1 . 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Guides on how to prevent hair lossHair loss is a condition that affects a good number of the human population. There are many reasons for that.    1    Drink at least eight glasses of water as the day wears on if you want to improve the texture (质地) of your hair. Water helps to reduce the free radicals (自由基) inside your body, so that you can have a strong head of hair for many years. Make water your primary liquid during the day.    2    Research has shown that men who live in polluted neighborhoods may experience hair loss, because polluted things enter their bloodstream and damage their hair.Find at least one hour during the day to exercise.    3    Aim to exercise at least three days a week to keep a healthy head of hair.Keep a balanced diet, including plenty of fresh fruit and vegetables. Keeping your whole body healthy will also keep your hair healthy, and healthier hair is likely to last longer.    4    Making sure that you’re eating foods rich in iron is a great way you can help strengthen your hair and prevent it from falling out. Think of eating foods like green leafy vegetables, raisins (葡萄干) and other dried fruits, and even whole grain foods.    5    

A．Avoid areas high in pollution.

B．These food sources are a great source of iron.

C．To prevent hair loss, work with what you have.

D．The following tips will help you prevent hair loss.

E．It is difficult to find the source of hair loss due to its many causes.

F．Exercising helps to reduce stress and remove waste from your body.

G．Keeping your hair healthy will result in shinier hair, improving your appearance.

2 . When we say older people shrink,we don't mean they become tiny enough to fit in your pocket!We just mean that it's common for older people to become a little shorter over time.This kind of shrinking can't be stopped, although people can slow this process.But why does shrinking happen at all?

Because of gravity,cushions between the bones in the spine（脊骨）get compressed（压缩）,which makes a person lose a little height and become shorter.

Another reason why some older people shrink is because of osteoporosis（骨质疏松）.Osteoporosis occurs when bone is broken down and not enough new bone material is made.Over time,bone is said to be lost.Bones become smaller and weaker and can easily break if someone with osteoporosis is injured.

Older people—especially women,who generally have smaller and lighter bones to begin with—are more likely to develop osteoporosis.As years go by,a person with osteoporosis can get small breaks in bones that are called compression fractures.These breaks cause collapse of the spine and over time the person with osteoporosis can become hunched over（驼背）.

Did you know that every day you shrink a little,too?You aren't as tall at the end of the day as you are at the beginning.That's because as the day goes on,water in the disks of the spine gets compressed due to gravity,making you just a tiny bit shorter.Don't worry,though.Once you get a good night's rest,your body recovers,and the next morning,you're standing tall again!

Smoking and drinking alcohol can make this problem worse.Want to do something right now to build strong bones?I believe what I say will help you.

1. What can we infer from the text?

A．For shrinking,people can do nothing about it.

B．If someone is injured,he will become shorter.

C．Women have smaller and lighter bones than men.

D．We aren't as tall at the end of the day as we are at the beginning.

2. What should we do if we don't want to shrink faster?

A．Reduce gravity.

B．Sleep as long as possible.

C．Be careful not to be hurt by others.

D．Keep away from smoking and drinking alcohol.

3. We can learn from the text about osteoporosis that______.

A．it makes people shorter

B．shorter people usually suffer it

C．women are more likely to develop it

D．once our bone is broken down,it will occur

4. What is the best title for the text?

A．Why do we shrink?

B．How to live a healthy life

C．How can we stop shrinking?

D．Some tips on how to keep healthy

3 . 假设你是李华。你的英语老师把你班同学分成几个小组来调查班里患近视(short-sightedness)的同学的人数和原因。你们小组调查后做了如下图所示的统计，请分析下面的饼状图，并谈谈你的看法及建议。

注意：
1. 词数100左右;
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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4 . In the latest beauty craze(狂热) sweeping social media in China, women—and even some men—are boasting that they are paper thin, by posting photographs of their waists behind a vertical(垂直) piece of A4 paper. To qualify, the waist must be entirely hidden by the paper. A piece of A4 paper is 8.3 by 11.7 inches, roughly the size of a sheet of American letter paper.

With the A4 Waist, the trend is attracting hundreds of photographs and thousands of comments on Weibo and other social media networks like Weixin or WeChat. Being abnormally thin is a widespread standard of beauty for women, one that has been criticized as an unhealthy ideal of female attractiveness.

The tiny waist has a long tradition in China, going back at least to King Ling of Chu, who ruled from 540 to 529 B.C. Many in China know the passage from the Book of Han, the history of the Western Han Dynasty: “The King of Chu loved a narrow waist. Many people at court starved to death.’’

Several commentators have found the A4 trend disturbing. In a telephone interview, He Xiaobin, senior fashion features editor at the Chinese edition of GQ magazine, said, “I find it completely stupid. Everybody has a different frame and body shape. Using a single size to define all human beings and thinking you have created a new standard is foolish.’’ The A4 waist challenge annoyed him, saying that it allows certain people to gain bragging rights, while leaving others in depression.

