1 . It doesn’t matter when or how much a person sleeps, but everyone needs some rest to stay alive. That’s what all doctors thought, until they heard about Al Herpin. Al Herpin, it was said, never slept. Could this be true ? The doctors decided to see this strange man themselves.

Al Herpin was 90 years old when the doctors came to his home in New Jersey. They thought for sure that he got some sleep of some kind. So they stayed with him and watched every movement he made. But they were surprised. Though they watched him hour after hour and day after day. They never saw Herpin sleeping. In fact, he did not even own a bed. He never needed one.

The only rest that Herpin sometimes got was sitting in a comfortable chair and reading newspapers. The doctors were puzzled by this strange continuous sleeplessness. They found only one answer that might explain his condition. Herpin remembered some talk about his mother having been injured several days before he was born. But that was all. Was this the real reason ? No one could be sure. Herpin died at the age of 94.

1. The main idea of this passage is that _______.

A．large numbers of people do not need sleep

B．a person was found who actually didn’t need any sleep

C．everyone needs some sleep to stay alive

D．people can live longer by trying not to sleep

2. After watching him closely, the doctors came to believe that Al Herpin _______.

A．was too old to need any sleep	B．often slept in a chair
C．needed no sleep at all	D．needed some kind of sleep

3. One reason that might explain Herpin’s sleeplessness was _______.

A．that he hadn’t got a bed

B．that he had gradually got tired of the sleeping habit

C．his mother’s injury before he was born

D．his magnificent physical condition

2 . 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

People are wearing face masks to reduce the risk of infection. It’s a simple but effective method for us to protect    1    (we) from harmful things. In fact, masks have been helping mankind    2    centuries.

In the first century, workers in mines used bladder (膀胱) skins to stop dust from being taken in. This idea    3    (consider) the first recorded mask invention then. In 1848, Lewis patented a protective mask for miners,     4    was a milestone in face mask history. In 1897, Johann designed a mask    5    (compose) of one layer of gauze (纱布),and it was the    6    (origin) surgical mask.

In 1910, a disease broke out in Northeast China. Chinese doctor Wu Liande designed a cheap face mask called “Wu’s mask”. Since then,the materials in masks    7    (continue) to develop for protection. In 2012 when China suffered from smog, mask    8    (model) such as N95 and KN90, which can filter(过滤)out particulate (微粒) matter, became    9    (increase) popular. In 2020, masks are    10    daily necessity in our life, and hopefully the habits of humans will improve constantly.

3 . When it comes to health, everyone wants the best for themselves and their families. You can help prevent the spread of COVID-19 by seeing the latest information from the WHO. What is COVID-19?     1     Many countries have seen cases of COVID-19 and several have seen outbreaks. Experts in China and some other countries have succeeded in slowing or stopping their outbreaks.    2    You can reduce your chances of being infected or spreading COVID-19 by taking some simple measures:

    3     Why? When someone coughs or sneezes they spray small liquid droplets（飞沫）from their nose or mouth which may contain virus. If you are too （dose, you can breathe in the droplets, including the COVID-19 virus if the person has the disease.

Make sure you and people around you, follow good respiratory hygiene （呼吸卫生）.This means covering your mouth and nose with your tissue when you cough or sneeze. Then handle the used tissue immediately and wash your hands. Why?     4     By following good respiratory hygiene,you protect the people around you from viruses such as cold , flu and COVID-19.

Stay home if you feel unwell. If you have a fever, cough and difficulty breathing, seek medical attention and call in advance. Follow the directions of your local health authority. Why? National and local authorities will have the most up to date information on the situation in your area. Calling in advance will allow your health care provider to quickly direct you to the right health facility.     5    

A．Droplets spread virus.

B．People can catch COVID-19 from others who have the virus.

C．What can I do to protect myself and prevent the spread of disease?

D．However, the situation is unpredictable so check regularly for the latest news.

E．Maintain at least 1 metre distance between yourself and anyone who is coughing.

F．It is a infectious disease caused by the most recently discovered coronavirus.

G．This will also protect you and help prevent spread of viruses and other infections.

4 . “That’s funny! These fellows in the middle of the plate have died，” Dr Alexander Fleming was talking to another doctor in a laboratory in London.He had been studying some germs (细菌)that he was growing on a plate.They were very dangerous germs because they caused different kinds of illnesses that could kill people.Dr Fleming found that a mould (霉菌) had floated in through the window landing on the plate.It had killed some of the germs it had touched.

