1 . Before joining the WNBA, Napheesa Collier won a national championship as a key player during the University of Connecticut’s undefeated 2016 season. Collier is also on another team: She’s an Eco Athletes champion. Eco Athletes is a nonprofit launched just over a year ago, with the mission to inspire and coach athletes to lead climate action. In its first year, 34 current and retired professional athletes have joined the team, from a wide range of sports and countries.

“My teammates and I talk about a lot of issues, but we haven’t gotten into it on climate yet,” says Collier. “Two things my teammates do talk about are racial and economic injustice. I know that climate change makes these issues much more difficult to deal with. I hope Eco Athletes can help me bring people’s attention to it and to act on positive solutions. ”

Although there’s a long history of athletes taking a stand on social justice issues, they have been more hesitant to speak out about climate change for a number of reasons, explains Lewis Blaustein, the founder of Eco Athletes. “First, some athletes prefer to not publicly engage in polities, which is common to a range of advocacy work. Second, when it comes to climate, athletes worried about communicating the science poorly. Finally, fears of being labeled a ‘climate fake(冒充者)’also stood in the way. ”

To overcome these challenges, Eco Athletes offers athletes access to a resource center and organizes events for athletes to learn from climate scientists and other climate experts. In turn, athletes can share their passion for the environment with their fans, get involved in more direct action and even advocate for policy change.

“A lot of it is trying to educate our followers and talk about climate change,” says Collier. “Caring about the Earth shouldn’t be a hobby or an identity, but a responsibility that everyone recognizes as their own. Once that happens, sustainability will become a value in everyday decision making and all those actions will add up. ”

1. Why was Eco Athletes set up?

A．To promote eco-friendly sports.

B．To provide a platform for world leaders.

C．To appeal to athletes to take climate action.

D．To inspire coaches to lead climate activities.

2. Which of the following may prevent athletes from engaging in climate issues?

A．High economic pressure.	B．Lack of related knowledge.
C．Poor interpersonal relationships.	D．Worry about breaking sports rules.

3. What will athletes get from joining Eco Athletes?

A．Access to sports skills.	B．Ways to attract followers.
C．Chances to learn climate science.	D．Rights to draft climate policies.

4. What can we learn from the text?

A．Responsibility falls on climate experts.	B．Greatness comes from small beginnings.
C．The spirits of sports make great athletes.	D．Active engagement makes a difference.

2 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

One solar term gives way to another as summer takes hold. After Xiao man, or “grain buds”, it’s time for Mang zhong, or “grain in ear”,     1     Chinese solar term for summer. This year, Mang zhong starts on June 6. According to this solar term, most of China will see the hot dry days of summer     2     the areas around the Yangtze River will experience rain.

Mang refers to the thistle (蓟) on the seeds of grain plants and zhong refers to harvesting and sowing,     3     happen at the same time. The beginning of Mang zhong means the grains are fully grown and waiting to     4    (harvest). So like other solar terms, it also     5    (reflect) agricultural phenology (物候学).

In Chinese, mang has the same     6    (pronounce) as another mang, which means “busy”. Mang zhong is also regarded by Chinese farmers     7     “busy farming”.

Tang Dynasty poet Bai Juyi described the busy scene of people     8    (work) on farmlands during the period in his poem, titled Guan Yimai (Watching the Wheat Harvest): “Farm families have few leisurely     9    (month). In the     10    (five) lunar month, they are twice as busy. The southern breeze arises in the evenings. Covered fields of wheat now turn yellow… Married women and unmarried girls carry round bamboo containers on poles full of food. Children follow with pots of food and water. Following each other into the fields to serve food and drink for the strong men in the southern fields.”

3 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

The climate crisis has reached new levels of destruction this year for millions of people in poor countries that didn’t cause the problem,     1    (lead) to losses so huge that it is hard for many in richer countries to even understand. For nearly three decades, the countries most affected have asked wealthy countries to help them pay for the damage, only    2    (pay) lip service.

At the annual United Nations climate conference this week, the issue is formally    3    the agenda, a breakthrough in itself.     4    (encouraging), a small number of wealthy countries have promised to give money despite small amounts.

