make up the majority of their weekly green coverage of their house. But coffee grounds are naturally acidic, with a pH of less than 5, and therefore aren’t always nutritious for some houseplants or decorative flowers. Tropical soil on the other hand, traditionally containing very poor nutrient amount, can tolerate the coffee’s acidity, it being acidic itself, and contains a variety of plants and microorganisms that live well in low pH environments.
“Our results show that soil carbon and nitrogen were greatly elevated in the coffee pulp compared to control treatment after 2 years,” write the authors in their study led by Dr. Rebecca Cole. Indeed, a report from the British Ecological Society claimed the area treated with pulp became a small forest, with 60% greater canopy (罩篷) coverage reaching 4 times higher than the non-treated area, which mostly remained filled with invasive grasses and weeds.
It’s a significant finding, since coffee is grown mostly in tropical climates, tropical soil tolerates coffee’s acidity, tropical forests are cut down at rates faster than any others, and tropical forests sequester (扣押) more carbon and contain greater biodiversity. It’s a brilliant solution-to enrich tropical lands a countries produce a cash crop. It’s cheap, it’s local, the nutrients match, it gives animals more habitats and pulls more carbon from the atmosphere, and best of all, we can keep drinking that lovely cup of coffee.
1. What can be learned from the first paragraph?| A．Coffee is good for both people and all trees. |
| B．Caffeine can make tropical trees grow better. |
| C．Coffee production can lead to too much waste. |
| D．Most workers like coffee more than other drinks. |
| A．The nutrition contained in coffee. | B．The effect of coffee on plants. |
| C．The truth behind the new study. | D．The process of the study. |
| A．A factory featuring coffee products. | B．A zoo crowded with a few animals. |
| C．A person who hates the taste of coffee. | D．A tropical area with enough green covering. |
| A．They analyzed related studies. | B．They did experiments in a lab. |
| C．They interviewed different people. | D．They compared results in two areas. |
【推荐1】Darius (runner)
I’ve always been sporty, but I was best at football and athletics. When I was 14, I had a trial for a professional football club, but eventually I chose to go down the athletics route instead. My biggest moment came when I got to compete for my country in the youth team and got a medal. It didn’t result in much media attention, though. I’d been hoping some sponsorship would come out of it, because the training doesn’t come cheap. I train at home all winter and then go away for three weeks before the season starts. You’ve got to be really disciplined, though. If friends ask me to go out the night before training, I have to say no. I wish I didn’t, but dedication pays in this sport. The main goal for me is to get to the next Olympics—that would be fantastic.
Gabriel (surfer)
The surfing community is small, so you get to meet the same guys wherever you compete. Professional surfers are very serious and often the best waves are at dawn, so if you’re really going to get anywhere, you have to cut out late-night parties altogether. I don’t mind that so much, but I do love having a lie-in, and I usually have to give that up too. But it’s worth it because without that kind of dedication I might not have won the National Championships last year. And, of course, the sacrifices are worth it in the long run because winning that championship meant I got picked to present a surfing series on TV. I guess I’m a bit of a star now.
Dieter (yacht (帆船) racer)
With five people on a boat together, you have a good laugh. We’re very traditional and we always celebrate a win in great style. If it has been said that we act a bit childishly when we’re out, but we don’t actively go looking for media coverage. Sometimes the reporters actually seem more concerned about where you go out celebrating and what you get up to there than about where you came in the race. I’m away for eight months of the year, so if it is great to get back, go out with my mates from other walks of life and do the things they do. I’m known within the world of sailing, but fortunately I can count the number of times I’ve been recognised in the street on the fingers of one hand, I’d hate to become a star.
Tomas (tennis player)
It’s always a great thing to walk on court and feel that the crowd’s behind you. At the last competition, though, it all got a bit crazy with people crowding around. Despite that, I have to admit that I do still get excited if spotted by fans when I’m out shopping or something. It has its downside though. Tennis players have to travel quite a lot, and in the end that’s why my last girlfriend and I split up, I guess. That was hard, but you’ve got to make sacrifices in any sport; you’ve got to be serious and professional. Actually, it doesn’t really bother me too much. I’m satisfied to concentrate on my game now and catch up on the other things in life once I retired, because, after all, that comes pretty early in this sport.