“This certainly looks promising，” Fleming said.“We must grow some of this mould to see if it will kill other germs.”

He named the strange mould “penicillin”．It proved to be a killer of many germs.Fifty mice were given deadly germs and then half of them were injected (注射) with penicillin.The twenty­five untreated mice died，but twenty­four of those that had been treated with penicillin lived.Dr Fleming wrote a report about what he had found out.Hardly anybody took any notice of it.

In 1938 Dr Howard Florey，an Australian working in London, read Dr Fleming’s report and was very interested.He found that penicillin was effective in treating blood poisoning in human beings.

When World War II broke out，it was not possible to make enough penicillin in England.Dr Florey went to America where he helped to have enormous amounts of this wonderful drug made.It saved the lives of thousands of soldiers，sailors and airmen who would have died from their wounds if the hospitals had not had penicillin.

1. Dr Alexander Fleming ______.

A．had been studying a mould which was very dangerous and could kill people

B．had been studying some of the germs on a plate which could cure illnesses

C．had been making experiments on some germs that he was growing on a plate

D．had been making experiments on different germs that could help sick people to get better

2. The reason why the twenty­five mice died was that _______.

A．they had been given deadly germs and had been injected with penicillin

B．they were almost dead ahead of the experiment

C．they were easy to die in the experiment

D．they had been given deadly germs and had not been injected with penicillin

3. In 1938，an Australian working in London named Howard Florey read Dr Fleming’s report and _______.

A．left England for America，making the drug

B．went to America to save the lives of thousands of soldiers，sailors and airmen

C．found penicillin effective in treating blood poisoning in human beings

D．went to America to make this drug for mice

4. The underlined word “enormous” means“ ____ ”．

A．rest	B．appropriate
C．little	D．huge

5 . Head injuries typically come from trauma (创伤) caused by hard or sharp objects. The skull does not have to be broken, but can be. If the skull is soft when touched, or missing, the victim is likely to have an open or depressed skull fracture (骨折). If a skull fracture is suspected, call 911 immediately.

A closed head injury is an injury to the brain inside an undamaged skull. Injury to the brain causes swelling, which quickly increases the pressure within the skull. The increased pressure causes more damage to the brain, which causes more swelling, and so on.

Some types of closed head injury stop the cycle automatically, while others will continue to get worse until the victim dies. The only way to tell the difference is through a CT scan, which looks at the brain and the skull using X-rays.

In all cases of injury to the head and neck, it’s vital not to move the victim at will. Support his or her head in the position you found it. Backbones can be injured from movement of the head during trauma. Broken or displaced backbones can cut or put pressure on the nerves of the spinal cord, causing temporary or permanent inability to move and loss of feeling.

Vomiting (呕吐) can lead to problems with the victim's airway. If the victim begins vomiting and is unconscious, place the victim in the recovery position to let the vomit flow from the victim’s mouth.

It is a misunderstanding that head injury victims should be kept awake. If a victim of trauma to the head does not have any of the signs or symptoms (症状) of a closed head injury or skull fracture，there is no reason to keep him or her awake. Once asleep, wake the victim up about 30 minutes later to make sure he or she can be aroused. If you are unable to wake him or her up. Call 911 immediately.

1. What should we do when seeing a victim with a damaged skull?

A．Call an ambulance right away.

B．Cover him or her with a blanket first.

C．Place him or her in a cool place as soon as possible.

D．Put him or her in the recovery position immediately.

2. What can we infer about closed head injury from the text?

A．It will cause a drop in the pressure within the skull.

B．It is often accompanied by an open skull fracture.

C．It will make the brain swell worse and worse.

D．It can be of different types.

3. According to the author, moving the victims with head injuries at will can__________.

A．cause them to vomit.	B．do further injuries to them.
C．put great pressure on their skulls	D．lead to their permanent loss of memory

4. What does the last paragraph imply?

A．Not all the head-injured people need to stay awake.

B．Not all the vomiting stops naturally 30 minutes later.

C．Not all the victims of trauma to the head will be sleepy.

D．Not all the symptoms of closed head injury are noticeable

6 . The study findings about a new blood test have been published this morning in the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA Cardiology). The study was conducted smoothly and effectively based on their working together with the Canterbury District Health Board (CDHB), New Zealand, and the Christchurch Heart Institute, which is run by the university of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand.