These contributions are welcome, although they are not the kind of funding    5     (seek) — some countries reallocate the funds from other pots of climate finance, or put money toward    6    (insure), or early warning systems. What these countries    7    (call) for over the past decades, and urgently need, is a collective funding stream within the United Nations    8    helps them recover from devastating losses from disasters, rising seas and other climate impacts.

It’s not    9    matter of charity. Taking action is firmly in rich countries’ own interests. As climate change bears down,more factorries and ports around the world will close, devastating global supply chains. Food prices will rise. More people will be displaced, which will cause additional migration crises. Conflict will grow more likely as people fight over land and water. The consequences will destabilize even the    10    (strong) economies. Preventing that outcome now, by financing recovery from climate damage, will ensure a more stable future for everyone.

4 . If you go down to the woods today, you’re in for a big surprise: for the first time in thousands of years there will be wild bison roaming in the UK.

Early today three European bison are to be released into West Blean and Thornden Woods in Kent in an attempt to address the climate crisis and boost biodiversity.

Donovan Wright, a bison ranger with the Wilder Blean Project — a joint endeavour between Kent Wildlife Trust and Wildwood Trust — told the Guardian the first animals to be released will be a 14-year-old matriarch (母野牛) and two young females who come from herds in Scotland and Ireland, respectively. A male from Germany is set to arrive in a month.

The hope is that the huge beasts will act as natural engineers, with behaviours such as the felling of certain trees — a result of the bison stripping the bark off to eat or rubbing their fur off against them — giving a range of plant and animal species a chance to prosper.

“It opens up the canopy (树冠), allowing the light to go through to the woodland floor,” Wright said, noting that as the bison move through the undergrowth they create paths about half a metre wide, while they also love to dust bathe, often reusing the same sites.

“Those become home for sand lizards and your pioneering plants,” said Wright, adding bison themselves are like giant seed banks. “As they move they collect seeds, and then they are also spreading seeds along the route,” he said, noting as wildflowers spring up, they attract insects and other pollinators, with their seeds a source of food for birds.

The project will also help with conservation of the European bison. “In 1927 they were classified as extinct in the wild,” said Wright, adding the team have gained inspiration from projects in other countries, including the Netherlands, where the European bison have been reintroduced.

Yesterday the three females set to be released in Kent were fitted with tracking collars, an approach that will allow the team to plot the animals’ movements and glean insights into the plants they interact with.

Evan Bowen-Jones, the chief executive of Kent Wildlife Trust, said: “The restoration of naturally functioning ecosystems is a vital and inexpensive tool in tackling the climate crisis. The bison will help to create climate-resistant landscapes which can adapt to the challenges presented by the crisis we face.”

“We want Wilder Blean to mark the beginning of a new era for conservation in the UK. We need to revolutionise the way we restore natural landscapes, relying less on human intervention and more on natural engineers like bison, boar and beaver.”

1. Which of the following is not the advantage of releasing the bison?

A．Providing home for some animals and plants.

B．Acting as seed banks.

C．Attracting insects and other pollinators.

D．Preventing the European bison from dying out.

2. What is the function of the tracking collars?

A．Spreading the seeds.	B．Protecting the bison.
C．Collecting the data.	D．Tackling the climate crisis.

3. What is the Evan Bowen-Jones’ attitude towards the project?

A．Favorable.

B．Tolerant.

C．Curious.

D．Opposed.

4. What is the main idea of the passage?

A．The development of the European bison.

B．The project of releasing the European bison.

C．The way to boost biodiversity.

D．The protection of the European bison.

5 . How to Talk Honestly to Kids About Climate Change

As parents,many of us have had challenging conversations with our children.There’s one more to add to the list-climate change.

Climate change is no longer a future issue.It’s already affecting nearly every aspect of our lives and our children’s futures, our heat waves more deadly,our storms more intense,and our wildfires burn．

When we talk to our kids,we have to be honest.Climate change is real and serious.But the most important thing we can give them is hope that there are solutions,and everyone has something to contribute no matter their age.

Many kids are already aware that the climate is changing.They first learn about climate change in school,online or from their friends.In a recent poll of American teenagers,57percent said that climate change made them feel scared．

We’re climate scientists and we agree:Climate change is scary.It makes us feel anxious,and even angry,when we see people sticking their fingers in their ears and ignoring the warnings that are piling up faster and faster.

