2 . The Importance of Getting Kids to Be Active

Everyone knows that kids should be physically active and need to exercise regularly to be physically fit.     1    , regular physical activity is considered by most experts to be an important part of a healthy lifestyle. However, that doesn’t mean every child needs to spend four or five hours a day exercising.

How Much Exercise Do Kids Need?

It is recommended that kids should be physically active for at least 60 minutes per day.     2    . For example, if your eight-year-old played soccer for 20 minutes during PE at school and then played basketball with his friends for 40 minutes after school, he would meet the recommendation of 60 minutes of physical activity for that day.

Exercise and Calories

    3    . It can help them build self-respect, sleep better, have more energy, and reduce depression. And as most people know, along with a healthy diet, regular exercise is the best way to lose weight and prevent childhood obesity (肥胖). Since your child is not likely to get his exercise using exercise equipment, it can be hard to always tell how many calories he is burning while exercising.     4    , as long as your child is getting his 60 minutes or more of physical activity each day and maintaining a healthy diet.

Youth Exercise and Fitness

Remember that kids, even teens, don’t usually stick with exercise programs.     5    . Instead, kids do better with lifestyle exercise programs, such as active free play and organized team sports.

A．Fortunately, it doesn’t matter

B．Regular exercise is good for kids

C．So they will be able to burn even more calories

D．That’s why you don’t see many kids in health clubs

E．Whether they are overweight or at a healthy weight

F．If your child is very active and is still gaining weight

G．But that doesn’t have to be 60 minutes of continuous activity

3 . When 36-year-old Andy Duran decided to return to his favorite high school hobby-skateboarding— in January 2021，the only problem he expected to run into was his own ability to get back into the sport after the long break. However, the 340-pound skateboarder from Oakland, California, soon realized that was the least of his problems.

Duran’s problems began before he even stepped on a skateboard. “I couldn’t find any resources (资源) for fat skaters, what types of boards to try, or where to buy branded (名牌的) shirts in sizes 2XL or 3XL,” he says.

What Duran did find instead was an unfounded belief that fat people should not be skating. “I started to find people who were saying that if you’ re over 190 pounds you shouldn’t be on a skateboard, or that the board won’t support you,” he says.

Determined to do something to change that, Duran founded Chub Rollz— a skating and skateboarding community for overweight skaters. “If you feel like your size makes you feel uncomfortable about skating with others, you are welcome to skate with us,” Duran says.

Duran created a list of recommended (推荐的) products for fat skaters. He also held skating and skateboarding classes to teach beginners. He received a lot of messages from strangers expressing gratitude. “This means so much to me; I didn’t think I could skate,” said one. “A person at the skate shop laughed at me, but this club makes me feel like I can still do it,” wrote another.

Though encouraged, Duran believes a lot more needs to be done to change the idea that fat bodies can’t do and aren’t interested in the activity. He thinks that is simply not true. “I want to see more changes in communities. Maybe skate shops have more training for creating a more welcoming environment for all types of skaters or boards to be made in different sizes,” he explains.

1. What difficulty did Duran have when he decided to start skateboarding again?

A．He couldn’t afford a branded skateboard.

B．He couldn’t find proper products for him.

C．He realized the board couldn’t support him.

D．He found it hard for him to step on a skateboard.

2. What did Duran do for overweight skaters?

A．He wrote them encouraging messages.

B．He found them excellent teachers.

C．He raised money for them.

D．He started a club for them.

3. What does the underlined word “gratitude” in paragraph 5 probably mean?

A．Worries.

B．Thanks.

C．Pride.

D．Doubt.

4. What wish does Duran express in the last paragraph?

A．More members will join Chub Rollz.

B．More support will be given to fat skaters.

C．Skate shops will provide more affordable boards.

D．There will be more communities like Chub Rollz.

5 . Teenagers' busy life can cause them to see exercise as a waste of time. However. the belief is far from true. Exercise is important for teenagers because it not only promotes physical health. but also improves mental health.

