1 . 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
1. Why was the man on the roof yesterday?

A．To cool himself.

B．To repair it.

C．To put something on it.

2. How does the woman examine the man?

A．By having an X-ray.

B．By taking his temperature.

C．By looking at his throat and ear.

3. What does the woman advise the man to do?

A．Do more exercise.

B．Get some rest.

C．Drink more water.

4. How often should the man take pills?

A．Three times a day.

B．Twice a day.

C．Once a day.

3 . Researchers at the University of Arizona have been studying the effects of green light therapy on those suffering from migraine (偏头痛). In September, they completed their first clinical study and the results are very encouraging. They found that green light therapy is extremely beneficial to those who suffer from headaches. It not only reduces the intensity of the pain, but it also decreases its frequency by 60 percent, significantly improving patients’ quality of life.

According to the Migraine Research Foundation, migraine is the third most common illness in the world, affecting one billion worldwide, including men, women, and children. Additionally, it is the sixth most disabling illness in the world and more than 90 percent of the sufferers are unable to carry on with their normal activities during their sufferings. And when it is actually treated, medication overuse can lead to episodic (偶尔发生的) migraine turning chronic (慢性的).

According to Science Daily, the recent clinical study included 29 patients who suffer from episodic or chronic migraine. They have tried but failed in several traditional therapies including Botox injections and oral medications. In the study, participants spent two hours at home each day staring at a green-light LED. They did this for ten weeks, reporting the number and intensity of headaches they had.

Dr. Patwardhan, co-author of the study, said that the green light discharged by the LED greatly helps those who do not want to take medicine as well as those who do not respond to medications. “The beauty of this approach is the lack of associated side effects,” Patwardhan explained. But that’s not all. The participants also reported significant improvements in sleep quality and in the ability to perform everyday normal activities such as exercise and work. And none of them reported any side effects.

As the study reveals, green light treatment might be an unprecedented (前所未有的) alternative for migraine sufferers.

1. What can we learn from the research?

A．Migraine sufferers unable to live a normal life makes up about 60%.

B．Episodic migraine can be treated more easily than chronic migraine.

C．Headaches can be relieved by green light.

D．Migraine most frequently happens to adults.

2. What were the 29 participants asked to do in the study?

A．Take some traditional medicine daily for ten weeks.

B．Use a green-light LED the whole night at home for ten days.

C．Receive an injection each day for two months.

D．Look at the green light for two hours per day for 70 days.

3. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “discharged” in Paragraph 4 ?

A．lit up

B．put out

C．taken in

D．sent out

4. What was Patwardhan’s attitude to the new treatment?

A．He thought it had side effects.

B．He agreed it was of great benefit.

C．He worried it might affect sleep.

D．He wondered if it hurt eyes.

4 . Crohn’s disease is a constant source of trouble for sufferers. This long-term condition is commonly found in the small intestine (肠) and the symptoms can include stomachaches, joint pain and weight loss. A new study suggests that there may be a way to change the diet to take control of this difficult-to-treat disease.

One common cause of the condition, which affects as many as 780,000 Americans, is an overactive immune system that considers harmless gut bacteria as dangers and responds by producing inflammation (炎症). The new study suggests that a diet rich in health y fats and oil s such as coconut oil or cocoa butter may lead to specific changes in gut bacteria that could fight harmful inflammation.

Although the research was conducted on mice with a Crohn’s-like disease, the results are the first to show how high-fat diets can change gut bacteria to fight against inflammation, according to lead author Alexander Rodriguez-Palacios, PhD and Assistant Professor of Medicine at CWRU-M. In the study, the mice that were fed even a small amount of coconut oil or cocoa butter were found to have up to 30 percent fewer types of gut bacteria and less severe intestinal inflammation than those fed a typical diet. These findings suggest that there may be a beneficial Crohn’s disease diet that involves taking in “good” fats in normal amounts. Patients can substitute these good fats for other sources in their diets, Dr. Rodriguez-Palacios notes.

Humans and mice share many common genetic features, and by examining mice, scientists can gain valuable understanding about how humans function. However, humans may respond to dietary changes differently and in their own ways. For example, not all so-called good fats will work for all patients, Dr. Rodriguez-Palacios points out. He is hopeful that the diet could be beneficial to at least some patients, and it wouldn’t have the side effects and risks that come with medical treatments. “The trick now will be to really discover what makes a fat ‘good’ or ‘bad’ for Crohn’s patients,” he says.

1. What can be inferred about Crohn’s disease?

A．It’s a major cause of stomachaches.	B．It can damage one’s immune system.
C．It’s considered to be a very rare disease.	D．Doctors haven’t found a good way to treat it.

2. What commonly leads to Crohn’s disease?

A．The diet with too much fat and oil.	B．Harmful gut bacteria in the small intestine.
C．Wrong response of the body to gut bacteria.	D．Poor immune system weakened by diseases.

3. What’s implied in the last paragraph?

A．Further research is needed to help treat Crohn’s disease.

B．It’s easy to find good fats for sufferers of Crohn’s disease.

C．Coconut oil can really help treat Crohn’s disease in humans.

D．The study’s findings are useless to sufferers of Crohn’s disease.

4. What’s the main idea of the text?

A．It’s difficult to find a cure for Crohn’s disease

B．One simple diet change may help with Crohn’s disease

C．Researchers have found the cause of Crohn’s disease

D．More Americans are suffering from Crohn’s disease

5 . An anti-viral gene called BTN3A3 (often found in people’s lungs and breath tracts), which blocks most bird flu from jumping to people, has been identified, helping scientists predict which bird flu viruses could cause outbreaks in humans. The discovery was made by the World Health Organization’s chief scientist, Prof Jeremy Farrar, at the MRC-University Centre for Virus Research.

