1 . 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
1. Which season is it now?

A．Summer.

B．Fall.

C．Winter.

2. On which coast will winds reach up 50 kilometers per hour?

A．The northeast coast.

B．The northwest coast.

C．The southwest coast.

3. What is expected in the South Pennines?

A．Rain.

B．Snow

C．Wind.

4. Where is the hurricane season starting?

A．In the west of Ireland.

B．In the north of Scotland.

C．In the south of America.

2 . Fog is a common climate phenomenon in life, and different environments can lend to diverse forms of this low-lying cloud.

Frontal fog

This fog is formed when raindrops change into gas. The rain falls through warmer air into cold stable air and forms a fog layer near the ground. When enough rain has filled the cold layer of air, foggy clouds become visible.

Radiation fog

This type of fog forms during mild weather, when there is little wind and the skies are clear of other clouds. The air near the ground cools and turns into a layer of fog, which grows overnight as the air cools further. When the sun heats the air again the following day,the fog begins to dissipate.

Advection fog

Advection fog forms in a similar way to radiation fog, but is caused by warm air moving horizontally over colder air rather than the vertical loss of surface heat. When the warm air approaches colder ground, it gradually forms fog.

Sea fog

Warm and moist air that forms over a body of water becomes cooler as it’s transported with the wind. This cooling causes sea fog to form. When it reaches the warmer air above land, it may begin to dissipate.

1. When does frontal fog form?

A．In cold days.

B．In rainy days.

C．In mild days.

D．In sunny days.

2. Which is the necessary factor of forming Advection fog?

A．Stable air.

B．Moist air.

C．Cold air.

D．Dry air.

3. What do radiation fog and sea fog have in common?

A．They move horizontally.	B．They cool near the ground.
C．They form during mild weather.	D．They dissipate in warmer air.

3 . No matter where you live in the world, natural disasters are always a threat. Of course, we humans take steps, both at an individual and social level, to prepare ourselves for the possibility of natural disasters. But preparing for these events requires understanding the types of natural disasters, what causes them, and the dangers they cause.

A technical term for a period of very cold weather, a cold wave is a type of natural disaster where the temperature drops rapidly over the course of 24 hours. While cold weather in itself isn’t necessarily enough to cause a natural disaster, a rapid dropping of the temperature could lead to lots of problems for communities in a region.

Interestingly, there isn’t an precise temperature threshold (起点) that must reach to be. Rather, cold waves are classified (分类) by how fast the temperature falls. Since what’s considered to be “cold” varies widely from region to region, local weather services will use local weather averages to determine if a weather event is actually a cold wave.

There are many reasons why a cold wave might occur. One of the most common causes of a cold wave is the arrival of a very strong high pressure system from the polar regions. Alternatively, movement in the jet streams can also drive very cold weather southward in just a matter of hours.

The primary danger of a cold wave is, indeed, the cold weather itself. This can lead to a higher risk of hypothermia (低温症) and other cold-related injuries. Additionally, cold weather can cause ice and frost to build up quickly, damaging basic facilities. Cold waves are also particularly dangerous for aircraft and other machinery. Extreme cold can use up vehicle batteries or cause petrol to come together. So, whenever in extreme cold weather, people need to be careful.

1. Why do people need to understand natural disasters?

A．To remove nervousness.	B．To encourage research.
C．To get ready for its possibility.	D．To build professional departments.

2. How can we define a cold wave?

A．By an exact temperature.	B．By classified temperature.
C．By local climate standards.	D．By fallen temperature in summer.

3. Which of the following contributes most to the cold wave?

A．Sudden big wind.	B．Heavy snow.
C．Rapidly rising temperature.	D．A powerful pressure system from polar areas.

4. What is the text mainly about?

A．A natural program.	B．A climate disaster.
C．A scientific method.	D．A scientific experiment.

4 . 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
1. What’s the weather like today?

A．It’s cold and sunny.

B．It’s cold and snowy.

C．It’s cold and rainy.

2. What time of year is it in California?

A．It’s in early December.

B．It’s in early November.

C．It’s in early October.

3. What gave the man a great surprise this morning?

A．The weather forecast.

B．The cold weather.

C．Raining for a week.

4. Where will the woman have to go in spite of the cold weather?

A．California.

B．The bookstore.

C．The school.