That’s why it’s so important to practice what psychologist Renee Lertzman refers to as attunement (协调).”Attunement is when we’re feeling in sync (同步),when we feel accepted for exactly where we are,”Lertzman explains.The first step is looking inward at what we are feeling:then at what our kids are experiencing:and finally,to all the other living things that are also being affected by climate change.How do we relate to them all?

By taking the time to understand how we feel about climate changes ourselves and then listening to our children discuss their fears and hopes around the issue,we can attune our perspectives to theirs.We can help them figure out how they can be part of the solution,too.

1. Why should parents talk to their children about climate change?

A．It’s a scaring topic．	B．It’s a part of our life．
C．It’s a future problem．	D．It’s a common greeting．

2. How should parents share climate change with the children?

A．Stressing its bad influences．	B．Offering them simple solutions．
C．Telling them the truth hopefully．	D．Telling them the trend of climate form．

3. What do parents and their children have in common?

A．They react to climate change similarly．

B．They take interest in studying climate．

C．They prefer the changing climate．

D．They ignore the climate change warnings．

4. What is the suggested way of practising attunement?

A．Talking about our experiences．

B．Thinking in our children’s shoes．

C．Helping our children solve problems．

D．Knowing our feelings and our children’s．

6 . The immense and forbidding Southern Ocean is famous for howling winds and strange waves that have tested mariners for centuries.

But its true strength lies beneath the waves.

The ocean’s dominant feature, extending up to two miles deep and as much as 1.200 miles wide, is the Antarctic Circumpolar (极地附近的) Current, by far the largest current in the world.

It is the world’s climate engine, and it has kept the world from warming even more by drawing deep water from the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian oceans, much of which has been in the deep ocean for hundreds of years, and pulling it to the surface. There, it exchanges heat and carbon dioxide with the atmosphere before being pushed again on its endless round trip.

Without this action, which scientists call upwelling, the world would be even hotter than it has become as a result of human-caused emissions of carbon dioxide and other heat-trapping gases. “From no perspective is there any place more important than the Southern Ocean,” said Joellen L. Russell, an oceanographer at the University of Arizona. “There’s nothing like it on Planet Earth.”

For centuries this ocean was largely unknown, and its conditions were so extreme that only a relative handful of sailors went to its waters with lots of icebergs.

What fragmentary scientific knowledge was available came from measurements taken by explorers, naval ships, the occasional research expeditions or whaling ships.

But more recently, a new generation of floating, autonomous probes (探测仪) that can collect temperature, density and other data for years—diving deep underwater, and even exploring beneath the Antarctic sea ice, before rising to the surface to phone home—has enabled scientists to learn much more. They have discovered that global warming is affecting the Antarctic current in complex ways, and these shifts could complicate the ability to fight climate change in the future.

1. Why does the true strength lie beneath the waves in the Southern Ocean?

A．There is the deepest current in the world.

B．There is the world’s largest current.

C．There is severe cold climate in the South Pole.

D．There are the strongest winds and strangest waves.

2. How does the Southern Ocean keep the world from warming even more?

A．By pushing severe cold water to the other oceans.

B．By cooling the warmer water from the other oceans.

C．By drawing cold water from other oceans and pulling it to the surface.

D．By keeping cold water in the other oceans for hundreds of years.

3. What does the underlined word "fragmentary" mean in paragraph 7?

A．Advanced.

B．Abstract.

C．Incomplete.

D．Concrete.

4. What do scientists discover according to the last paragraph?

A．The current there is in normal condition despite global warming.

B．The current there is under the complicated influence of global warming.

C．The autonomous probes have found solutions to global warming.

D．Nothing can be done for global warming due to severe cold climate.

7 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Hotter weather leads to lower exam results, according to a new study from Harvard University. What’s     1     (many), hot weather may reduce learning in both the short term and long term. Researchers reported that hot weather on test days higher than average temperatures throughout the school year resulted in poorer grades.     2     study is the first major research into the effect of heat     3     students in the USA. Researchers analyzed how test scores from 10 million American students     4     (affect) by the weather. Their findings showed that an average temperature increase of just 0.55℃ over one year resulted in a one per cent decrease in     5     (learn).