Exercise plays an important role in a teenager's mental health. Teenagers who exercise tend to have a better body image than those who don't, which helps build confidence and makes one feel more comfortable. This also helps one to accept his or her looks. Although physique(体形)is not as important a factor as health,it can strongly affect teenagers' mood and attitude. A healthier and fitter body will build a greater sense of confidence in the body image.

Another mental benefit from exercise is the feel-good endorphins(内啡肽)that come along with it. The body produces endorphins naturally when one exercises hard that are commonly referred to as"a happy chemical". They can produce a feel-good effect and create a sense of emotional well-being during and after exercise. They can make physical activities more enjoyable. They can also reduce stress and relax one to a point at which it is even easier for one to fall asleep.

Many students say that they are too busy with schoolwork to exercise. but they don't realize that exercise can improve their mental performance. Exercise such as walking and jogging increases the flow of oxygen to the brain and heart. Teenagers who exercise regularly tend to have the ability to think more clearly and faster, In addition, teenagers that exercise regularly tend to be more focused and perform better in school. Various mental issues can be aided by exercise as well, For example, one who suffers from anger issues may look to exercise as an outlet. Teenagers who struggle with anxiety and depression can also find a healthy outlet through exercise.

1. What do we know about a good physique?

A．It can make teenagers more confident.

B．It is more important than health.

C．It can't affect teenagers' mood and attitude.

D．It can change teenagers' looks.

2. What does the underlined word "it" in paragraph 3 refer to?

A．Body.

B．Benefit.

C．Exercise.

D．Endorphin.

3. Which word best describes the author's attitude to exercise?

A．Negative.

B．Positive.

C．Uncaring.

D．Worried.

4. What is the text mainly about?

A．Teenagers' problems with exercise.	B．The importance of mental health.
C．Teenagers' mental performance.	D．The mental benefits from exercise.

6 . The benefits of regular exercise are well documented but there’s a new bonus to add to the ever-growing list. New researchers found that middle-aged women who were physically fit could be nearly 90 percent less likely to develop dementia in later life, and as they did, it came on a decade later than less sporty women.

Lead researcher Dr. Helena Horder, of the University of Gothenburg in Sweden, said : "These findings are exciting because it’s possible that improving people's cardiovascular （心血管的）fitness in middle age could delay or even prevent them from developing dementia. "

For the study, 191 women with an average age of 50 took a bicycle exercise test until they were exhausted to measure their peak （最大值的） cardiovascular capacity. The average peak workload was measured at 103 watts.

A total of 40 women met the criteria for a high fitness level, or 120 watts or higher. A total of 92 women were in the medium fitness category; and 59 women were in the low fitness category, defined as a peak workload of 80 watts or less, or having their exercise tests stopped because of high blood pressure, chest pain or other cardiovascular problems.

These women were then tested for dementia six times over the following four decades. During that time, 44 of the women developed dementia. Five percent of the highly fit women developed dementia, compared to 25 percent of the women with medium fitness and 32 percent of the women with low fitness.

"However, this study does not show cause and effect between cardiovascular fitness and dementia, it only shows an association. More research is needed to see if improved fitness could have a positive effect on the risk of dementia and also to look at when during a lifetime a high fitness level is most important. " She also admitted that a relatively small number of women were studied, all of whom were form Sweden, so the results might not be applicable to other groups.

1. What is on the ever-growing list mentioned in the first paragraph?

A．Positive effects of doing exercises.

B．Exercises suitable for the middle-aged.

C．Experimental studies on diseases.

D．Advantages of sporty woman over man

2. Why did the researchers ask the women to do bicycle exercise?

A．To predict their maximum heart rate.

B．To assess their cardiovascular capacity

C．To change their habits of working out

D．To detect their potential health problems

3. What do we know about Dr Horder's study?

A．It aimed to find a cure for dementia.

B．Data collection was a lengthy process.

C．Some participants withdrew from it.

D．The results were far from satisfactory.