Luckily, some who do not qualify are turning to humor for comfort. Can they substitute a different paper size, such as A3, which is 11.7 inches across or measure a body part besides the waist?

1. What do we know about the latest beauty craze?

A．Women with A4 waists are considered beauties.

B．The love for slim waist is a new modern trend.

C．A4 waist is an old standard of being slim in China.

D．It is a new method to help people go on a diet.

2. According to He Xiaobin, showing A4 waist in social media is ________.

A．traditional	B．challenging
C．disturbing	D．instructive

3. According to the last paragraph, some who don’t have A4 waists take the craze as a ________.

A．lie	B．joke
C．dream	D．target

5 . Feifei, an 11-year-old boy from Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, suffered from a sudden acute eye disease which has almost led to blindness. The disease was caused by excessive(过度的)eye fatigue(疲劳)during the winter vacation, during which he played computer games for continuous 10 days and nights.

Many youngsters in China nowadays are increasingly addicted to computer games and other electronic products. This is followed by a series of health problems, with the most typical case being myopia, or nearsightedness.

According to the latest research report released by the World Health Organization (WHO), the myopia     rate among Chinese teenagers ranks first in the world—70 percent of high school and college students. The rate is nearly 40 percent in primary school students, while it is only 10 percent for their peers in the United States.

There are at least 10 million people in China with severe myopia, and they are likely to get pathological(病理性的)myopia in middle age. Pathological myopia can't be treated with glasses or surgery, and it is one of the biggest factors that lead to blindness, Xu Xun, director of the ophthalmology(眼科学) department at Shanghai General Hospital, pointed out.

Experts explain that two major factors lead to the high rate of myopia among Chinese people. One is high academic pressure, and the other one is excessive use of electronic devices over a long period of time. Genetics, on the other hand, are not the main reason, as only 20 percent of Chinese people had myopia in the 1960s.

"Teenagers are now faced with severe academic pressure, which means they often study without natural light. This increases their risk of becoming nearsighted," Xu said.

Experts suggest that youngsters maintain a proper balance between study and rest so as to protect their eyesight, and parents should play an active role in the process.

1. Why does the author mention Feifei's experience in the first paragraph?

A．To advise people to protect their eyes.

B．To introduce the topic of nearsightedness.

C．To inform people of the cause of blindness.

D．To show that Feifei developed an eye disease.

2. What can be learnt from the passage?

A．Nearsightedness may cause other health problems.

B．There are more nearsighted students in the United States.

C．70 percent Chinese students in primary school are nearsighted.

D．Pathological myopia is most likely to cause blindness.

3. Which of the following can be a main reason for myopia?

A．Genetics factors.

B．Low academic pressure.

C．Overuse of electronic devices.

D．Reading in natural light.

4. What will be probably discussed in the following paragraph?

A．The significance of protecting eyesight.

B．Youngsters’ bad behavior leading to myopia.

C．The relationship between youngsters and their parents.

D．Parents’ role in helping youngsters protect their eyesight.

6 . Easy Ways to Keep Your Brain Sharp

Everyone is forgetful, but as we age, we start to feel like our brains are slowing down a bit- -and that can be a very annoying thing.     1    Read on for some techniques worth trying.

1.     2    

People who regularly made plans and looked forward to upcoming events had a 50 percent reduced chance of Alzheimer’s disease (早老性痴呆症)，according to a recent study.     3    Something as simple as setting a goal to have a weekly coffee date with a friend will do. There’s evidence that people who have a purpose in life or who are working on long or short-term goals appear to do better. In other words, keep your brain looking forward.

2. Go for a walk.

Mildly raised glucose (葡萄糖) levels can harm the area of the brain that helps you form memories and physical activity can help get blood glucose down to normal levels. In fact, exercise produces chemicals that are good for your brain.     4    

3. Learn something new.

Take a Spanish class online, join a drawing club, or learn to play cards. A study found that mental stimulation (刺激) limits the weakening effects of aging on memory and the mind. But the best thing for your brain is when you learn something new and are physically active at the same time.     5    Or go dancing with your friends.

A．Focus on the future.

B．This can be especially harmful to the aged.

C．It should be something like learning gardening.

D．So take a few minutes each day to do some reading.

E．But don’t worry if your schedule isn’t filled with life changing events.

F．Luckily, research shows there is a lot you can do to avoid those moments

G．In other words, when you take care of your body, you take care of your brain.

7 . You have a backache; your legs are painful after a basketball match—what better than a relaxing massage (按摩)?

Scientists now say they have figured out the reason why a massage brings comfort. They say a massage changes how some of your proteins (蛋白质) act.This makes your muscles less inflamed (发炎的), according to the Los Angeles Times.