The research is in a paper     6     (call) “Heat and Learning” and was published last month by the USA’s National Bureau of Economic Research. One of the more concerning     7     (conclude) contained in the study is that     8     (globe) warming may affect learning and the income-earning potential of students around the world. The researchers predicted     9     if temperatures continued to rise, the average American student could lose $25,000 in income over     10     (they) lifetime because of lower exam results. Using air conditioning in classrooms could avoid this.

8 . A magic number is mentioned again and again during the climate talks in Glasgow, Scotland, 1.5℃.

It is a big number now but it wasn’t a major part of negotiations just seven years ago. The figure was put in near the end of negotiations into the historic 2015 Paris agreement because some small island nations insisted that it was a matter of survival for them. It is mentioned only once in the agreement, in which the primary goal is to limit warming to 2℃ above pre industrial levels. 1.5℃ is just a political suggestion.

“The 2℃ was chosen because it is the warmest temperature that the planet has ever seen in the last million years. To reach the goal, scientists say the world needs to cut its current greenhouse gas emissions (排放) by about half as of 2030,” said climate scientist Corinne LeQuere, who helped write the Paris agreement, “And the number is not another 1.5℃ from now. Instead, it stands for the international goal of trying to limit future warming to 1.5℃ since pre-industrial times. It’s actually only 0.4℃from now because the world has warmed 1.1℃ since pre-industrial times.”

After the Paris agreement threw in the 1.5 figure, the United Nations tasked the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) to study what difference there would be on Earth between 1.5℃ of warming and 2℃ of warming. The 2018 IPCC report found that compared to 2℃, stopping warming at 1.5℃ would mean: 1) Seas would rise nearly 0.1 meters less; 2) Half as many animals and plants would die out; 3) There would be far fewer heat waves, downpours and droughts; 4) Half as many people would suffer from diseases, heat and lack of water.

“And we have more scientific evidence than ever that it gets worse and worse as we exceed (超过) beyond 1.5.” said Corinne LeQuere.

“It’s technically possible to limit global warming to 1.5℃. but I think it is close to politically impossible in the real world.” said Columbia University climate scientist Adam Sobel.

“As hard as it is. negotiators can’t give up on 1.5,” said Elizabeth May, one of the climate activists who demand that the world leaders keep 1.5℃ alive. “If we don’t hang on to 1.5 while it is technically possible, we are almost criminals.”

1. What can be learned about the 1.5℃ target?

A．It was suggested by the United Nations before 2015.

B．It is one of the major goals in the Paris agreement.

C．It is just a political suggestion adopted by negotiators.

D．It can be achieved by cutting current emissions by half.

2. How much can Earth still be heated up within the 2℃ limit?

A．0.4℃.

B．0.9℃.

C．1.1℃.

D．1.6℃.

3. What is the fourth paragraph mainly about?

A．The consequences of the global warming.

B．The scientific evidence of the global warming.

C．The possible reduction of losses and damages.

D．The serious challenges for small island countries.

4. What does Elizabeth May mean concerning limiting global warming to 1.5℃?

A．It is technically impossible.	B．World leaders should stop talking.
C．Scientists should do more.	D．We should aim to the stricter target.

9 . Ice Ages

Have you ever heard the phrase “ice age”? It refers to a long period of time when glaciers and ice sheets cover large parts of the Earth. We are actually living in an ice age right now! This ice age began about 2.5 million years ago. Today, large areas of ice cover regions of Antarctica, the Arctic, and Greenland.

The climate changes multiple times during an ice age. It switches between glacial periods and interglacial periods. During glacial periods of an ice age, temperatures are much colder than they are today. Ice sheets and glaciers expand, covering more of the planet. These periods can last tens of thousands of years. The last glacial period started about 120,000 years ago and ended about 11,500 years ago. During interglacial periods of an ice age, the average global temperature increases. Ice sheets and glaciers get smaller. The climate is warmer and wetter than it is during glacial periods. We are currently living in an interglacial period. It started about 11,500 years age—when the last glacial period ended.