4. Which of the following is the best title for the text?

A．More Women Are Exercising to Prevent Dementia

B．Middle-Aged Women Need to Do More Exercise

C．Fit Women Are Less Likely to Develop Dementia

D．Biking Improves Women's Cardiovascular Fitness

9 . I love training with my husband Chris. We do our own exercises separately, but then we really enjoy spending 30—40 minutes doing something we both like together. I also train with my family — my brother, his wife and our cousins will come to our house every now and then to train together. It's like family fun time! A little bit of competition also makes us work out harder.

Laziness, as you know, is contagious. But so is enthusiasm. If you can get your partner on board, you will be able to encourage each other on those days when the other doesn't feel like moving. If you set yourself a challenge and add competition to the mix, I promise you that the training will be much more fun. Time will fly by and you'll want to do it again.

This is why I wanted to learn Chris' favourite sport — surfing. Not only would we have more things to do together, but it would be a great challenge for me. In turn, I have introduced Chris to two of my favourite activities: horse riding and motorbiking. Now he also loves them, which means we have even more chances to have fun together. Encouraged by our example, my brother and his wife now train together too. This is what it's all about at the end of the day: quality time with your partner.

What if you don't have a partner? Well, I'm sure you have a friend who would love to train with you. Or, if you have young children, why not train in the backyard with another parent while they play? You just need some music. The important thing is to have a plan and to make the time to do it. It will be much more fun than doing it on your own.

1. How does the author train with her husband?

A．They train on a daily basis.	B．They start with separate training.
C．They train for half an hour each time.	D．They always try to do the same exercise.

2. What happens when the author trains with the family?

A．Everyone gets more active.	B．Everyone relaxes after work.
C．Everyone is very competitive.	D．Everyone feels time is slowing down.

3. How does the author find surfing?

A．It's more for men than women.	B．It makes her feel discouraged.
C．It's not so hard as she expected.	D．It requires lots of hard work to learn.

4. What is the author trying to do in the last paragraph?

A．To look for help.	B．To express thanks.
C．To make a promise.	D．To give encouragement.

10 . A study published in the journal Frontiers in Psychology took a closer look at music in sports, specifically how listening to music could affect one’s overall performance.

Researchers asked 150 volunteers to throw a ball into a basket. For the first stage of the study, participants threw the ball from a fixed point. They threw the ball while listening to music of their choice, while not listening to music, or while listening to music that the researchers selected. For the second state they were able to choose where to stand when throwing the ball and performed the same activity with the various music choices.

The study found that listening to music, whether it was music of the volunteer's choice or a song chosen for them, did not make the participants more or less likely to get the ball in the basket. It had no effect, What it did do was increase self-esteem and make the study participants more likely to take risks, especially for males who were allowed to choose their own music.

The results suggest that music many pump you up. And it may even help you workout harder and longer than you would without it. But no matter what song you listen to, it's not going to help you get that ball into the basket.

Another study look a detailed look at how music pace might affect exercise. Researchers found that listening to high-pace music makes people feel like they're working less while also benefiting their bodies more.

Listening to high-pace music while exercising resulted in the highest heart rate compared with not listening to music. This means that the exercise seemed like less effort, but it was more beneficial in terms of enhancing physical fitness.

The study found that the beneficial effects of high-pace music were greatest for people who were walking or running and were felt the least for those who were doing high-intensity exercises such as weightlifting.

1. What were volunteers allowed to do while shooting in the second stage test?

A．Choose position and music.	B．Shoot from a fixed point.
C．Shoot with fixed music.	D．Shoot with no music.

2. Which is more encouraging in throwing a ball test?

A．Music given by experts.

B．Music males chose.

C．Peaceful music.

D．Loud music.

3. Which sentence matches the results of high-pace music in this study?

A．It has no effect on sports.	B．It improves your athletic skills.
C．It helps easily achieve better workout.	D．High-pace music is beneficial for all forms of exercise.

4. What does the underlined word "enhancing" in paragraph 6 probably mean?

A．Reducing.

B．Balancing.

C．Changing.

D．Strengthening.