The team compared how our genes worked when faced with either a human or bird flu virus, and found that BTN3A3 blocked most bird flu viruses, but not the seasonal flu viruses people catch regularly. The study also found that some of the bird flu viruses which have occasionally infected people, such as H7N9, also have genetic mutations (变异) which means they can bypass the blocking effects of BTN3A3. This means the presence of BTN3A3 in a bird flu virus may be a strong signal that it could cause a wider outbreak in people, they said.

“Identifying BTN3A3 resistant variants (免疫变种) when they first appear in birds might help prevent human infections,” said Dr Rute Maria Pinto, the first author of the study. “Now, when we find cases of bird flu, we can basically examine sick birds and find out whether the virus can overcome the BTN3A3 gene, simply by looking at its order and determining if this virus is likely to infect humans,” she said. “If the virus can in fact overcome BTN3A3, then stricter measurements should be put in place to prevent spreading.”

The paper comes after a new type of H5N1 bird flu virus, which transmits easily among wild birds, has caused destruction in animals globally. There have been concerns that the increased spread offers more opportunities for the virus to infect people, especially as more and more mammals (哺乳动物) have been infected. And Prof Massimo Palmarini, a co-author of the report told the BBC that just over 50 percent of virus samples from birds and seven cases in people were resistant to BTN3A3.

1. Why is it important to identify BTN3A3?

A．Because the gene blocks bird flu from infecting humans.

B．Because the gene can prevent bird flu from breaking out.

C．Because the gene often does harm to people’s lungs and breath tracts.

D．Because the gene can forecast the outbreaks of bird flu viruses in humans.

2. What can be inferred from the study in paragraph 2?

A．H7N9 could be widely spread from people to people.

B．Genetic mutations are caused by the block of BTN3A3.

C．People who often catch seasonal flu virus lack BTN3A3.

D．Human flu viruses do greater harm to people than bird flu viruses.

3. What is the main idea of paragraph 3?

A．The way to examine the virus.

B．The significance of identifying BTN3A3.

C．The measurements to prevent virus spreading.

D．The approaches to preventing human infections.

4. What is the attitude of the author to H5N1?

A．He feels worried about it.	B．He thinks nothing of it.
C．He is positive about it.	D．He doesn’t concern it.

6 . 根据情景内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词。
A: Good morning, Dr. Smith.
B: Good morning! What’s     1    ?
A: I have a headache, a running nose and a sore throat.
B: How     2     have you been like this?
A: Ever since last night.
B: Let me take your     3    . Oh, that’s bad. It’s 39℃. You have a high     4    .
A: What should I do?
B: You should drink plenty of water, and     5     the medicine three times a day. Be careful to keep warm.
A: All right. Thank you.

8 . 语法填空

Cholera used to be one of the most feared     1     (disease) in the world. As a young doctor, John Snow became     2     (frustrate) because no one knew how to prevent or treat cholera. Fortunately, we now know how to prevent cholera, thanks     3     the work of John Snow. For this reason, Snow     4     (consider) the father of modern epidemiology.

9 . A man wearing sunglasses grabs the mic and stands in a relaxed posture ready to make the audience laugh. Seeing how easily he moves, one can hardly notice that the stylish comedian, Gao Xiang, has any problems with vision.

Gao was diagnosed with the rare eye disease — Stargardt. Initially, he refused to accept the cruel situation. He kept escaping the fact until 2013, when he could use the computer more efficiently with the help of special programs designed to help visually disabled people . Consequently, he got the courage to be frank about his and found that people didn’t care about the problem as he had imagined. His working ability also helped remove any feelings of inferiority that he had. He tried to become mentally stronger to accept reality and get his life back on track.

Two years ago, he decided to become a full-time stand-up comedian. What has been motivating Gao to be so active in the comedy industry is his eagerness to draw the public’s attention to the disease. “As it is a rare disease, medical institutions and companies might lack the driving force to make great efforts to find a cure,” he says. “I want to unite the patients in China and voice out loud our urgent demands.”

Besides, he and two friends launched a public account on WeChat called Stargardt Care Center, through which they share inspiring stories of people suffering from the eye disorder, instructions for those on how to use computers and translations of foreign essays that explore the possibilities of curing the disease. By now, the account has managed to attract more than 1, 000 Stargardt patients and their family members. And some Non- Governmental Organisations also have got in touch with them to see if they could provide help to the community.

“Stand-up comedy has saved me and enabled me to meet interesting people and do what is worth doing,” Gao says.

1. What does the underlined word “inferiority” in paragraph 2 mean?

A．Being proud.

B．Being bored.

C．Being unconfident.

D．Being modest.

2. What drove Gao to become a comedian?

A．His eagerness for money.	B．His faith in challenging himself.
C．His ability in performance.	D．His desire to fight the disease.

3. What can people do with the Gao’s public account?

A．The visually disabled can learn computer skills.

B．Experts can provide medical help for the patients.

C．Patients can read original articles about the disease.

D．Comedians can post jokes to meet interesting people.

4. Which of the following could best describe Gao Xiang?

A．Sensible and tolerant.	B．Positive and inspiring.
C．Talented and aggressive.	D．Enthusiastic and punctual.

10 . 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
1. What is the man’s problem?

A．He has a backache.

B．He took too many pills.

C．He lost contact with his doctor.

2. Why does Doctor Green break the rule for the man?

A．He is very polite.

B．He is seriously ill.

C．He can’t afford a full checkup.