Scientists don’t completely understand what causes ice ages. But they do believe that one important factor is the amount of light Earth receives from the sun. When the northern part of the world receives less sunlight, temperatures drop—it gets colder, and more water freezes into ice. This can lead to the start of an ice age. When the northern part of the world receives more sunlight, temperatures rise—it gets warmer and ice sheets melt. Consequently, an ice age ends. However, there are other factors, too, including changes in the water flow of our oceans. Scientists are working to learn more about how different factors may cause an ice age to begin and end.

The current ice age we’re in is not the first the Earth has experienced. At least five major ice ages have occurred throughout Earth’s history.

1. What is the main purpose of the passage?

A．To announce a recent scientific discovery.

B．To describe how ice ages come about.

C．To explain why the Earth’s climate is changing.

D．To encourage people to concern about the environment.

2. How are glacial and interglacial periods different?

A．The north part of the earth receives less sunlight during glacial periods.

B．It is warmer during an interglacial period than a glacial one.

C．Interglacial periods normally last longer than glacial periods.

D．More of the Earth is covered by ice during an interglacial period than a glacial one.

3. What does the underlined word “this” in paragraph 3 refer to?

A．That the temperature falls.	B．That glaciers get smaller.
C．Global climate.	D．Northern part of the world.

4. What is the author most likely to write about in the missing 5th paragraph?

A．The changes of the ocean water in glacial periods and interglacial periods.

B．Scientists’ new researches on factors making an ice age begin and end.

C．Something about the major ice ages occurred throughout Earth’s history.

D．The effects on human life caused by glacial periods and interglacial periods.

10 . Technology is likely to play a big part in reaching its climate goals in the future.

Fusion is the process that fires the sun. But some experts say it could someday power our homes. Fusion happens when the nuclei (核) of two atoms are subjected to extreme heat. This leads to the formation of a new larger atom and large amounts of energy. One problem is the process itself requires a large amount of energy. Developers of the technology haven’t yet performed a fusion reaction that releases more energy than it requires. In addition, running an electric power plant of fusion would require the resulting heat to be contained in an economical way.

Advanced nuclear plants would be smaller than today’s massive nuclear reactors. Experts say they could be used in rural areas and could take over for wind and solar power when the sun goes down or the wind dies. But advanced nuclear reactors are difficult and costly to build. Critics say they would also create more waste. And they would run on uranium (铀), which could make some advanced reactors more appealing to militants (激进分子) seeking materials to make weapons.

Currently, there are 15 direct air capture plants operating worldwide, getting CO directly from the air and puts the gas underground. The costs are currently high. But supporters say those costs will fall as the technology improves. They also say tax breaks for businesses could help the technology. But critics say offering large credits could actually lead to more plants continuing to burn fossil fuels.

Hydrogen (氢) can be mixed with natural gas to make a cleaner-burning fuel. This could power a fuel cell vehicle. Such a vehicle would release environmentally friendly water vapors.

So-called clean hydrogen can be produced using energy methods such as wind and solar. But those methods are more costly than “grey hydrogen”, which is made with fossil fuels. Geothermal power plants capture heat up to 370 degrees Celsius far below the earth’s surface. The heat creates steam that can turn turbines (涡轮机) to produce electricity. But the technology would need to greatly expand to become a major alternative to fossil fuels.

1. How does the author develop the passage？

A．By analyzing the cost.

B．By introducing the values.

C．By weighing the positive and negative.

D．By following the order of great importance.

2. What can we learn from the text？

A．Carbon Capture is in the theoretical stage.

B．Nuclear fusion has been widely used in families.

C．Grey hydrogen belongs to environmental protection energy

D．The advanced nuclear plants have hidden dangers of making weapons.

3. What technology is suitable for countries having the heat in the interior(内部)of the earth？

A．Geothermal power.	B．Carbon Capture.
C．Advanced Nuclear.	D．Fusion and Hydrogen.

4. What is the best title for the text？

A．New Issues Facing Climate Goals

B．Develop New Energy According to Local Conditions

C．What Are the Future Development Goals of Clean Energy？

D．Which Technologies Could Help the World Reach Its Climate Goals？