The leader of the study, Professor Mark Tarnopolsky at McMaster University, Canada, chose several healthy young men for the experiment.He asked them to do very tiring exercise. Then he looked at how the cells changed in their legs.After this, the men were given a massage on only one leg and Tarnopolsky recorded any cell changes again.

Tarnopolsky and his team found that massaging made the inflammation caused by exercise get better because it weakened the activity of a protein called NF­kB.

Scientists also noticed that massaging helped cells recover from exercise damage.When muscles were being massaged, the amount of another protein called PGC­lalpha increased. This kind of protein can stimulate (促进) the growth of a tiny part inside cells called mitochondria (线粒体)．

People used to think that massaging eases pain by clearing away the lactic acid (乳酸) which built up after exercise. However, Tarnopolsky and his team didn't see any changes to lactic acid.

Thomas Birk is a professor at Wayne State University, US. He said that the study was the first he had seen to analyze massage in such depth.   He said they wanted to start research 10 years ago, but technology was not yet good enough.

One day massages could be used to treat injuries and muscle disease. They may even be able to replace some anti­inflammatory medicines, said Birk. But, he said, more research is needed for masseurs (按摩师) to figure out the best massages for different diseases.

1. What is the article mainly about?

A．A new way to massage.

B．The best way to relax after doing sports.

C．New research into massages.

D．The advantages of a massage.

2. How can a massage bring comfort according to the article?

A．It weakens the activity of the protein NF­kB.

B．It helps protein recover from exercise damage.

C．It can clear away the mitochondria in muscles.

D．It can prevent inflammation in muscles.

3. What does the underlined word “eases” in Paragraph 6 probably mean?

A．makes easier	B．reduces
C．puts up with	D．stops

4. Which of the following statements is TRUE?

A．It was believed that massages cleared away lactic acid.

B．Research into massages started 10 years ago.

C．Massages are used to treat muscle diseases in hospitals.

D．Massages will reduce the amount of protein PGC­lalpha.

8 . 假如你是李华，你的朋友Molly写信向你询问如何保护视力。请你给她写一封信，并提出一些建议，内容包括：
1.用眼时间不能过长；
2.读书时眼睛与书应该保持一英尺左右的距离；
3.坚持每天做眼保健操；
注意：1.词数100左右

2.信的格式已为你写好，不计入总词数。

参考词汇：  昏暗的dim      视力eyesight
Dear Molly,
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Yours,

Li Hua

9 . How to Care for Your Ears?

Ears not only let us hear, but they also play a role in maintaining our balance, which is vital to our ability to function in daily life. Yet, we ignore them. We can't even see our ears, except in a mirror. We take it for granted what they do for us day in and day out—until we notice something wrong, such as when an earache strikes or when we start having to ask people to repeat what they say.    1    

◆Clean your ear with a washcloth—covered finger only.

Never put anything inside your ear canal, including cotton swabs(药签).    2    

◆Leave earwax（耳垢）alone.

Wax is your ear's way of eliminating（消除）anything foreign that gets into the ear canal.    3    If you find you have too much earwax, use a few drops of earwax remover in the canal. After a few minutes, wash the ear with warm water.

◆Avoid noisy places.

Rock concerts and construction sites are just a few places that frequently have noise levels that can damage hearing. Any place where you have to shout to be heard should be avoided.

◆    4    

Be careful not to play MP3 too loud, especially if using earphone.

◆Be careful with illness and medications.

Respiratory（呼吸的）illnesses should be treated to avoid their spread to the ears. Certain medications can damage hearing, so follow the directions carefully before taking them.

See your doctor if you suffer from sudden hearing loss or hear noises in your head.    5    

A．Turn the volume(音量) down.

B．Avoid using earphones while listening to MP3.

C．In such case, go to see a doctor as soon as possible.

D．This article will show you how to care for your ears.

E．Most people don't need to clean wax out of their ears.

F．Your ear canal is very narrow and a swab can damage it.

G．These can be symptoms of a serious illness which needs to be treated.

10 . 语法填空

Are you a teenager     1    (absorb) in music? If so, I will give you a warning—the music you love could end up making you deaf. More     2    (specific), the way you listen to the music you love could make you deaf.

The problem is headphones. In the past, we played music out into the air.   Then earmuff­style (耳罩式) headphones     3    (invent) and we were able to play music much closer to our ears. Now we have earbuds(耳塞), which many doctors think are     4    (bad) than older headphones because they play music directly into the ears. Also, earbuds are not as good as blocking outside noise, so people     5    use them may turn the volume     6    to dangerous levels.

What's the dangerous level? Well, it     7    (depend) on how long you are going to listen to the noise. Very, very loud sounds can be dangerous to your hearing. But scary     8     (true) is that even seemingly “normal” noise can be dangerous     9    you listen to it all the time.

Think for a minute about how long you spend     10     (listen) to loud noise with headphones every day. Then do some research. There are resources online to tell you what volumes are safe, and for how long.