Co-lead author, Associate Professor John Pickering of the University of Otago, says, “When a patient comes to an emergency department (ED) with symptoms that suggest a potential heart attack, present laboratory blood-testing procedures can take 1-2 hours to discover the risk level, but with this new test we can get a result in just fifteen minutes, from the bedside, or ‘point-of-care’, freeing up ED and health care staff. The patient can then either be cleared to leave, or quickly progressed to specialist care. The result proves to be true after later observation and other tests.”

Senior author, and Director of Emergency Medicine Research, Dr Martin Than of the CDHB says present point-of-care tests can lack the precision of this new method that is centered around a measurement of cardiac troponin (肌钙蛋白) in the blood. “Our results have extremely exciting potential for not only EDs, but also remote health care providers—such as those in the countryside. Given the great effect heart disease and other related conditions have on not only New Zealand society but also the international community, we have something that could benefit tens of millions of patients globally,” Dr Than says.

The analysis of this observational study, conducted from 2016 to 2017 at Christchurch Hospital’s emergency department, included about 350 patients with symptoms of a heart attack. “So far our testing has shown that close to fifty percent of patients could have the heart attack safely and precisely excluded (排除……的可能性) soon after arrival at the ED. Wider study is required to be in progress and some other study concerned across ten District Health Boards in New Zealand is planned for next year,” Dr Than says.

1. How did the researchers get the findings?

A．By doing effective teamwork.	B．By observing patients with heart disease.
C．By applying the EDs’ advanced technology.	D．By receiving support from other specialists.

2. Which of the following can best describe the new blood test?

A．Convenient and cheap.	B．Quick and reliable.
C．Convenient but expensive.	D．Quick but risky.

3. What problem does the present point-of-care method face?

A．It spends too much to get medical training.	B．It doesn’t have its own health care staff.
C．It can’t check patients’ blood accurately.	D．It needs money to buy medical equipment.

4. What does Dr. Than mean about the new test in the last paragraph?

A．It is being used globally.	B．It can cure heart disease.
C．It’ll make progress next year.	D．It needs further research.

7 . 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

We are deeply saddened by the passing of Dr. Li Wenliang.

Dr. Li Wenliang, one of the eight “whistleblowers” who tried     1     (warn) fellow medics of     2     novel coronavirus when it first emerged in Wuhan, died early on Friday. Wuhan Central Hospital     3     (confirm) in a statement released on     4     (it) official Weibo account. “Our hospital’s ophthalmologist Li Wenliang was     5     (unfortunate) infected with coronavirus during his work in the fight     6     the coronavirus epidemic,” the statement read,     7     (add) “He died at 2:58 a.m. on February 7 after attempts to resuscitate were unsuccessful.”  “After emergency treatment, Li Wenliang passed away,” the Central Hospital of Wuhan announced on Weibo, China’s version of Twitter. “We deeply regret and mourn Li’s    8     (die).” Dr. Li is a hero,     9     will live in our hearts forever. May God bless all the courageous doctors and nurses     10     (fight) on the front line.

8 . As artificial intelligence (AI) systems become more subtle, we can expect them to be used more often in the world of human medicine and healthcare. AI is designed to imitate the human brain in decision making and learning, so with the computing power to learn tasks in days or even hours, it is possible to create medical AIs that rapidly outperform doctors in certain tasks.

Most of the AI systems working in medicine employ smart algorithms ( 算 法 ), with the machine and   deep learning techniques, and are supported by speech recognition and computer or machine vision to make their decisions. It will be some time before researchers can develop artificial general intelligence systems capable of abstracting knowledge and developing their own experiences to share with other AIs. But firms like Microsoft, Google, Apple,

IBM and Facebook are preparing themselves up to deliver the most advanced AI personalized healthcare possible for patients around the world.

Data plays a hugely important role in helping AI systems learn about human medicine. AI systems are trained on large data sets gathered from real-life cases. Providing amounts of detailed patient information is a decisive factor for their success.

One of the most important areas for influencing global health is in the field of epidemiology ( 流行病学).

Predicting disease outbreaks can save millions of lives by having resources ready should the worst happen. Another field where medical AIs are making rapid advances is in diagnostics. Doctors base a lot of decisions on information from X-ray, CT and MRI images. Speeding up diagnoses from patient scans can rapidly improve patient care and outcomes.