1. Both Darius and Gabriel think that ________ plays an important role in being a professional athlete.| A．relaxation | B．talent |
| C．media attention | D．self-discipline |
| A．Darius | B．Gabriel | C．Dieter | D．Tomas |
| A．Dieter isn’t that popular in the world of sailing. |
| B．Gabriel won last year’s National Championship. |
| C．Darius had been a professional footballer for several years. |
| D．Tomas doesn’t like his personal life being affected by his career. |
【推荐2】Scientists have discovered a new and renewable source of water on the moon for future explorers in lunar samples from a Chinese mission.
Water was stored in tiny glass beads(珠子) in the lunar dirt where meteorite(陨石) impacts occur. These shiny, multicolored glass beads were in samples returned from the moon by China in 2020. The beads range in size from the width of one hair to several hairs; the water content was just a very small part of that, according to Hui Hejiu of Nanjing University, who took part in the study.
Since there are billions if not trillions of these impact beads, that could amount to substantial amounts of water, but mining it would be tough, according to the team. “Yes, it will require lots and lots of glass beads. There are lots and lots of beads on the moon,” said Hui in an email.
“These beads could continually yield water thanks to the constant bombing by hydrogen in the solar wind. The findings are based on 32 glass beads randomly selected from lunar dirt returned from the Chang’e 5 moon mission. Therefore, more samples will be studied,” said Hui.
These impact beads are everywhere, the result of the cooling of melted material pushed out by incoming space rocks. Water could be got by heating the beads, possibly by future robotic missions. “More studies are needed to determine whether this would be possible, and if so, whether the water would be safe to drink. This shows water can be recharged on the moon surface… a new water reservoir on the moon.” said Hui.
Previous studies found water in glass beads formed by lunar volcanic activities, based on samples returned by the American Apollo moonwalkers more than a half-century ago. These, too, could provide water not only for use by future crews, but for rocket fuel.
1. What can we learn about the glass beads from paragraph 2?| A．They are mainly made up of water. |
| B．They are all shiny and of the same color. |
| C．They are found in lunar samples from a Chinese mission. |
| D．They are of different sizes from one millimeter to several meters. |
| A．Because the beads are too small to see. |
| B．Because the beads are too hard to break. |
| C．Because the temperature of the beads is too high. |
| D．Because the water content in each bead is very small. |
| A．Different factors may lead to the formation of water in the glass beads. |
| B．More studies are needed to know the amount of water found on moon. |
| C．The study on the water found on moon has lasted 50 years in China. |
| D．Water found on the moon can be used to drink and build rockets. |
| A．Glass Beads Will Be Used To Store Water. |
| B．Water Has Been Found In Lunar Glass Beads. |
| C．Scientists Did Research On Water On The Moon. |
| D．China Successfully Took Samples From The Moon. |
【推荐3】Macao is only forty miles from Hong Kong and it is easy to reach. You can get there by sea. It is an interesting place and it has a long history. Macao is part of China and most people living there are Chinese.
The first Europeans in Macao came from Portugal. More than four hundred years ago the Portuguese went there to trade with Chinese. Some settled and made their homes there. They built strong forts(要塞) to guard the city and the harbor. They also built churches, schools, hospitals and other places. Slowly the city grew. People from many other countries came to live and work in Macao.
Today many people live in Macao. Some only go there to watch dog racing or motor racing. But Macao is a quiet and peaceful place. It is pleasant just to walk around and look at the old buildings and forts. You feel you are back in the old days. Of course, some of the buildings are now in ruins. The Church of St. Paul has only the front wall with many steps leading up to it. But it is still interesting to see.
When you are hot and tired, there are small cool gardens to rest in. When you are hungry, there are good restaurants with many kinds of foods. Nearby there are some islands, which are also nice to visit and easy to reach. There is certainly a lot to see and do in Macao.
1. Why is Macao easy to get to?| A．It is an interesting place. |
| B．It is very fast and cheap by sea. |
| C．It is not far away from Hong Kong. |
| D．It is part of China and most people living there are Chinese. |
| A．It is a silent and peaceful place. |
| B．Some of the buildings are now in ruins. |
| C．You can find the old buildings and forts. |
| D．You can watch dog racing or motor racing. |
| A．Portuguese were the first to go to Macao. |
| B．Some Portuguese settled in Macao and made their homes nearly a century ago. |
| C．The city Macao grew slowly. |
| D．People there put up strong forts to defend the city. |
| A．People from many countries come to live and work in Macao. |
| B．Macao is a quiet and peaceful place with a lot to see and do. |
| C．The Portuguese were willing to do business in China. |
| D．People in Macao serve good food. |