Cardiologist (心脏病医生) Rima Arnaout developed an AI that beat human experts at correctly interpreting echocardiograms by 92 percent to 79 percent. She said that despite the result there is no hope of AI replacing human doctors any time soon. "As cardiologists, we read the images and then go see the patient," she said. "So we’re both reading images and practicing medicine. I don't think that the second piece will be taken over so quickly."

1. The purpose of this text is to introduce ________.

A．the speech recognition of AI systems

B．the computer vision of AI systems

C．the rise of AI systems in medicine

D．the development of AI in tech firms

2. What is the key to making medical AI systems successful?

A．Arriving at decisions.

B．Providing patient data.

C．Predicting disease outbreaks.

D．Speeding up diagnoses.

3. What can we infer from Rima's words?

A．She prefers practicing medicine to reading images.

B．AIs do better than cardiologists in seeing patients.

C．She is confident in the irreplaceable role of human doctors.

D．AIs are unable to read images with current technology.

9 . While testing capacity is gaining ground, the road ahead remains long. The health system has never had to manage testing at the scale needed to control this pandemic, and doing so may require extraordinary solutions, expecting that the gap between testing need and testing capacity will only be wider as states reopen.

Health experts have called for testing well beyond current levels. But increasing capacity will be a challenge at every step in the process.

Step 1

A sample, such as saliva (唾液) or sample from the nose or throat, is collected.

Challenge:

Supplies such as swabs (拭子) and vials (瓶子) are specialized and controlled. This makes the supply chain weak to demand increases. In March, testing was held up by a shortage of swabs.

Step 2

The sample is placed in a solution and delivered to lab technologist.

Challenge:

Workforce is already an issue at many labs Hiring is difficult, as only certified technologists are trained to handle the patient samples.

Step 3

Chemical liquids called reagents (试剂) extract and strengthen the virus’s genetic material.

Challenge:

Labs have faced reagent shortages, and industry groups have already noted that a rise in testing demand has the potential to use up supplies.

Step 4

Machines detect the presence of the virus in a sample.

Challenge:

Dozens of test systems have been FDA approved, but many labs lack the up-front money to invest in the technology and growing up.

1. Which organ will we fail to get a testing sample from?

A．The mouth.

B．The throat.

C．The nose.

D．The ears.

2. What is the challenge for Step 4?

A．Supply shortage.	B．Workforce in demand.
C．Genetic substances.	D．Financial support in advance.

3. What does the passage intend to tell us about?

A．Ways to fight pandemic.	B．Testing capacity for viruses.
C．Roadblocks to testing goals.	D．Efforts to test viruses.

10 . Researchers at the University of Scotland have discovered a protein that can influence viruses developing and even can control cancer. Now the fight is on to fully understand how it works in the hope of turning the laboratory research into a treatment.

The protein is called Hira. Technically it is a histone（组蛋白）complex, but it is easier to understand in terms of what it can do. Three years ago Dr Taranjit Singh Rai and colleagues at the Beatson Cancer Institute and Glasgow University reported that Hira could possibly suppress the division of cells that causes cancer. In the course of that research, Dr Rai found out something unusual. In the lab they have established that the Hira protein has a role to play in the anti-viral fight, thus, making it have a fundamental role to play in fighting against cancer.

The trick in using it to fight diseases may lie in increasing Hira levels in our cells. “I think what researchers might be interested in is how we can increase levels of this protein to deal with the viruses better, Dr Rai said.

Dr Rai has led an international study and support has come from Cancer Research UK and the results are published in the journal Nucleic Acids Research. But there is a major concern that the research is still limited to the laboratory.

It is going to take some time, probably years, before this work can move out of the lab and into clinics and hospitals. But the researchers are excited Hira will one day be the basis of a new approach in medicine.

1. What does the underlined word “suppress" in Paragraph 2 probably mean?

A．Motivate.

B．Monitor.

C．Control.

D．Improve.

2. What can be known from the text?

A．Hira has been used in the medical treatment.

B．More studies should be done on Hira.

C．The levels of Hira in cells are unchangeable.

D．Hira can bring about side effects.

3. What is the researchers' attitude to the future of Hira?

A．Cautious.	B．Optimistic.
C．Disapproving.	D．Doubtful.

4. What's the text mainly about?

A．A new way to use the protein.

B．A new approach to improving the division of cells.

C．A new medicine that can fight diseases.

D．A protein that can stop viruses developing.